Low-cost solutions to global warming, air pollution, and energy insecurity for 145 countries

Jacobson, Mark Z.; Krauland, Anna-Katharina von; Coughlin, Stephen J.; Dukas, Emily; Nelson, Alexander J. H.; Palmer, Frances C.; Rasmussen, Kylie R.

doi:10.1039/d2ee00722c

Cited by 78 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…[62] is the most cited article in the field, and it has helped to overcome belief systems and barriers across different fields on a global scale, and to catalyze a global breakthrough of 100% RE. Updated research by Jacobson et al [13], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69] has overcome the previously identified limitations, and has provided more detailed energy system results for almost all countries in the world, as well as grid analyses of 20 or 24 representative regions encompassing the countries. The first study examining specifically 100% renewable transportation was published in 2005 [70].…”

Section: Milestones In the History Of 100% Renewable Energy Systems A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most global models subdivide the world into 12-24 regions as shown in Table 1, which limits their ability to analyze important details. The studies of Jacobson et al [66], [13], [69] performed annual-average 100% RE analyses for 139, 143, or 145 countries, then grouped those countries into 20 or 24 world regions, respectively, for grid analyses at a time resolution of 30 seconds for multiple years. Countries were grouped for grid analyses because currently, many countries are interconnected, and interconnecting reduces costs relative to isolating countries [68].…”

Section: A Global 100% Renewable Energy System Studies and Models Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Bogdanov et al [14], [138] related capex for single-axis tracking PV are also applied, as introduced by Afanasyeva et al [194]. Bogdanov et al [14], [138], and Jacobson et al [13], [67], [68], [195], [69] are the only studies that consider solar PV tracking, leading to higher electricity yields and lower electricity generation cost, which is a major trend in present utility-scale PV power plants [196]. However, even in Bogdanov et al [14], the applied PV capex number does not reflect the latest cost trends, which indicate about 30% lower capex in 2050 for utility-scale PV, i.e.…”

Section: B Solar Pv and Wind Power In Global 100% Renewable Energy Sc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Teske/DLR et al [122], [123], [125] and Luderer et al [146] have a substantial bioenergy share, but respect the 100 EJ/yr limit. However, scenarios without any bioenergy supply, as assumed in the Jacobson et al [13], [61], [62], [63], [65], [66], [69] studies do not lead to least private cost solutions as recently shown in a comparison of model scenarios with and without bioenergy [205], [206]. Even though Jacobson et al do not find least-cost solutions, they perform social cost analyses and find that both annual private and social costs are consistently much lower than in business-as-usual scenarios.…”

Section: B Solar Pv and Wind Power In Global 100% Renewable Energy Sc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In response to Heard et al [227], it was Brown et al [233] who in 2018 provided the first broad overview of 100% RE research and highlighted the technical feasibility in detail, complemented by the response by Diesendorf and Elliston [234]. Also, overall economic feasibility has been shown by several researchers in various studies on the global level by Teske/DLR et al [125], Jacobson et al [13] [65], [66], [69], Bogdanov et al [14], [138], and comparable results have been found for the leading 20 economies [235].…”

Section: Criticism Of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

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Research on 100% renewable energy systems is a relatively recent phenomenon. It was initiated in the mid-1970s, catalyzed by skyrocketing oil prices. Since the mid-2000s, it has quickly evolved into a prominent research field encompassing an expansive and growing number of research groups and organizations across the world. The main conclusion of most of these studies is that 100% renewables is feasible worldwide at low cost. Advanced concepts and methods now enable the field to chart realistic as well as cost-or resource-optimized and efficient transition pathways to a future without the use of fossil fuels. Such proposed pathways in turn, have helped spur 100% renewable energy policy targets and actions, leading to more research. In most transition pathways, solar energy and wind power increasingly emerge as the central pillars of a sustainable energy system combined with energy efficiency measures. Costoptimization modeling and greater resource availability tend to lead to higher solar photovoltaic shares, while emphasis on energy supply diversification tends to point to higher wind power contributions. Recent research has focused on the challenges and opportunities regarding grid congestion, energy storage, sector coupling, electrification of transport and industry implying power-to-X and hydrogen-to-X, and the inclusion of natural and technical carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approaches. The result is a holistic vision of the transition towards a net-negative greenhouse gas emissions economy that can limit global warming to 1.5˚C with a clearly defined carbon budget in a sustainable and cost-effective manner based on 100% renewable energy-industry-CDR systems. Initially, the field encountered very strong skepticism. Therefore, this paper also includes a response to major critiques against 100% renewable energy systems, and also discusses the institutional inertia that hampers adoption by the International Energy Agency and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, as well as possible negative connections to community acceptance and energy justice. We conclude by discussing how this emergent research field can further progress to the benefit of society.

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Section: Milestones In the History Of 100% Renewable Energy Systems A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Global 100% Renewable Energy System Studies and Models Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Solar Pv and Wind Power In Global 100% Renewable Energy Sc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Solar Pv and Wind Power In Global 100% Renewable Energy Sc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Criticism Of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

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Recycled, Contaminated, Crumpled Aluminum Foil‐Driven Triboelectric Nanogenerator

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With rapid urbanization and global population growth, the amount of wasted aluminum foil is significantly increasing. Most deformed and contaminated foil is difficult to recycle; hence, it is landfilled or incinerated, causing environmental pollution. Therefore, using aluminum foil waste for electricity may be conducive to addressing environmental problems. In this regard, various literatures have explored the concept of energy generation using foil, while a crumple ball design for this purpose has not been studied. Thus, a recycled foil‐based crumpled ball triboelectric nanogenerator (RFCB‐TENG) is proposed. The crumpled ball design can minimize the effects of contamination on foil, ensuring efficient power output. Moreover, owing to novel crumpled design, the RFCB‐TENG has some outstanding characteristics to become a sustainable power source, such as ultralight weight, low noise, and high durability. By introducing the air‐breakdown model, the RFCB‐TENG achieved an output peak voltage of 648 V, a current of 8.1 mA cm3, and an optimum power of 162.7 mW cm3. The structure of the RFCB‐TENG is systemically optimized depending on the design parameters to realize the optimum output performance. Finally, the RFCB‐TENG operated 500 LEDs and 30‐W commercial lamps. This work paves the guideline for effectively fabricating the TENG using waste‐materials while exhibiting outstanding characteristics.

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Advances in Blue Energy Fuels: Harvesting Energy from Ocean for Self‐Powered Electrolysis

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Yin,

Wang

et al. 2024

Advanced Energy Materials

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Abstract70% of the earth's surface is covered by the ocean, and it represents a promising and renewable clean energy reservoir that waits for further exploration. Although hydrogen (H2) boasts a high energy density of 143 MJ kg−1 and environmentally friendly attributes, the widespread commercialization of green H2 production remains a formidable challenge. With huge amounts of water, the ocean presents an opportunity for generating H2 fuel through the process of seawater electrolysis. This review introduces ocean‐driven, self‐powered blue energy conversion devices, including triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), magnetoelastic generators (MEGs), and solar cells. They are able to convert renewable energy from the ocean, including water waves, wind, and solar energy, into electricity for on‐site seawater‐splitting and H2 generation. This review systematically reports this compelling approach by introducing the fundamental principles of the devices and showcasing the practical applications. Additionally, aiming to promote future research in the field of sustainable energy, this review also delves into the development of novel ocean energy harvesting systems with high energy conversion efficiency for large‐scale and effective H2 production.

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Low-cost solutions to global warming, air pollution, and energy insecurity for 145 countries

Abstract: Timeline to transition 145 countries to 100% wind-water-solar by 2035, with 80% by 2030.

Cited by 78 publications

References 40 publications

On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research

Recycled, Contaminated, Crumpled Aluminum Foil‐Driven Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Advances in Blue Energy Fuels: Harvesting Energy from Ocean for Self‐Powered Electrolysis

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