Low doses of grape seed procyanidins reduce adiposity and improve the plasma lipid profile in hamsters

Caimari, Antoni; Bas, Josep Maria del; Crescenti, Anna; Arola, Lluı́s

doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.75

Cited by 93 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The ability of foods rich in polyphenols, including grapes, to prevent obesity-mediated inflammation or related disorders has been demonstrated [reviewed in 25]. For example, grape seed procyanidin extract supplementation reduces body weight gain and WAT mass in hamsters fed a HF diet [42]. Additionally, mice fed a HF diet supplemented with muscadine grape phytochemicals rich in anthocyanins had decreased body weights, less lipid accumulation in the liver, and improved glucose tolerance compared to HF controls [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Table grape consumption reduces adiposity and markers of hepatic lipogenesis and alters gut microbiota in butter fat-fed mice

Baldwin

Collins

Wolf

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Our objective was to determine if consuming table grapes reduces adiposity and its metabolic consequences and alters gut microbiota in mice fed a high fat (HF), butter-rich diet. C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (LF) diet or HF diet with 3% or 5% grapes for 11 weeks. Total body and inguinal fat were moderately, but significantly reduced in mice fed both levels of grapes compared to their controls. Mice fed 5% grapes had lower liver weights and triglyceride levels, and decreased expression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (Gpat1) compared to the 5% controls. Mice fed 3% grapes had lower hepatic mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2, sterol-CoA desaturase 1, fatty-acid binding protein 4, and Gpat1 compared to the 3% controls. Although grape feeding had only a minor impact on markers of inflammation or lipogenesis in adipose tissue or intestine, 3% grapes decreased the intestinal abundance of sulfidogenic Desulfobacter spp., and the Bilophila wadsworthia-specific dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene (dsrA-Bw), and tended to increase the abundance of the beneficial bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila compared to controls. Additionally, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, and several other genera correlated negatively with adiposity. Allobaculum in particular was increased in the LF and 3% grapes groups compared to the HF-fed controls. Notably, grape feeding attenuated the HF-induced impairment in epithelial localization of the intestinal tight junction protein zonula occludens. Collectively, these data indicate that some of the adverse health consequences of consuming a HF diet rich in saturated fat can be attenuated by table grape consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Table grape consumption reduces adiposity and markers of hepatic lipogenesis and alters gut microbiota in butter fat-fed mice

Baldwin

Collins

Wolf

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…Among polyphenols, procyanidins, a family of flavonoids, have been shown to exhibit many healthy beneficial effects against body fat gain [25], dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis [8], inflammation [26] and insulin resistance [27]. We have recently demonstrated that these polyphenols can also exert metabolic programming effects, demonstrating that the maternal intake of grape seed procyanidins (GSPE) at 25 mg kg −1 of body weight/day, which approximately mimics the average human consumption of procyanidins in Spain [28], increased the adiposity and improved the inflammatory response in 30-day-old male offspring of rats that were fed a HFD during pregnancy and lactation [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape seed procyanidins administered at physiological doses to rats during pregnancy and lactation promote lipid oxidation and up-regulate AMPK in the muscle of male offspring in adulthood

Crescenti

Bas

Arola‐Arnal

et al. 2015

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…In this context, our group and others have reported many healthy beneficial effects of a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) (rich in monomers and oligomers of flavan-3-ols, the most abundant polyphenols in the human diet), on different pathologies clustered within the metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, obesity, hypertension and inflammation (Del Bas et al 2005;Pinent et al 2006;Quesada et al 2009;Bladé et al 2010;Terra et al 2011;Belcaro et al 2013;Caimari et al 2013). Interestingly, some studies have shown that polyphenols, which may be isolated or included in extracts or foods, such as olive oil and cocoa, are also able to regulate the gene expression profiles of PBMCs (Konstantinidou et al 2009;Khymenets et al 2009;Camargo et al 2010;Crescenti et al 2013;Tomé-Carneiro et al 2013;van der Velpen et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The intake of a high-fat diet and grape seed procyanidins induces gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hamsters: capturing alterations in lipid and cholesterol metabolisms

et al. 2014

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We previously demonstrated that hamsters that were fed either a standard diet (STD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) and treated with a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) showed decreased adiposity and circulating levels of free fatty acids compared with hamsters treated with a vehicle (Caimari et al. in Int J Obes 37:576-83, 2013, doi:10.1038/ijo.2012). Here, we tested whether the gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can reflect these metabolic effects and the dyslipidaemia produced by the HFD feeding in the same cohort of animals. The mRNA levels of a subset of genes were also studied in the liver in order to evaluate the capacity of PBMCs to reflect the metabolic adaptations that occur in this organ. In PBMCs, we reported a simultaneous up-regulation of the lipid-related genes involved in both the anabolic (pparc, acc1 and gpat) and the catabolic (ppara, ucp2, atgl and hsl) pathways in response to the GSPE treatment, similar but no identical to previous observations in retroperitoneal white adipose tissues of these animals. Furthermore, the key cholesterol metabolism genes srebp2 and ldlr were significantly down-regulated in PBMCs of both HFD-fed groups compared with the STD groups. Although the expression of srebp2 in the liver followed a similar pattern to that obtained in PBMCs, no comparable changes were found between the liver and PBMCs in the expression of most of the studied genes. In conclusion, our results highlight the potential of PBMCs as a high accessible tissue for the indirect study of cholesterol and adipose tissue metabolism dynamics.

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Low doses of grape seed procyanidins reduce adiposity and improve the plasma lipid profile in hamsters

Abstract: The use of GSPE at low doses protects against fat accumulation and improves the plasma lipid profile in hamsters. We suggest that GSPE exerts these effects in part through the activation of both β-oxidation and the GL/FFA cycle, mainly in the RWAT.

Cited by 93 publications

References 60 publications

Table grape consumption reduces adiposity and markers of hepatic lipogenesis and alters gut microbiota in butter fat-fed mice

Table grape consumption reduces adiposity and markers of hepatic lipogenesis and alters gut microbiota in butter fat-fed mice

Grape seed procyanidins administered at physiological doses to rats during pregnancy and lactation promote lipid oxidation and up-regulate AMPK in the muscle of male offspring in adulthood

The intake of a high-fat diet and grape seed procyanidins induces gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hamsters: capturing alterations in lipid and cholesterol metabolisms

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