Low Dose Naltrexone for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Turel, Anthony P.; Oh, Keun Hee; Zagon, Ian S.; McLaughlin, Patricia J.

doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000373

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…W 2015 r. opublikowano badania retrospektywne, przeprowadzone w okresie 7 lat (od 1 stycznia 2005 r. do 31 maja 2012 r.), w których zweryfikowano dane medyczne 215 pacjentów (8-65 lat) leczonych LDN (3,5 mg raz na dobę, doustnie) [21]. Badanie pokazało, że 75% uczestników stwierdziło stabilizację lub poprawę jakości życia (ang.…”

Section: Zastosowanie Ldn W Stwardnieniu Rozsianym (Ang Multiple Sclunclassified

Low Dose Naltrexone - Efficacy and safety of off-label use therapy.

Stańczak¹

2020

Farm Pol.

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Low Dose Naltrexone-Efficacy and safety of off-label use therapy • Naltrexone is well-known opioid antagonist used in chronic or acute states of abuse, respectively. Nowadays the low doses of this drug are gaining popularity among researchers, doctors and patients seeking alternatives to well-known and widely used therapies in various indications. The low-dose naltrexone (LDN) is the therapy which involving the use of naltrexone at daily doses 10 times lower or even lower (usually 1 mg-5 mg) than in the approved by Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. The therapy is usually prepared by using pure substance (obtained from manufacturer) or by preparing appropriate dosage from drug available on the market. In accordance with available reports low dosage of naltrexone may acts through short-term and intermittent binding to opioid receptors causes a compensatory increase in endogenous opioids including β-endorphins and increase in expression of μ and δ receptors. The LDN also binds briefly the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr), causing blockage of binding to opioid growth factor (OGF, met-enkephalin). The researchers also believe that low-dose naltrexone is antagonist of TLR4 receptor and acts as glial cells modulator. Based on the mechanism of action of low-doses of naltrexone, which is not fully known, researchers are trying to confirm reports concerning the efficacy and safety of the therapy in many diseases, including autoimmune disorders (including Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis), fibromyalgia and chronic pain, cancer or dermatological diseases. The safety profile of naltrexone at standard doses (50-100 mg) is well known when the drug is used in accordance with registered indications. The information on the safety of LDN treatment protocol is still limited and the data collected is insufficient. Preliminary reports may suggest that treatment is relatively safe however, to confirm safety profile and effects of chronic use it is necessary to conduct extensive, long-term studies in large, varied populations. Despite the lack of registration in any indication and necessity of conducting extensive research on the safety and effectiveness of its use, this therapy has gained a wide range of supporters among both doctors and patients and has been adopted as an alternative off-label treatment. If the effectiveness and safety of LDN are confirmed, it will be undoubtedly a breakthrough therapy, willingly used by patients around the world due to its low cost, availability, safety profile and easy to use.

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Section: Zastosowanie Ldn W Stwardnieniu Rozsianym (Ang Multiple Sclunclassified

Low Dose Naltrexone - Efficacy and safety of off-label use therapy.

Stańczak¹

2020

Farm Pol.

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“…35 No serious adverse effects were recorded and patients reported that fatigue levels were stable or decreased, and perceived quality of life was stable. Moreover, patients identified with clinically isolated syndrome (one of the first indications of MS) and treated with LDN had no adverse reaction to the biotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term treatment with low dose naltrexone maintains stable health in patients with multiple sclerosis

Ludwig

Turel

Zagon

et al. 2016

Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Cl

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IntroductionA retrospective study was conducted on patients at Penn State Hershey Medical Center diagnosed with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis between 2006 and 2015.MethodologyLaboratory and clinical data collected over this 10-year period were reviewed. Two cohorts of patients were established based on their relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis therapy at the time of their first visit to Penn State. One group of patients (n = 23) was initially prescribed low dose naltrexone at the time first seen at Hershey. This group was offered low dose naltrexone because of symptoms of fatigue or refusal to take an available disease-modifying therapy. The second group of patients (n = 31) was treated with the glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) and offered low dose naltrexone as an adjunct therapy to their disease-modifying therapy.ResultsPatient data from visits after 1–50 months post-diagnosis were evaluated in a retrospective manner. Data obtained from patient charts included clinical laboratory values from standard blood tests, timed 25-foot walking trials, and changes in magnetic resonance imaging reports. Statistical analyses between the groups and for each patient over time indicated no significant differences in clinical laboratory values, timed walking, or changes in magnetic resonance imaging.ConclusionThese data suggest that the apparently non-toxic, inexpensive, biotherapeutic is safe and if taken alone did not result in an exacerbation of disease symptoms.

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“…[36, 41–44] Interestingly, short term blockade of the OGFR by low doses of naltrexone results in upregulation of the OGFR signaling axis and causes a reduction in tumor growth. [45, 46] This is being explored for the treatment of several cancers,[47–51] as well as other diseases[52–56] and is termed “low-dose naltrexone therapy”. [57]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective opioid growth factor receptor antagonists based on a stilbene isostere

Stockdale

Titunick

Biegler

et al. 2017

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry

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As part of an ongoing drug development effort aimed at selective opioid receptor ligands based on the pawhuskin natural products we have synthesized a small set of amide isosteres. These amides were centered on lead compounds which are selective antagonists for the delta and kappa opioid receptors. The amide isomers revealed here show dramatically different activity from the parent stilbene compounds. Three of the isomers synthesized showed antagonist activity for the opioid growth factor (OGF)/opioid growth factor receptor (OGFR) axis which is involved in cellular and organ growth control. This cellular signaling mechanism is targeted by “low-dose” naltrexone therapy which is being tested clinically for multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease, cancer, and wound healing disorders. The compounds described here are the first selective small molecule ligands for the OGF/OGFR system and will serve as important leads and probes for further study.

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Low Dose Naltrexone for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

Low Dose Naltrexone - Efficacy and safety of off-label use therapy.

Low Dose Naltrexone - Efficacy and safety of off-label use therapy.

Long-term treatment with low dose naltrexone maintains stable health in patients with multiple sclerosis

Selective opioid growth factor receptor antagonists based on a stilbene isostere

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