Low-Energy Dense Potato- and Bean-Based Diets Reduce Body Weight and Insulin Resistance: A Randomized, Feeding, Equivalence Trial

Perspective: Potatoes, Quality Carbohydrates, and Dietary Patterns

“…To contrast, in RCTs comparing potato to other energy-rich foods with high CFQS-4 scores or nutrient density (e.g., legumes, nuts, and whole grains) [ 2 ], consumption of potatoes frequently exhibited a “null effect,” sometimes with less optimal but not deleterious impacts on the health endpoints measured [ [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] ]. After a 30-d parallel-arm RCT in healthy adults, intake of almonds (isocaloric comparison to French fries) led to lower postprandial glucose, insulin, and C-peptide response [ 47 ] in a meal-based tolerance test.…”

Unveiling the Evidence for the Use of Pulses in Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review

“…The remaining 14 studies were long-term trials [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] that focused on the impact of pulses and pulse-based diets on glycaemic and insulinaemic parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes (Table 3). These long-term investigations evaluated changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, and insulin resistance using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) method.…”

“…Fourteen long-term randomized controlled clinical trials [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] have been conducted to assess the impact of pulses and pulse-based diets on glycaemic regulation among individuals with T2DM (Table 3). These studies varied in their design, ranging from parallel (P) to crossover (C) trials, and have utilized different interventions, from high-legume and -cereal diets to specific pulse preparations like roasted chickpeas or legume-enriched foods.…”

“…While most studies indicated a simultaneous change in insulin levels accompanying alterations in blood glucose [32,35,36,38,39,42], Simpson et al (1981) observed variations in blood glucose without significant associated changes in insulin levels [30]. Several studies have also investigated the impact of pulse consumption on HOMA-IR scores, an indicator of insulin resistance [35,36,39,[41][42][43]. In a controlled trial from Yonsei University, researchers assessed the impact of whole grains and legumes versus refined rice in relation to the APOA5 -1131C variant status of patients with impaired fasting glucose or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.…”

“…However, the bean diet led to a notable reduction in insulin response, making it comparable to the potato diet. Furthermore, HOMA-IR displayed significant reductions in both diets [43]. Lastly, an 8-week trial set out to evaluate the effects of lupin-enriched foods in people with moderate-towell-controlled T2DM.…”