Low Dietary Sodium Intake Increases the Death Risk in Peritoneal Dialysis

Dong, Jie; Li, Yanjun; Yang, Zhikai; Luo, Jianfeng

doi:10.2215/cjn.05410709

Cited by 66 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[8][9][10] Concerns about low-salt diets were first raised by Meneely et al 13 and Dahl and Love, 14 who linked decreased salt intake to growth failure and increased mortality in rats. Dong et al 15 revealed that low dietary salt intake independently predicts the high overall and cardiovascular mortality of dialysis patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low daily salt intake is correlated with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both high and low salt intakes have been reported to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between daily salt intake and albuminuria, a marker of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease, in patients with type 2 diabetes. We classified 270 patients with type 2 diabetes, who were not receiving antihypertensive medication into four groups according to their daily salt intake (o8, 8-10, 10-12 and 412 g per day). We investigated the relationship between daily salt intake and the logarithm of urinary albumin excretion (UAE). A multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate whether daily salt intake independently correlated with the logarithm of UAE. In addition, we assessed the contribution of the variables, including age, sex, duration of diabetes, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A 1C , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, serum creatinine, alcohol intake, smoking status and square of (daily salt intake À10) on albuminuria, defined as a UAE430 mg g À1 of creatinine, using a multiple logistic regression analysis. The logarithm of the UAE was lowest in the third quartile of daily salt intake. The multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the logarithm of the UAE was significantly correlated with the quadratic term of daily salt intake centered at 10 g per day (b ¼ 0.170, P ¼ 0.008). The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of albuminuria was 3.996 (1.295-12.327; P ¼ 0.016) in patients whose daily salt intake was less than 8 g per day compared with patients whose daily salt intake was 10-12 g per day. In conclusion, low daily salt intake was correlated with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes, who were not receiving antihypertensive medication.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low daily salt intake is correlated with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One of the studies that used food records also asked participants to alter their diet to facilitate measurement of Na intake. 65 Although most studies did not provide the level of information required to assess whether systematic error was present, we identified evidence of it in 1 study that used 24-hour urine collections and in 5 that used dietary surveys. One study showed evidence of undercollection of 24-hour urine samples: In men, creatinine excretion levels differed by 24.8% between the lowest and highest tertiles of Na intake, whereas weight differed by just 9.8% in these tertiles 47 ( Figure; online-only Data Supplement Table 2a).…”

Section: Domain 1: Errors With the Greatest Potential To Alter The DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological Issues in Cohort Studies That Relate Sodium Intake to Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes

Cobb¹,

Anderson²,

Elliott³

et al. 2014

Circulation

268

243

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background-The results of cohort studies relating sodium (Na) intake to blood pressure-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) are inconsistent. To understand whether methodological issues account for the inconsistency, we reviewed the quality of these studies. Methods and Results-We reviewed cohort studies that examined the association between Na and CVD. We then identified methodological issues with greatest potential to alter the direction of association (reverse causality, systematic error in Na assessment), some potential to alter the direction of association (residual confounding, inadequate follow-up), and the potential to yield false null results (random error in Na assessment, insufficient power). We included 26 studies with 31 independent analyses. Of these, 13 found direct associations between Na and CVD, 8 found inverse associations, 2 found J-shaped associations, and 8 found null associations only. On average there were 3 to 4 methodological issues per study. Issues with greater potential to alter the direction of association were present in all but 1 of the 26 studies (systematic error, 22; reverse causality, 16). Issues with lesser potential to alter the direction of association were present in 18 studies, whereas those with potential to yield false null results were present in 23. Conclusions-Methodological issues may account for the inconsistent findings in currently available observational studies relating Na to CVD. Until well-designed cohort studies in the general population are available, it remains appropriate to base Na guidelines on the robust body of evidence linking Na with elevated blood pressure and the few existing general population trials of the effects of Na reduction on CVD. The American Heart Association makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or business interest of a member of the writing panel. Specifically, all members of the writing group are required to complete and submit a Disclosure Questionnaire showing all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest.This statement was approved by the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee on September 26, 2013. A copy of the document is available at http://my.americanheart.org/statements by selecting either the "By Topic" link or the "By Publication Date" link. To purchase additional reprints, call 843-216-2533 or e-mail kelle.ramsay@wolterskluwer.com.The American Heart Association requests that this document be cited as follows: Cobb LK, Anderson CAM, Elliott P, Hu FB, Liu K, Neaton JD, Whelton PK, Woodward M, Appel LJ; on behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Lifestyle and Metabolic Health. Methodological issues in cohort studies that relate sodium intake to cardiovascular disease outcomes: a science advisory from the American Heart Association.

show abstract

“…8,26,27 There is no metabolic or pathological reason for not giving a standard energy intake to stable adult maintenance dialysis patients. Indeed, their metabolic needs, based on resting energy expenditure, are similar to those of normal adults, that is, 35 kcal/kg BW/day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily Dietary Energy and Macronutrient Intake and Anthropometric Measurements of the Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: This study was planned to investigate the relation between dietary macronutrient status and anthropometric measurements in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Materials and methods: A total of 28 clinically stable patients were enrolled in this study. All patients were taken a dietary therapy according to the guidelines of the American Journal of Kidney Foundation for 12 weeks. The anthropometric measurements were taken by bioelectrical impedance analyzer. The daily macronutrient intakes of the patients were calculated by the food consumption records. Results: The mean age was 48.3 AE 13.10 years [56.3 AE 7.41 years for males (n ¼ 14) and 40.3 AE 12.84 years for females (n ¼ 14)]. There were significant changes in fat percentage (%), total body water (TBW; %, L), extracellular water (ECW; %, L), basal metabolic rate over body weight (BMR/BW), and body fat mass index (BMFI) in males (p < 0.05), but there was no change in females (p > 0.05). The daily dietary energy and protein intakes were under the recommended level in the study period. Conclusion: Patients undergoing PD frequently have low intakes of protein and energy. It is recommended that individuals undergoing PD periodically maintain 3-day dietary records followed by dietary interviews conducted by a dietitian.

show abstract

Low Dietary Sodium Intake Increases the Death Risk in Peritoneal Dialysis

Cited by 66 publications

References 36 publications

Low daily salt intake is correlated with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes

Low daily salt intake is correlated with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes

Methodological Issues in Cohort Studies That Relate Sodium Intake to Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes

Daily Dietary Energy and Macronutrient Intake and Anthropometric Measurements of the Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About