Low-dose hormone therapy in postmenopausal women in China

Hong, Zhigang; Hong, Seonki; Speroff, Leon

doi:10.3109/13697130903395201

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In our previous metabolomics studies of estrogen intervention in menopausal rat models, we found that estrogen (Nilestriol) could increase urine and serum lactate levels, which could increase the risk of breast cancer (Cheng, 1993;Liu, Huang, Xiao, Yang, & Dong, 2014b;Liu et al, 2014aLiu et al, , 2014cZang, Shi, & Speroff, 2010). Thus, it is necessary to investigate other effective substitute therapies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

1H-NMR and HPLC–MS/MS-based global/targeted metabolomic evaluation of Hypericum perforatum L. intervention for menopause

Liu

Xiao²,

Yang³

et al. 2015

Journal of Functional Foods

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

1H-NMR and HPLC–MS/MS-based global/targeted metabolomic evaluation of Hypericum perforatum L. intervention for menopause

Liu

Xiao²,

Yang³

et al. 2015

Journal of Functional Foods

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“…15 Nylestriol with adequate calcium and vitamin D intake could increase BMD at the lumbar spine, neck, and hip and decrease bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women. 16 To the best of authors' knowledge, there have been no previous studies on the protective effect of the combination of simvastatin and nylestriol. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of simvastatin and combination of simvastatin and nylestriol on bone metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, thus further clarifying the efficacy of statins and combination therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Simvastatin and Combination of Simvastatin and Nylestriol on Bone Metabolism in Ovariectomized Rats

Li¹,

Lin²,

Xie³

et al. 2016

American Journal of Therapeutics

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We aim to compare the effects of simvastatin and combination of simvastatin and nylestriol on bone metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Fifty healthy Wistar female rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups: sham + saline group (group A), OVX + saline group (group B), OVX + simvastatin (5 mg·kg·d) (group C), OVX + nylestriol (0.01 mg·kg·d) (group D), and OVX + simvastatin (3 mg·kg·d) + nylestriol (0.005 mg·kg·d) (group E). All mice were orally administrated with saline or medicine dissolved in saline for 10 weeks. Body weight of rats before and after the experiment was measured. Twenty-four hours after the experiment, calcium (Ca), creatinine (Cr), and hydroxyproline in urine were detected. Serum levels of osteocalcin (bone Gla-protein, BGP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured. Bone mineral density was detected and trabecular bone was observed after the isolation of femur and tibia. Remarkably decreased serum BGP and increased serum ALP levels were detected in group B compared with those in group A. However, notably increased serum BGP and decreased serum ALP levels were found in groups C, D, and E compared with those in group B; femoral and tibial bone mineral density decreased in group B compared with that in group A, but increased in groups C, D, and E compared with that in group B. Simvastatin and combination of simvastatin and nylestriol promote formation of new bone, increase bone density, and improve bone microstructure damage in OVX rats.

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“…The most prescribed oral dose of CEE (0.625 mg) leads to supraphysiologic plasma levels of estrogen in both postmenopausal women (Sarrel et al, 1998) and animal models (Costa et al, 2015), which may increase estrogenassociated side effects and contribute to the prothrombotic effects associated with HT. For that reason, there is increasing interest in applying lower-doses of HT in postmenopausal women (Gambacciani et al, 2003a;Peeyananjarassri and Baber, 2005;Zang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment with Standard and Low Dose of Conjugated Equine Estrogen Differentially Modulates Estrogen Receptor Expression and Response to Angiotensin II in Mesenteric Venular Bed of Surgically Postmenopausal Hypertensive Rats

Araujo

Costa

Echem

et al. 2017

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Standard hormone therapy for menopausal women [conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) 0.625 mg] has been associated with increased risk of venous thrombosis. Regimens containing a lower CEE dose (0.30 mg) have been used clinically to decrease side effects of supraphysiologic doses of estrogen. In this study, we determined the effects of standard (SD) and low dose (LD) of CEE on venular function in ovariectomized (OVX) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Contractions by angiotensin-II (Ang-II 10 M) in perfused mesenteric venular bed were markedly increased in OVX (21.5 ± 1.3 mmHg) compared with Sham (14.7 ± 1.1 mm Hg, < 0.05). CEE-SD did not modify Ang-II responses in OVX, whereas CEE-LD restored Ang-II contraction to Sham levels. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibition by L-NAME increased Ang-II contractions in Sham and CEE-LD and was without effect in venules of OVX SHR and CEE-SD. In OVX there was decreased NO generation in association with diminished eNOS phosphorylation and increased O generation in the venular wall. CEE-LD reverted the deleterious effects of ovariectomy. Although CEE-SD augmented eNOS phosphorylation in OVX, it was unable to increase NO levels, probably owing to its inability to reduce O Distinct effects by CEE-SD and CEE-LD parallel the differential modulation of Ang-II and estrogen receptors. Compared with Sham, CEE-LD increases Ang II receptor type 2, whereas CEE-SD modified ER expression in the venous bed. Interestingly, both CEE doses increased G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in OVX. Our data suggest that estrogen dose is an important factor for venous function. Although CEE-LD reversed deleterious effects of OVX, CEE-SD showed null effects despite its ability to increase eNOS activity.

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Low-dose hormone therapy in postmenopausal women in China

Abstract: More RCTs are required to confirm efficacy and to assess the safety of low- or ultra-low-dose HT for a long-term period in a large group of postmenopausal women.

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

1H-NMR and HPLC–MS/MS-based global/targeted metabolomic evaluation of Hypericum perforatum L. intervention for menopause

1H-NMR and HPLC–MS/MS-based global/targeted metabolomic evaluation of Hypericum perforatum L. intervention for menopause

Effects of Simvastatin and Combination of Simvastatin and Nylestriol on Bone Metabolism in Ovariectomized Rats

Treatment with Standard and Low Dose of Conjugated Equine Estrogen Differentially Modulates Estrogen Receptor Expression and Response to Angiotensin II in Mesenteric Venular Bed of Surgically Postmenopausal Hypertensive Rats

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