Low-Dose Radiation Exposure with 56MnO2 Powder Changes Gene Expressions in the Testes and the Prostate in Rats

Fujimoto, Nariaki; Amantayeva, Gaukhar; Chaizhunussova, Nailya; Shabdarbayeva, Dariya; Abishev, Zhaslan; Ruslanova, Bakhyt; Zhunussov, Yersin; Azhimkhanov, Almas; Zhumadilov, Kassym; Petukhov, A.D.; Степаненко, В Ф; Hoshi, Masaharu

doi:10.3390/ijms21144989

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, later studies by Fujimoto et al. [ 39 , 40 ] reported that such strong differences of the pathological effects were not observed. Shichijo et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The overview of neutron-induced 56Mn radioactive microparticle effects in experimental animals and related studies

Hoshi

2022

Journal of Radiation Research

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Investigation into the risks associated with radiation exposure has been carried out on those exposed to radiation in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Semipalatinsk and other parts of the world. These risks are used as a guidance standard for the protection for radiation workers and the general public when exposed to radiation, and it sets upper regulatory limits for the amount of radiation exposure. However, the effects of internal exposure to radioactive microparticles have not been considered in these studies. These effects cannot be ignored since the exposure dose increases are inversely proportional to the square of the distance to the vicinity of the particles and can exceed tens of thousands of mGy. So far, only retrospective studies of people who have been exposed to radiation have been conducted, therefore we hypothesized that animal experiments would be necessary to investigate these effects. As a result, we found specific effects of radioactive microparticles. One particularly noteworthy finding was that internal exposure to radioactive microparticles resulted in pathological changes that were more than 20 times greater than those caused by the same level of external exposure. In contrast, there were other results that showed no such effects, and the reasons for this discrepancy need to be clarified. We also conducted RNA expression experiments and found that there was a difference between external exposure to 60Co gamma rays and internal exposure to 56Mn microparticles. In the future, we will need to study the mechanisms behind these findings. If the mechanism can be confirmed, it is expected to lead to the development of protective and therapeutic methods.

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“…However, later studies by Fujimoto et al. [ 39 , 40 ] reported that such strong differences of the pathological effects were not observed. Shichijo et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the same study, the mRNA expression of testicular marker protein genes and prostate secretory protein genes were quantified by Q-RT-PCR [ 40 ]. Gene expression of steroidogenesis-related enzymes, Cyp17a1 and Hsd3b1, was decreased in testes exposed to 56 MnO 2 on day 3 post-exposure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The overview of neutron-induced 56Mn radioactive microparticle effects in experimental animals and related studies

Hoshi

2022

Journal of Radiation Research

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“…The animal experiment design was previously described 5 , 31 . Specific pathogen-free male Wistar rats (10 weeks old) were purchased from the Kazakh Scientific Center of Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological impacts on the lungs in rats internally exposed to radioactive 56MnO2 particle

Fujimoto

Ruslanova

Abishev

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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To understand the radiation effects of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki among the survivors, radiation from neutron-induced radioisotopes in soil should be considered in addition to the initial radiation directly received from the bombs. 56Mn, which emits both β particles and γ-rays, is one of the dominant radioisotopes created in soil by neutrons from the bomb. Thus we investigated the biological effects of internal exposure to 56MnO2 particle in the lung of male Wistar rats comparing to the effects of external 60Co-γ irradiation. Absorbed doses of internal irradiation of lungs were between 25 and 65 mGy in 56MnO2-exposed animals, while the whole body doses were between 41 and 100 mGy. Animals were examined on days 3 and 61 after the exposure. There were no remarkable pathological changes related to 56MnO2 particle exposure. However, mRNA and protein expressions of aquaporin 5 increased significantly in the lung tissue on day 3 postexposure in 56MnO2 groups (by 1.6 and 2.9 times, respectively, in the highest dose group). Smad7 mRNA expression was also significantly elevated by 30% in the highest dose group of 56MnO2. Our data demonstrated that internal exposure to 56MnO2 induced significant biological responses including gene expression changes in the lungs, while external 60Co-γ irradiation of 2 Gy did not show any changes.

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“…The DNA sequences of the PCR fragments for target genes were confirmed by Fasmac Co., Ltd. (Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan). PCR conditions were 20 s initial denaturation followed by 40 cycles of 5 s at 95 • C and 35 s at 60 • C. The measured mRNA levels were normalized by the levels of β-actin mRNA [19,20]. Table 1 shows the specific primer sets for the genes.…”

Section: Measurement Of Mrna Levels By Quantitative Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Gene Expression Changes in Rats Internally Exposed to Radioactive 56MnO2 Particles at Low Doses

Ruslanova

Abishev

Chaizhunussova

et al. 2021

CIMB

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We have studied the biological effects of the internal exposure to radioactive manganese-56 dioxide (56MnO2), the major radioisotope dust found in soil after atomic bomb explosions. Our previous study of blood chemistry indicated a possible adverse effect of 56MnO2 on the liver. In the present study, we further examined the effects on the liver by determining changes in hepatic gene expressions. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 56MnO2 particles (three groups with the whole-body doses of 41, 90, and 100 mGy), stable MnO2 particles, or external 60Co γ-rays (2 Gy), and were examined together with the non-treated control group on postexposure day 3 and day 61. No histopathological changes were observed in the liver. The mRNA expression of a p53-related gene, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, increased in 56MnO2 as well as in γ-ray irradiated groups on postexposure day 3 and day 61. The expression of a stress-responsive gene, nuclear factor κB, was also increased by 56MnO2 and γ-rays on postexposure day 3. However, the expression of cytokine genes (interleukin-6 or chemokine ligand 2) or fibrosis-related TGF-β/Smad genes (Tgfb1, Smad3, or Smad4) was not altered by the exposure. Our data demonstrated that the internal exposure to 56MnO2 particles at less than 0.1 Gy significantly affected the short-term gene expressions in the liver in a similar manner with 2 Gy of external γ-irradiation. These changes may be adaptive responses because no changes occurred in cytokine or TGF-β/Smad gene expressions.

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Low-Dose Radiation Exposure with 56MnO2 Powder Changes Gene Expressions in the Testes and the Prostate in Rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

The overview of neutron-induced 56Mn radioactive microparticle effects in experimental animals and related studies

The overview of neutron-induced 56Mn radioactive microparticle effects in experimental animals and related studies

Biological impacts on the lungs in rats internally exposed to radioactive 56MnO2 particle

Hepatic Gene Expression Changes in Rats Internally Exposed to Radioactive 56MnO2 Particles at Low Doses

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