Low-cost production of cell-bound lipases by pure and co-culture of yeast and bacteria in palm oil mill effluent and the applications in bioremediation and biodiesel synthesis

Abstract

Two bacterial and six yeast strains capable of lipase production were investigated for their extracellular lipase (ECL), cellbound lipase (CBL), and growth profile in basal standard medium (BSM) and the low-cost palm oil mill effluent (POME) media. The yeast Magnusiomyces spicifer AW2 and bacteria Staphylococcus hominis AUP19 were selected and further employed to explore their survivability, lipase activity, and cell biomass production in various POME concentrations. It was revealed that diluted POME 1:1 at pH 7.0 was suitable for yeast and bacterial performance. Furthermore, the development of co-culture between yeast and bacteria was performed by mixing them at a ratio of 1:1. The synthetic co-culture system was successful in improving CBL activity to 3860 U/L. The bioremediation parameter, i.e., oil and grease (O&G) removal, was efficiently achieved 1.1-fold higher than yeast alone and bacterial monoculture at 80.1 ± 1.3%. At the same time, COD removal was highest with the co-culture treatment of 75.9 ± 2.8%, indicating 1.3-fold more effective than yeast monoculture and 1.4-fold better than single bacterial form. The mixed cells of two strains effectively improved biodiesel production from oleic acid of 73.5 ± 3.3% and palm oil of 82.5 ± 0.3% under solvent-free conditions for 72-h reactions at room temperature (30 ± 2 °C), indicating a promising prospect of a combined approach of POME treatment and valorization.

Evaluation and Characterization of Lipase Production in Aspergillus niger Isolate Qurna for Biotechnological Applications

“…The isolation of microbiological strains begins with the collection of environmental samples from various ecological niches, like soil, water, or decomposing organic matter. These samples undergo a series of selective enrichment processes to isolate fungi with desired enzymatic properties, potentially involving specific substrate analogs, pH values, temperature ranges, and growth media that encourage lipase-producing strains [7].…”

Dairy manure pellets and palm oil mill effluent as alternative nutrient sources in cultivating Sporosarcina pasteurii for calcium carbonate bioprecipitation

“…Palm oil mill effluent (POME) has shown its importance as a nutrient source to grow many microorganisms (such as Chlorella sp, Magnusiomyces spicifer, Staphylococcus hominis and Bacillus subtilis) for various applications (ie, lipase and polymer productions) (Chaisorn et al 2016;Bhuyar et al 2021;Fibriana et al 2021). However, dairy manure pellets (DMP) are hardly reported for the same.…”