Low Dietary Magnesium and Overweight/Obesity in a Mediterranean Population: A Detrimental Synergy for the Development of Hypertension. The SUN Project

Domínguez, Ligia J.; Gea, Alfredo; Ruiz-Estigarribia, Liz; Sayón-Orea, Carmen; Fresán, Ujué; Barbagallo, Mario; Ruiz‐Canela, Miguel; Martínez‐González, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.3390/nu13010125

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) project, during a mean of 9.6 years follow-up of 14,057 adults dietary magnesium intake below 200 mg/d was associated with the risk of incident hypertension, stronger for overweight/obese participants. 41 In a systematic review of 32 randomized clinical trials, magnesium supplementation (48–450 mg/d) resulted in a reduction in BMI of 0.21 kg/m 2 . 37 The beneficial effect was mainly observed among those with magnesium deficiency and obesity at baseline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Magnesium is Inversely Associated with Body Composition and Metabolic Syndrome

Shammaa¹,

Al-Thani²,

Al-Kaabi³

et al. 2023

DMSO

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Purpose Magnesium is vital to maintain normal physiological functions. We aimed to identify the association between serum magnesium and different measures of body adiposity among Qatari adults. We hypothesized that the association was mediated by depression and sleep duration. Patients and Methods The study included 1000 adults aged 20 years and above who attended the Qatar Biobank Study (QBB) between 2012 and 2019. Body adiposity was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Serum magnesium concentration was measured. Sub-optimal magnesium was defined as magnesium concentration less than 0.85 mmol/L. The association was examined using linear regression. Results The mean age of the participants (n=1000) was 35.8 (SD 10.3) years. More than half of the participants had sub-optimal magnesium concentrations (60.2% in men and 52.3% in women). Serum magnesium was inversely associated with different types of fat mass. In the fully adjusted model, per 1 SD increment of serum magnesium had standardized regression coefficients of −0.09 (p 0.005) for total fat mass, −0.08 (p 0.008) for trunk fat, −0.09 (p 0.003) for gynoid fat and −0.08 (p 0.008) for android fat. There was no gender difference in the association. The inverse association between serum magnesium and fat mass was significant in those with sleep duration ≥7 hours but not in those <7 hours. Depressive symptom and sleep did not mediate the association between serum magnesium and fat mass. Serum magnesium was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome (per 1 SD increment had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.70 (95% CI 0.57–0.85)). Conclusion There was an inverse association between serum magnesium and fat mass, especially among those with an adequate sleep duration and without chronic conditions including diabetes, hypertension and depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Magnesium is Inversely Associated with Body Composition and Metabolic Syndrome

Shammaa¹,

Al-Thani²,

Al-Kaabi³

et al. 2023

DMSO

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“…A total of 36,081 participants were included in this study. We excluded (a) 38,807 respondents who lacked follow-up; (b) 149 respondents whose age at the time of death was less than 35 years; (c) 5803 respondents whose dietary zinc/vitamin B6 intake was 0 or deficient; (d) 3573 respondents who reported total energy intake exceeding predetermined limits (<500 or >3500 kcal/day for women and <800 or >4000 kcal/day for men) or total energy intake deficit [ 18 ]; (e) 7641 respondents who had been diagnosed with congestive heart failure/coronary artery disease/angina/heart attack/stroke; (f) 8 respondents with missing sample weights. The detailed exclusion criteria for inclusion are shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Dietary Zinc–Vitamin B6 Ratio with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016

Zhang

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Previous studies have suggested a possible association among dietary zinc and vitamin B6 intake and CVD mortality and all-cause mortality. However, evidence on the association of dietary zinc and vitamin B6 intake and their interactions with CVD mortality and all-cause mortality remains unclear. This prospective study utilized data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2016. After a median follow-up of 10.4 years, 4757 deaths were recorded among 36,081 participants. Higher dietary zinc intake levels (≥9.87 mg/day) were associated with lower CVD mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83–0.87). Vitamin B6 intake levels (≥1.73 mg/day) were associated with lower CVD mortality (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96) and all-cause mortality (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.90–0.93). Higher dietary zinc intake and higher vitamin B6 intake were associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, with an interaction between dietary zinc intake levels and vitamin B intake levels (LZLV group (HR, CI): 1.21,1.12–1.29; LZHV group (HR, CI): 1.42, 1.34–1.50; LZHV group (HR, CI): 1.28, 1.14–1.45; HZHV group (HR, CI): ref). There was also a J-type association (p for nonlinear < 0.001) between the dietary zinc–vitamin B6 ratio and CVD mortality, with a high dietary zinc–vitamin B6 ratio increasing the risk of CVD mortality (HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.19–1.35), whereas a moderate dietary zinc–vitamin B6 ratio appeared to be beneficial for CVD mortality. These results suggest that increasing the appropriate proportion of dietary zinc and vitamin B6 intake is associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality. Furthermore, precise and representative studies are needed to verify our findings.

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“…While Mg supplements tend to protect against myopathy and have only brief diarrhea or moderate gastrointestinal distress as a side effect, statins elevate hepatic enzymes, may lead to myopathy, and have many additional side effects [ 116 , 119 , 123 , 131 , 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 ] ( Table S1 ). Statins and normal Mg levels work both to prevent blood coagulation, reduce inflammation, and prevent atherogenesis formation [ 114 , 115 , 117 , 118 , 129 , 132 , 179 ].…”

Section: Statin Vs Magnesium Comparison For Cholesterol Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Link between Magnesium Supplements and Statin Medication in Dyslipidemic Patients

Nartea

Mitoiu

Ghiorghiu

2023

CIMB

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Many investigations have discovered a connection between statins and magnesium supplements. On one hand, increasing research suggests that chronic hypomagnesemia may be an important factor in the etiology of some metabolic illnesses, including obesity and overweight, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, alterations in lipid metabolism, and low-grade inflammation. Chronic metabolic problems seem to be prevented by a high Mg intake combined with diet and/or supplements. On the other hand, it is known that statins lower the frequency of cardiac events, stroke, and mortality, not by lowering LDL-C, but by the capacity to reduce mevalonate formation. That will enhance endothelial function, inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and encourage macrophages to promote plaque stability and regression while reducing inflammation. Taking these factors into consideration, we did an extensive analysis of the relevant literature, comparing the effects of Mg2 and statin medications on lipoproteins and, implicitly, on the key enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism.

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Low Dietary Magnesium and Overweight/Obesity in a Mediterranean Population: A Detrimental Synergy for the Development of Hypertension. The SUN Project

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

Serum Magnesium is Inversely Associated with Body Composition and Metabolic Syndrome

Serum Magnesium is Inversely Associated with Body Composition and Metabolic Syndrome

Associations of Dietary Zinc–Vitamin B6 Ratio with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016

The Link between Magnesium Supplements and Statin Medication in Dyslipidemic Patients

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