Low cerium among the dissolved rare earth elements in the central North Pacific Ocean

Baar, H. J. W. de; Bruland, Kenneth W.; Schijf, Johan; Heuven, Steven M. A. C. van; Behrens, Melanie

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.003

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(285 reference statements)

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“…In the subtropical and subarctic North Pacific Ocean, the oxygen minimum zone extends across the entire basin from east to west (Paulmier and Ruiz-Pino, 2009), and redoxmobilized shelf inputs of dissolved trace elements have been observed along nearly every coast. Margin inputs have been identified by the lateral transport of dissolved Mn Bruland, 1980, 1987;Martin et al, 1985;Johnson et al, 1996;Chase et al, 2005;Noble et al, 2008), Fe (Boyle et al, 2005;Chase et al, 2005;Elrod et al, 2004;Noble et al, 2008;Fitzsimmons et al, 2015b), Co (Knauer et al, 1982;Fujishima et al, 2001;Ezoe et al, 2004;Noble et al, 2008), and Ce (de Baar et al, 1985;de Baar et al, 2018). Lateral inputs of particulate Mn and Fe (Lam and Bishop, 2008;Lamborg et al, 2008) were also found in subsurface waters within the oxycline above the low-oxygen waters, but observations in the western North Pacific were limited to a single station (timeseries Station K2) so the extent of offshore transport remained undetermined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shelf Inputs and Lateral Transport of Mn, Co, and Ce in the Western North Pacific Ocean

et al. 2019

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The margin of the western North Pacific Ocean releases redox-active elements like Mn, Co, and Ce into the water column to undergo further transformation through oxide formation, scavenging, and reductive dissolution. Near the margin, the upper ocean waters enriched in these elements are characterized by high dissolved oxygen, low salinity, and low temperature, and are a source of the North Pacific Intermediate Water. High dissolved concentrations are observed across the Western Subarctic Gyre, with a rapid decrease in concentrations away from the margin and across the subarcticsubtropical front. The particulate concentrations of Mn, Co, and Ce are also high in the subarctic surface ocean and enriched relative to Ti and trivalent rare earth elements. Furthermore, the particles enriched in Mn, Co, and Ce coincide at the same depth range, suggesting that these elemental cycles are coupled through microbial oxidation in the subarctic gyre as the waters travel along the margin before being subducted at the subarctic-subtropical front. Away from the margin, the Mn, Co, and Ce cycles decouple, as Mn and Ce settle out as particles while dissolved Co is preserved and transported within the North Pacific Intermediate Water into the central North Pacific Ocean.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shelf Inputs and Lateral Transport of Mn, Co, and Ce in the Western North Pacific Ocean

et al. 2019

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“…Pelagic clay with high bone debris content represents the terminal member in the series of sediment types formed during the oceanic material fractionation [4]. Negative Ce an were related to the different oxidation potential of Ce and were associated strong relation with Mn-Fe oxyhydroxides, which are the main oxidizing agent [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bau and Dulski [92] proposed a binary diagram, which provides a test of whether the calculated negative Ce an was real, or masked by positive La an (Figure 20). Low Gd an , apparent in a few samples, was likely related to inorganic speciation, as well the positive Eu an , which is usually connected with hydrothermal input [56]. The issue of normalizing the REE results to individual rock standards was broadly discussed by [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biological productivity and organism activity in CCFZ sediment is high in comparison with other oceanic basins [55]. Due to the higher biologically related uptake of nutrients, such as C, N, P, Si, and Ca in surface water, and the further remineralization in deepwater, the REE and metals accumulated more extensively in deeper Pacific basins compared to those in the Atlantic Ocean [56].…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contents of major elements (Fe, Mn, Si, Al, Na, Mg, Ca, K, Ti, Cl, P, and S) in 10 samples were determined by EDXRF analyses of powdered and press-pelleted samples, following [56], and using a PANalytical Epsilon 3 EDXRF spectrometer (Malvern Panalytical, Royston, UK), at WPUT.…”

Section: Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

et al. 2020

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The geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of pelagic sediments collected from the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM) claim area, located in the eastern part of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ; eastern tropical Pacific), are described in this paper. The concentrations of rare earth elements (REE), as well as other selected critical elements contained in 135 sediment samples of siliceous clayey silts, are presented. The vertical and spatial variabilities of elements, with particular emphasis on REE as well as metals of the highest economic interest such as Cu, Ni, and Co, are detailed. The applied methods include grain size analysis by laser diffraction, geochemistry examination using ICP-MS, XRF, AAS, and CNS spectrometry, and XRD analysis of mineral composition (Rietveld method). Additionally, statistical methods such as factor analysis (FA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were applied to the results. Finally, a series of maps was prepared by geostatistical methods (universal kriging). Grain size analysis showed poor sorting of the examined fine-grained silts. ICP-MS indicated that total REE contents varied from 200 to 577 ppm, with a mean of 285 ppm, which is generally low. The contents of critical metals such as Cu, Ni, and Co were also low to moderate, apart from some individual sampling stations where total contents were 0.15% or more. Metal composition in sediments was dominated by Cu, Ni, and Zn. A mineral composition analysis revealed the dominance of amorphous biogenic opaline silica (27–58%), which were mostly remnants of diatoms, radiolarians, and sponges associated with clay minerals (23% to 48%), mostly Fe-smectite and illite, with mixed-layered illite/smectite. The high abundance of diagenetic barite crystals found in SEM−EDX observations explains the high content of Ba (up to 2.4%). The sediments showed complex lateral and horizontal fractionation trends for REE and critical metals, caused mostly by clay components, early diagenetic processes, admixtures of allogenic detrital minerals, or scavenging by micronodules.

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REE and Neodymium isotope distribution in the northern South China Sea: particulate dissolution versus water mass mixing

Lliu

Colin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Low cerium among the dissolved rare earth elements in the central North Pacific Ocean

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Cited by 43 publications

References 137 publications

Shelf Inputs and Lateral Transport of Mn, Co, and Ce in the Western North Pacific Ocean

Shelf Inputs and Lateral Transport of Mn, Co, and Ce in the Western North Pacific Ocean

Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

REE and Neodymium isotope distribution in the northern South China Sea: particulate dissolution versus water mass mixing

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