Low Circulation of Zika Virus, Cambodia, 2007–2016

Duong, Veasna; Ong, Sivuth; Leang, Rithea; Huy, Rekol; Ly, Sowath; Mounier, Ugo; Ou, Tey Putita; In, Saraden; Peng, Borin; Ken, Sreymom; Buchy, Philippe; Tarantola, Arnaud; Horwood, Paul F.; Dussart, Philippe

doi:10.3201/eid2302.161432

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Levels of CHIKV herd immunity measured in the Philippines, which are estimated to range from approximately 20-50% over time (Salje et al, 2016), suggest such a scenario for ZIKV. Although estimates of ZIKV infection incidence in Cambodia during 2007 were only about 1/8 those of DENV (Duong et al, 2017), this equates to about ½ that of each DENV serotype, still indicating extensive exposure considering the high levels of DENV hyperendemicity there. However, only with better surveillance facilitated by improved serodiagnostics will the data needed to understand ZIKV epidemiology and predict future trends become available.…”

Section: The Future Of the Pandemic (Scott C Weaver Andrew Haddow)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Zika in the Americas, year 2: What have we learned? What gaps remain? A report from the Global Virus Network

et al. 2017

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In response to the outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in the Western Hemisphere and the recognition of a causal association with fetal malformations, the Global Virus Network (GVN) assembled an international taskforce of virologists to promote basic research, recommend public health measures and encourage the rapid development of vaccines, antiviral therapies and new diagnostic tests. In this article, taskforce members and other experts review what has been learned about ZIKV-induced disease in humans, its modes of transmission and the cause and nature of associated congenital manifestations. After describing the make-up of the taskforce, we summarize the emergence of ZIKV in the Americas, Africa and Asia, its spread by mosquitoes, and current control measures. We then review the spectrum of primary ZIKV-induced disease in adults and children, sites of persistent infection and sexual transmission, then examine what has been learned about maternal-fetal transmission and the congenital Zika syndrome, including knowledge obtained from studies in laboratory animals. Subsequent sections focus on vaccine development, antiviral therapeutics and new diagnostic tests. After reviewing current understanding of the mechanisms of emergence of Zika virus, we consider the likely future of the pandemic.

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Section: The Future Of the Pandemic (Scott C Weaver Andrew Haddow)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Zika in the Americas, year 2: What have we learned? What gaps remain? A report from the Global Virus Network

et al. 2017

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“…The first laboratory-confirmed autochthonous ZIKV infection in Asia occurred in Cambodia in 2010 [20]. Retrospective testing of stored blood samples confirmed an earlier human infection from Cambodia in 2007 [22], the same year as the Yap outbreak in the Pacific region. Whether the transmission intensity and geographic range of ZIKV in Asia has changed substantially over the past decade is not known.…”

Section: Zika Epidemiology In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Zika Virus in Asia

Lim

Yoon

2017

Infect Chemother

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Zika virus (ZIKV) was first isolated in Asia from mosquitoes from Malaysia in 1966. However, the incidence of Zika and Zika-related neurological complications in Asia is not well known. The few studies of Zika in Asia have been inconsistent in pointing to likely transmission levels, with some studies suggesting substantial transmission and others not. Interpretation of existing epidemiological and public health data from Asia is constrained by the non-specific symptomatology of Zika, the high proportion of subclinical ZIKV infections, relatively low viremia, and the lack of accurate serological assays. Here, we update the status of Zika cases from countries in Asia, and highlight some key knowledge gaps. In particular, accurate determinations of the incidence of Zika-related congenital Zika syndrome should be a priority for Zika research in Asia. Additional information will be critical to make informed strategies for the prevention and control of this global public health threat.

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“…Recently, the association between ZIKV and GBS has also been reported in various Latin‐American countries following outbreaks of ZIKV 4, 7, 8, 9. In Asia, where ZIKV has been endemic for several decades,10, 11, 12 the occurrence of GBS and other neurological complications after ZIKV infection have thus far not been reported. The frequency of ZIKV infections in endemic areas is lower than during outbreaks, but considering the size and continuity of the exposed population, a considerable number of people in Asia are expected to be at risk to develop GBS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus and Guillain–Barré syndrome in Bangladesh

GeurtsvanKessel

Islam

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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ObjectivePrevious studies have associated Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) with Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks in South America and Oceania. In Asia, ZIKV is known to circulate widely, but the association with Guillain–Barré syndrome is unclear. We investigated whether endemic ZIKV infection is associated with the development of GBS.MethodsA prospective study was conducted from 2011 to 2015 in Bangladesh. A total of 418 patients and 418 healthy family controls were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed with GBS prior to inclusion according to established criteria. Detailed information on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, electrophysiology, diagnosis, disease severity, and clinical course were obtained during a follow‐up of 1 year using a predefined protocol.Results ZIKV‐neutralizing antibodies were detected in our study from 2013 onwards. The prevalence of ZIKV‐neutralizing antibodies was not significantly higher in patients with GBS compared to healthy controls (OR 2.23, P = 0.14, 95% CI 0.77–6.53). Serological evidence for prior ZIKV infection in patients with GBS was associated with more frequent cranial, sensory, and autonomic nerve involvement compared to GBS patients with Campylobacter jejuni, the predominant preceding infection in GBS worldwide. Nerve‐conduction studies revealed that ZIKV antibodies were associated with a demyelinating subtype of GBS, while C. jejuni infections were related to an axonal subtype.InterpretationNo significant association was found between ZIKV infection and GBS in Bangladesh, but GBS following ZIKV infection was characterized by a distinct clinical and electrophysiological subtype compared to C. jejuni infection. These findings indicate that ZIKV may precede a specific GBS subtype but the risk is low.

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Low Circulation of Zika Virus, Cambodia, 2007–2016

Cited by 51 publications

References 13 publications

Zika in the Americas, year 2: What have we learned? What gaps remain? A report from the Global Virus Network

Zika in the Americas, year 2: What have we learned? What gaps remain? A report from the Global Virus Network

An Update on Zika Virus in Asia

Zika virus and Guillain–Barré syndrome in Bangladesh

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