Low earth orbit sounder retrieval products at geostationary earth orbit spatial and temporal scales

Abstract

Infrared (IR) sounders, onboard satellites in low Earth orbit, are high spectral resolution interferometers capable of providing very accurate IR radiance measurements using thousands of channels. Though their temporal resolution is a relatively low 12 h, these data can be used to produce high vertical resolution temperature and humidity profiles. Imagers, often aboard satellites in geostationary Earth orbit, are radiometers providing high spatial and temporal resolution radiance measurements across a more limited number of bands, typically ∼10 to ∼20. Their data are used for monitoring Earth's weather and climate. A data fusion method (developed and previously demonstrated at University of Wisconsin-Madison) is utilized to construct high vertical resolution, sounder-like temperature and humidity retrievals at imager high spatial and temporal resolution. Using the Crosstrack Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) data, comparison of concurrent and ∼50-min time-series fusion to radiosondes launched from February 2017 to March 2019 over the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains Site shows that the improved spatial and temporal resolution does not come at the expense of accuracy as compared with the sounder retrieval at native resolution. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

Approach to enhance trace gas determinations through multi-satellite data fusion

“…How far in time this process can be applied reliably depends on the synoptic situation, but we find that within three hours of LEO overpass time GEO/LEO fusion results are useful in most situations. 10 It should be emphasized that the first step, i.e., the multi-dimensional k-d tree search, is always done on imager radiances-either between high-and low-spatial resolution imager radiances (in the case of spatial fusion) or between imager radiances from subsequent time steps (in the case of temporal fusion). In the second step, the sounder data, which is either of low spatial and/or low temporal resolution, is averaged over the suggested matches (as described above).…”

Tracking Atmospheric Moisture Changes in Convective Storm Environments Using GEO ABI and LEO CrIS Data Fusion

“…The "imager plus sounder" (or imager/sounder) data fusion method to construct a high spatial resolution radiance and retrieval products has been previously described [1,2]. The temperature and moisture profiles achieved with the imager/sounder data fusion have been validated in a study by the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains Site in [3]. Additionally, trace gas concentrations and their movement have been inferred with increased detail via imager/sounder fusion in [4].…”