Low dietary protein during early pregnancy alters bovine placental development

Perry, V.E.A.; Norman, Scott; Owen, John; Daniel, R.C.W.; Phillips, Nancy J.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4320(98)00157-2

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It could, therefore, be expected that their kids' birth weights should be different from those of CS and ARS. The lack of significant difference may be explained by other reports (Robinson, 1990;Wallace et al, 1997;Perry et al, 1999;Robinson et al, 1999;Wallace et al, 1999), that indicated that nutrient restriction at midpregnancy in sheep and cattle may enhance foetal growth by stimulating placental growth and function. Thus, in the present study, BRS and UC may have developed more placental mass in order to increase nutrient supply to the foetus.…”

Section: Start Of Mating Weaningmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of supplementation on reproduction of wet season kidding Tswana goats

Madibela¹,

Mosimanyana²,

Boitumelo³

et al. 2002

SA J. An. Sci.

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Seventy-seven mature Tswana goats were used to investigate the effect of supplementation on reproduction of wet season kidding animals. Treatments groups with similar weights were: Unsupplemented Control (UC), Continuous Supplementation (CS), Before Rain Supplementation (BRS) and After Rain Supplementation (ARS). Fertility rate, kidding rate, kid survival rate and doe weight at weaning were similar between the three treatments and the control. Kid birth weights did not differ between treatment groups. Doe parturition weight was higher in CS and lowest in BRS. Kid average daily gain (ADG) and weaning weight were significantly higher for CS and ARS while they ranked low, but similar between BRS and the control groups. Among ARS animals, doe parturition weight and birth weight tended to be correlated. Kid birth weight was positively correlated with growth rate in the ARS treatment. Productivity index (PI) for CS was high but similar to that of ARS. However PI's for BRS, ARS and the control groups were similar. Average daily gain (104.0±4.3 vs. 69.8±2.8 g/d) differed between singles and multiples. Survival rates were similar (91.9 vs. 93.9%) between multiples and singles. This study demonstrated that supplementary feeding can offset the detrimental effects of both maternal and offspring undernutrition during the critical stages of the reproductive cycle of goats.

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Section: Start Of Mating Weaningmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of supplementation on reproduction of wet season kidding Tswana goats

Madibela¹,

Mosimanyana²,

Boitumelo³

et al. 2002

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…Variation in feed energy available to the dam during this period resulted in differences in birth weight, ranging from 0 to 8.2 kg (Dunn et al, 1969;Tudor, 1972;Laster, 1974;Corah et al, 1975;Bellows and Short, 1978;Kroker and Cummins, 1979;Bellows et al, 1982). Similarly, variable protein supply of the diet during the third trimester may or may not (Anthony et al, 1986a;Holland and Odde, 1992) alter birth weight of calves, while restricted or supplemental dietary protein during early or mid-pregnancy had little effect on birth weights (Perry et al, 1999 and. Furthermore, supplementation of grazing cows for 3 months pre-partum with 0.45 kg/day of 42% crude protein supplement did not affect calf birth weights (Stalker et al, 2006).…”

Section: Intrauterine Growth Retardationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because the bovine placenta may continue to increase in mass until near term, it is less clear whether the placenta regulates bovine foetal growth to the same extent as it does in sheep (Ferrell, 1989). Placental characteristics may be altered by nutrition during early and mid-pregnancy without significantly affecting foetal size (Rasby et al, 1990), and protein supplementation of cows during early or mid-pregnancy may also alter placental characteristics without necessarily affecting birth weight (Perry et al, 1999 and.…”

Section: Intrauterine Growth Retardationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal and pre-weaning growth and nutrition of cattle: long-term consequences for beef production

Greenwood

Café

2007

Animal

153

113

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Severe, chronic growth retardation of cattle early in life reduces growth potential, resulting in smaller animals at any given age. Capacity for long-term compensatory growth diminishes as the age of onset of nutritional restriction resulting in prolonged growth retardation declines. Hence, more extreme intrauterine growth retardation can result in slower growth throughout postnatal life. However, within the limits of beef production systems, neither severely restricted growth in utero nor from birth to weaning influences efficiency of nutrient utilisation later in life. Retail yield from cattle severely restricted in growth during pregnancy or from birth to weaning is reduced compared with cattle well grown early in life, when compared at the same age later in life. However, retail yield and carcass composition of low-and high-birth-weight calves are similar at the same carcass weight. At equivalent carcass weights, cattle grown slowly from birth to weaning have carcasses of similar or leaner composition than those grown rapidly. However, if high energy, concentrate feed is provided following severe growth restriction from birth to weaning, then at equivalent weights post-weaning the slowly-grown, small weaners may be fatter than their well-grown counterparts. Restricted prenatal and pre-weaning nutrition and growth do not adversely affect measures of beef quality. Similarly, bovine myofibre characteristics are little affected in the long term by growth in utero or from birth to weaning. Interactions were not evident between prenatal and pre-weaning growth for subsequent growth, efficiency, carcass, yield and beef-quality characteristics, within our pasture-based production systems. Furthermore, interactions between genotype and nutrition early in life, studied using offspring of Piedmontese and Wagyu sired cattle, were not evident for any growth, efficiency, carcass, yield and beef-quality parameters. We propose that within pasture-based production systems for beef cattle, the plasticity of the carcass tissues, particularly of muscle, allows animals that are growth-retarded early in life to attain normal composition at equivalent weights in the long term, albeit at older ages. However, the quality of nutrition during recovery from early life growth retardation may be important in determining the subsequent composition of young, light-weight cattle relative to their heavier counterparts. Finally, it should be emphasised that long-term consequences of more specific and/or acute environmental influences during specific stages of embryonic, foetal and neonatal calf development remain to be determined. This need for further research extends to consequences of nutrition and growth early in life for reproductive capacity.

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“…Based on our former studies (Perry et al ., 1999; Sullivan et al ., 2009b; Micke et al ., 2010a; Micke et al ., 2015), we hypothesise that low protein in the first trimester will enhance placental development and in the second trimester will result in reduced growth and carcass muscling in the offspring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased dietary protein in the second trimester of gestation increases live weight gain and carcass composition in weaner calves to 6 months of age

Miguel-Pacheco

Curtain

Knott

et al. 2017

Animal

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Genetically similar nulliparous Polled Hereford heifers from a closed pedigree herd were used to evaluate the effects of dietary protein during the first and second trimester of gestation upon foetal, placental and postnatal growth. Heifers were randomly allocated into two groups at 35 days after artificial insemination (35 days post conception (dpc)) to a single bull and fed high (15.7% CP) or low (5.9% CP) protein in the first trimester (T1). At 90 dpc, half of each nutritional treatment group changed to a high- or low-protein diet for the second trimester until 180 dpc (T2). High protein intake in the second trimester increased birth weight in females (P=0.05), but there was no effect of treatment upon birth weight when taken over both sexes. Biparietal diameter was significantly increased by high protein in the second trimester with the effect being greater in the female (P=0.02), but also significant overall (P=0.05). Placental weight was positively correlated with birth weight, fibroblast volume and relative blood vessel volume (P<0.05). Placental fibroblast density was increased and trophoblast volume decreased in the high-protein first trimester treatment group (P<0.05). There was a trend for placental weight to be increased by high protein in the second trimester (P=0.06). Calves from heifers fed the high-protein treatment in the second trimester weighed significantly more on all occasions preweaning (at 1 month (P=0.0004), 2 months (P=0.006), 3 months (P=0.002), 4 months (P=0.01), 5 months (P=0.03), 6 months (P=0.001)), and grew at a faster rate over the 6-month period. By 6 months of age, the calves from heifers fed high nutrition in the second trimester weighed 33 kg heavier than those fed the low diet in the second trimester. These results suggest that dietary protein in early pregnancy alters the development of the bovine placenta and calf growth to weaning.

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Low dietary protein during early pregnancy alters bovine placental development

Cited by 46 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of supplementation on reproduction of wet season kidding Tswana goats

Effect of supplementation on reproduction of wet season kidding Tswana goats

Prenatal and pre-weaning growth and nutrition of cattle: long-term consequences for beef production

Increased dietary protein in the second trimester of gestation increases live weight gain and carcass composition in weaner calves to 6 months of age

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