Low cost scalable monolithic common path probe design for the application in endoscopic optical coherence tomography

Blessing, Katharina; Sharma, Shivani; Gumann, Alexander; Singh, Kanwarpal

doi:10.1088/2631-8695/ab4783

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The undesirable OPD change in the two arms of the interferometer can be minimized using a common path approach where the reference and the sample signal travel approximately the same optical path within the system. Fiber-based common path probes have been reported previously [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and used for the imaging of tissue such as coronary artery [28], eye [31,32], esophagus [29], etc. Owing to their superior phase measurement abilities, common path probes have also been used for angiographic applications [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable Optical Coherence Elastography System With Flexible and Phase Stable Common Path Optical Fiber Probe

Parmar

Sharma

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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Biomechanical properties drive the functioning of cells and tissue. Measurement of such properties in the clinic is quite challenging, however. Optical coherence elastography is an emerging technique in this field that can measure the biomechanical properties of the tissue. Unfortunately, such systems have been limited to benchtop configuration with limited clinical applications. A truly portable system with a flexible probe that could probe different sample sites with ease is still missing. In this work, we report a portable optical coherence elastography system based on a flexible common path optical fiber probe. The common path approach allows us to reduce the undesired phase noise in the system by an order of magnitude less than the standard non-common path systems. The flexible catheter makes it possible to probe different parts of the body with ease. Being portable, our system can be easily transported to and from the clinic. We tested the efficacy of the system by measuring the mechanical properties of the agarbased tissue phantoms. We also measured the mechanical properties (Young's Modulus) of the human skin at different sites. The measured values for the agar phantom and the skin were found to be comparable with the previously reported studies. Ultra-high phase stability and flexibility of the probe along with the portability of the whole system makes an ideal combination for the faster clinical adoption of the optical coherence elastography technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable Optical Coherence Elastography System With Flexible and Phase Stable Common Path Optical Fiber Probe

Parmar

Sharma

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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“…A GBLP with the same spot size, 6.2 μm, offers close to 800 μm working distance and, at 5.7 μm spot size, a WD >750 μm. Another monolithic BLP probe with a thin gold layer was presented for common path interferometry [31]. For a spot diameter of 42.5 μm, a WD of 3 mm was measured; whereas, a GBLP with the same spot size provides >6 mm WD.…”

Section: Gblp Vs Other Fiber Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superior Imaging Performance of All-Fiber, Two-Focusing-Element Microendoscopes

Karnowski¹,

Untracht

Hackmann

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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All-fiber-optic imaging microendoscopes are emerging as an important tool in bioimaging studies, but physical limitations constrain the achievable beam characteristics of designs using a single focusing element. These constraints are especially relevant for applications that require a long working distance, high resolution, and/or minimal probe diameter. Through detailed analysis based on ABCD matrix modelling, we show that side-viewing probes combining a graded-index fiber (GRIN) with a ball lens -GRIN-ball-lens probes (GBLPs) -offer superior performance over a range of numerical apertures and pave the way for a broader range of imaging applications. The performance of side-viewing GBPLs designed for 1300-nm optical coherence tomography imaging is compared against commonly used single-focusing-element all-fiber side-viewing probe designs, namely, ball-lens probes (BLPs) and GRIN-fiber probes (GFPs). All possible realizations of this novel probe design and their impact on the requisite design tradeoffs are investigated, including the impact on probe performance of fabrication error and the refractive index of the surrounding medium. Applications of GBLPs, including ultra-high-resolution (sub-2 micrometer) miniature probes for micro-endomicroscopy, are discussed.

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“…In the system reported here, we used a customised monolithic mirror based CPP. The previously reported design opens the possibility to adjust the reference power independently from the working distance [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth encoded input polarisation independent swept source cross-polarised optical coherence tomography probe

Blessing

Schirmer

Parmar

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Within the last decades, several studies have been published that prove the benefit of polarisation sensitive optical coherence (psOCT) tomography for the field of biomedical diagnostics. However, polarisation sensitive imaging typically requires careful control of the polarisation state of the input illumination, which leads to bulky and delicate systems. While psOCT provides quantitative information, it is mostly sufficient to analyse the images qualitatively in the field of biomedical diagnostics. Therefore, a reduced form of this technique, cross-polarised optical coherence tomography (cpOCT), moves into the focus of interest that serves to visualise the birefringence properties of a sample. Despite the low requirements for the illumination’s polarisation, most of the proposed systems still include complex illumination control mechanisms. Here, we propose a common path probe based endoscopic system with an lateral resolution of 30 µm and a sensitivity of 103 dB comprising a commercially available swept-source OCT system and a free-space module which does not require any polarisation controlling elements. A Faraday mirror substitutes the complex polarisation control apparatus. We demonstrate the independence of the approach from the polarisation state of the light source by monitoring the illumination power in the orthogonal channels while varying the source polarisation. Furthermore, we validate the ability of the system to reveal the birefringence properties of different samples, starting from a quarter-wave plate, since its properties are fully characterised. Additionally, we present imaging results from several tissues to demonstrate its feasibility for the field of biomedical diagnostics.

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Low cost scalable monolithic common path probe design for the application in endoscopic optical coherence tomography

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Portable Optical Coherence Elastography System With Flexible and Phase Stable Common Path Optical Fiber Probe

Portable Optical Coherence Elastography System With Flexible and Phase Stable Common Path Optical Fiber Probe

Superior Imaging Performance of All-Fiber, Two-Focusing-Element Microendoscopes

Depth encoded input polarisation independent swept source cross-polarised optical coherence tomography probe

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