Low-carbon energy scenarios 2050 in north-west European countries: Towards a more harmonised approach to achieve the EU targets

Mikova, Nadezhda; Eichhammer, Wolfgang; Pfluger, Benjamin

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2019.03.047

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In France, oil remains an important fuel for transportation under most future energy consumption scenarios, but this may change if there is widespread adoption of electric vehicles. The results of this present paper are also consistent with those of Midova et al [63], who study low-carbon scenarios of six north-west European countries (Netherlands, Germany, France, Denmark, the UK, and Belgium). In ranking these countries on ten criteria regarding low-carbon energy scenario design, Germany comes out on top, followed by the UK.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Energy Related CO2 Emissions before and after the Financial Crisis

Sadorsky

2020

Sustainability

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The 2008–2009 financial crisis, often referred to as the Great Recession, presented one of the greatest challenges to economies since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Before the financial crisis, and in response to the Kyoto Protocol, many countries were making great strides in increasing energy efficiency, reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emission intensity and reducing their emissions of CO2. During the financial crisis, CO2 emissions declined in response to a decrease in economic activity. The focus of this research is to study how energy related CO2 emissions and their driving factors after the financial crisis compare to the period before the financial crisis. The logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method is used to decompose changes in country level CO2 emissions into contributing factors representing carbon intensity, energy intensity, economic activity, and population. The analysis is conducted for a group of 19 major countries (G19) which form the core of the G20. For the G19, as a group, the increase in CO2 emissions post-financial crisis was less than the increase in CO2 emissions pre-financial crisis. China is the only BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) country to record changes in CO2 emissions, carbon intensity and energy intensity in the post-financial crisis period that were lower than their respective values in the pre-financial crisis period. Compared to the pre-financial crisis period, Germany, France, and Italy also recorded lower CO2 emissions, carbon intensity and energy intensity in the post-financial crisis period. Germany and Great Britain are the only two countries to record negative changes in CO2 emissions over both periods. Continued improvements in reducing CO2 emissions, carbon intensity and energy intensity are hard to come by, as only four out of nineteen countries were able to achieve this. Most countries are experiencing weak decoupling between CO2 emissions and GDP. Germany and France are the two countries that stand out as leaders among the G19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Energy Related CO2 Emissions before and after the Financial Crisis

Sadorsky

2020

Sustainability

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“…They operate hand in hand in the EU by attracting ethical capital from institutional and retail investors for achieving the goals of sustainable development. Hence the EU enables achieving goals of sustainable development (Mikova et al, 2019). In the context of Botswana, the However, the absence of a national policy framework for aligning sustainable finance into the mainstream financial system in Botswana demonstrates that the industry-led compliance with the ESG approach has detached the financial and capital markets from a sustainable finance system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It enables identifying potential risk by understanding salient uncertainties and take informed decisions from near term actions to long term outcomes. Mikova et al (2019), who analyzed low carbon energy scenarios of six EU countries, UK, Germany, France, Netherland, Denmark and Belgium, found ten common features of low carbon policy settings. Nine out of ten characteristics are relevant for all, such as modeling framework for diverse pathways, the ambitiousness of the targets, stakeholder involvement in particular public involvement, transparent technology options, non-technological aspects such as social acceptance, an economic component such as cost-benefit analysis, the degree of usage of scenarios in policy design, intermediate indicators of targets for achievement and revision of scenarios.…”

Section: Pillar 01: Climate and Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights From Eu Policy Framework in Aligning Sustainable Finance for Sustainable Development in Africa and Asia

Liyanage

Netswera²,

Motsumi³

2020

IJEEP

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It is conspicuous that the mainstream financial system in the EU is transforming into a sustainable financial system by a supra/national policy and institutional framework for meeting the goals of SDGs and the targets of the Paris Agreement for climate change together with Nationally Determined Contribution. However, Botswana or Sri Lanka has no such framework. Hence, a need of the hour has arisen to evaluate the sustainable finance policies in Botswana, Sri Lanka, together with the EU seeking insights from the EU's policy framework. Since sustainable finance is not a well-grown branch of the conventional mainstream financial system, the nature of the knowledge is produced by social constructivism based on the grounded theory and the theory is inductively developed for achieving the purpose of the research. The study found, among other things, that incorporating existing policies into the multiple ministries and affiliated institutions together with the current industry-led policy initiatives to manage ESG risks are not adequate. Hence it is recommended various insights to be taken into consideration by the policymakers to formulate a national framework for mobilizing public and private capital to meet the goals of sustainability.

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“…Belgium has adopted the target of a 65 % reduction of greenhouse gas emission levels by 2050, a less ambitious target than the European target of 80 % by 2050. Nevertheless, Belgium is expected to increase the share of renewable energy sources, with an expected increase in wind energy share of between 37 % and 44 % by 2050 (Mikova et al, 2019). The Belgian offshore wind power fleet will be, by the end of 2020, one of the areas with the highest installation density in the North Sea (approximately 10 MW km −2 , while the average is 6.6 MW km −2 ), with an installed capacity of circa 2.3 GW over a marine area of circa 225 km 2 in proximity to the Netherlands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power fluctuations in high-installation- density offshore wind fleets

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Detailed simulation of wind generation as driven by weather patterns is required to quantify the impact on the electrical grid of the power fluctuations in offshore wind power fleets. This paper focuses on studying the power fluctuations of high-installation-density offshore fleets since they present a growing challenge to the operation and planning of power systems in Europe. The Belgian offshore fleet is studied because it has the highest density of installation in Europe by 2020, and a new extension is expected to be fully operational by 2028. Different stages of the future installed capacity, turbine technology, and turbine storm shutdown technologies are examined and compared. This paper analyzes the distribution of power fluctuations both overall and during high wind speeds. The simulations presented in this paper use a new Student t-distributed wind speed fluctuation model that captures the missing spectra from the weather reanalysis simulations. An updated plant storm shutdown model captures the plant behavior of modern high-wind-speed turbine operation. Detailed wake modeling is carried out using a calibrated engineering wake model to capture the Belgium offshore fleet and its tight farm-to-farm spacing. Long generation time series based on 37 years of historical weather data in 5 min resolution are simulated to quantify the extreme fleet-level power fluctuations. The model validation with respect to the operational data of the 2018 fleet shows that the methodology presented in this paper can capture the distribution of wind power and its spatiotemporal characteristics. The results show that the standardized generation ramps are expected to be reduced towards the 4.4 GW of installations due to the larger distances between plants. The most extreme power fluctuations occur during high wind speeds, with large ramp-downs occurring in extreme storm events. Extreme ramp-downs are mitigated using modern turbine storm shutdown technologies, while extreme ramp-ups can be mitigated by the system operator. Extreme ramping events also occur at below-rated wind speeds, but mitigation of such ramping events remains a challenge for transmission system operators.

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Low-carbon energy scenarios 2050 in north-west European countries: Towards a more harmonised approach to achieve the EU targets

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Energy Related CO2 Emissions before and after the Financial Crisis

Energy Related CO2 Emissions before and after the Financial Crisis

Insights From Eu Policy Framework in Aligning Sustainable Finance for Sustainable Development in Africa and Asia

Power fluctuations in high-installation- density offshore wind fleets

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