Low energy electron generator design and depth dose prediction for micro-superficies tumors treatment purposes

Abstract

We investigate deposited energy and linear energy transfer (LET) of low energy ejection electrons in air and water layers of a generator design via a plasma source. A structured model of a concave cold cathode electron generator was designed and simulated by using Monte Carlo nparticle version X 2.7.0 (MCNPX) code. A negative dc high voltage was applied to a concave cathode up to −12 kV to determine electron energy activity. Results determined that the geometric dimensions of field size toward the anode increased in relation to the angle of the conic beam, widening the accumulated bulks. The increased field size increased the anode current, which also resulted in an increase of electron energy, a reduction in LET, a stretched build-up area and a dose curve that shifted to a higher depth. The biological effect of low energy electron radiation can be increased with an increase of LET; as the depth dose decreased, the electron energy increased at the same time. The study of electron irradiation as a conic beam from an electron generator may provide an accurate investigation of the indirect effect of low energy electrons on bystander cells.

Introducing a novel coefficient on mixed-nanoparticles material: relationship between the theoretical and experimental densities

“…On the other hand, the electron density depends on the bulk density of the absorbent substance and their ratio is constant, atomic number to atomic mass, regardless of bulk density. This ratio is nearly constant for all except the heaviest elements and hydrogen [33, 34, 35, 36]. This dependence for nanoparticles is very complex.…”

Chemical radioanalysis of production of positron-emitting radioisotope Gallium-68 via (p,n) and (p,2n) reactions using compact cyclotron for tomography applications

“…Nowadays, the applications of nuclear technology have become very diverse and have gained special place in various fields such as nuclear medicine, agriculture, industry and radionuclide production [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] ]. The application of nuclear medicine for treatment and diagnosis using radioisotopes was first made in 1937, and radioisotopes were used as tracers in imaging in 1924 [ 9 ].…”

Molybdenum transmutation via 98 Mo samples using bismuth/lead neutron moderators

“…(a) E-mail: abkhorshidi@yahoo.com (corresponding author) Today, different methods for radiopharmaceutical production such as for diagnostics and therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine have attracted much attention [15][16][17]. 99m Tc is the usual medical radioisotope for imaging in nuclear medicine [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”