Low density lipoprotein-induced lipid accumulation is a key phenomenon of atherogenesis at the arterial cell level

Orekhov, Alexander N.; Myasoedova, Veronika A.

doi:10.20517/2574-1209.2018.80

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Oxidized LDL has been implicated in several facets of the inflammatory process, including the invasion of monocytes and macrophages, their differentiation, and the induction of injury to endothelial cells [31]. It has been proven that oxidized LDL involved in plaque formation in atherosclerosis as it is naturally being considered to play the most important role in lipid storage and inflammation [32] [33]. Previous studies have found that atheroscloresis is related to increase in lipid peroxidation [34] [35] [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes and Serum Selenium Levels in Libyan Atherosclerotic Patients

Alghazeer¹,

Aboulmeedah²,

Elgahmasi³

et al. 2019

JBM

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Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the major source of morbidity and mortality in the developed countries like Libya. Oxidative stress represents a risk factor and plays a key role at several steps of atherosclerosis. Formation of atherosclerotic plaques is the main reason for coronary artery disease. Aim: This study is aimed to assess the impact of the imbalance between body oxidants and antioxidants (oxidative stress) and its involvement in developing and severity of atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic with and without diabetes Libyan patients. Methods: The study sample comprised of atherosclerosis with and without diabetes patients (n = 73), as well as healthy controls (n = 27). Blood samples were collected to determine the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) as oxidative biomarker, serum selenium level, total antioxidant status (TAS) level and some antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Additionally, oxidant/antioxidant status was compared between atherosclerotic patients with and without diabetes in comparison to controls. Results: The results indicated a significant increase in MDA level among atherosclerotic patients compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.05). While the level of TAS, Cat, SOD and GPx was significantly decreased among patients compared to the controls (P < 0.05). For the atherosclerotic diabetic patients, the study was found a rise in the level of MDA as well as a marked decrease in TAS and the activity of tested antioxidant enzymes (P < 0.05). A good correlation was obtained between elevated MDA and decreased TAS, Cat, SOD and GPx. Conclusion: Determination of antioxidative defense markers contributes to understanding the effect of oxidative stress on the development and the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes and Serum Selenium Levels in Libyan Atherosclerotic Patients

Alghazeer¹,

Aboulmeedah²,

Elgahmasi³

et al. 2019

JBM

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“…Particles of LDL circulate in the blood and undergo chemical modifications Abbreviations: bFGF, Basic fibroblast growth factor; CAD, Coronary artery disease; CVD, Cardiovascular disease; GWAS, Genome-wide associations study; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; IL, Interleukin; LDL, Low-density lipoprotein; LDLR, Low-density lipoprotein receptor; lncRNA, Long non-coding RNA; MCP-1, Monocyte chemoattractant factor 1; PDGF, Platelet-derived growth factor; RGN, Regulatory gene networks; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; SNP, Single nucleotide polymorphism; TNF, Tumor necrosis factor. affecting the glycoconjugate, lipid, and protein moieties (Ivanova et al, 2017;Orekhov and Myasoedova, 2019). Noteworthy, it is the multiply modified LDL that was found in the circulation of atherosclerotic patients, and not specific LDL modifications that have been characterized in in vitro experiments, such as oxidized LDL.…”

Section: Cellular Mechanisms Of Atherogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Mechanisms of Human Atherogenesis: Focus on Chronification of Inflammation and Mitochondrial Mutations

et al. 2020

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Atherosclerosis is one of the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system that leads to the development of life-threatening conditions, such as heart attack and stroke. Arthrosclerosis affects various arteries in the human body, but is especially dangerous in the arteries alimenting heart and brain, aorta, and arteries of the lower limbs. By its pathophysiology, atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. During the pathological process, lesions of arterial intima in the form of focal thickening are observed, which form atherosclerotic plaques as the disease progresses further. Given the significance of atherosclerosis for the global health, the search for novel effective therapies is highly prioritized. However, despite the constant progress, our understanding of the mechanisms of atherogenesis is still incomplete. One of the remaining puzzles in atherosclerosis development is the focal distribution of atherosclerotic lesions in the arterial wall. It implies the existence of certain mosaicism within the tissue, with some areas more susceptible to disease development than others, which may prove to be important for novel therapy development. There are many hypotheses explaining this phenomenon, for example, the influence of viruses, and the spread in the endothelium of the vessel multinucleated giant endothelial cells. We suggest the local variations of the mitochondrial genome as a possible explanation of this mosaicism. In this review, we discuss the role of genetic variations in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes that influence the development of atherosclerosis. Changes in the mitochondrial and nuclear genome have been identified as independent factors for the development of the disease, as well as potential diagnostic markers.

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“…HDL may suppress the formation of atherosclerosis as HDL help either in blocking delivery of LDL or may facilitate cholesterol removal from tissues (Chroni, Leondaritis, & Karlsson, 2011;Colwell et al, 1981;Orekhov & Myasoedova, 2019;Vora et al, 1997).…”

Section: Accumulation Of Lipids and Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increase levels of LDL may cause twofold increase of binding of leukocytes to the endothelial cells. HDL may suppress the formation of atherosclerosis as HDL help either in blocking delivery of LDL or may facilitate cholesterol removal from tissues (Chroni, Leondaritis, & Karlsson, 2011; Colwell et al., 1981; Orekhov & Myasoedova, 2019; Vora et al., 1997). Although DM is a state of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism, but it may also result in impaired lipoprotein metabolism, particularly in case of T2DM (Reaven, 1987).…”

Section: Process Of Development Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholesterol being the important component of cell membranes, is importantly transported from both exogenous and endogenous origin to the peripheral cells through apoB-containing lipoproteins in plasma (Ference et al, 2017 (Chroni, Leondaritis, & Karlsson, 2011;Colwell et al, 1981;Orekhov & Myasoedova, 2019;Vora et al, 1997).…”

Section: Accumulation Of Lipids and Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathophysiology of atherosclerosis: Association of risk factors and treatment strategies using plant‐based bioactive compounds

et al. 2020

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Under physiological conditions, endothelial cells act as protective barrier which prevents direct contact of blood with circulating factors via production of tissue plasminogen activator. Risk factors of metabolic disorders are responsible to induce endothelial dysfunction and may consequently lead to prognosis of atherosclerosis. This article summarizes the process of atherosclerosis which involves number of sequences including formation and interaction of AGE-RAGE, activation of polyol pathway, protein kinase C, and hexosamine-mediated pathway. All these mechanisms can lead to the development of oxidative stress which may further aggravate condition. Different pharmacological interventions are being used to treat atherosclerosis, however, these might be associated with mild to severe side effects. Therefore, plantbased bioactive compounds having potential to combat and prevent atherosclerosis in diabetic patients are attaining recent focus. By understanding process of development and mechanisms involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation, these bioactive compounds can be better option for future therapeutic interventions for atherosclerosis treatment.

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Low density lipoprotein-induced lipid accumulation is a key phenomenon of atherogenesis at the arterial cell level

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes and Serum Selenium Levels in Libyan Atherosclerotic Patients

Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes and Serum Selenium Levels in Libyan Atherosclerotic Patients

Cellular Mechanisms of Human Atherogenesis: Focus on Chronification of Inflammation and Mitochondrial Mutations

Pathophysiology of atherosclerosis: Association of risk factors and treatment strategies using plant‐based bioactive compounds

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