Low expression of HIF1AN accompanied by less immune infiltration is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer

Abstract

BackgroundHypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) stability and transcriptional action are reduced by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha subunit suppressor (HIF1AN). Its inappropriate expression is associated with the development of cancer and immune control. It is yet unknown how HIF1AN, clinical outcomes, and immune involvement in breast cancer (BC) are related.MethodsUsing the GEPIA, UALCAN, TIMER, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and TISIDB datasets, a thorough analysis of HIF1AN differential expression, medical prognosis, and the relationship between HIF1AN and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in BC was conducted. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT−PCR) analysis of BC cells were used for external validation.ResultsThe findings revealed that, as compared to standard specimens, BC cells had significantly lower levels of HIF1AN expression. Good overall survival (OS) for BC was associated with higher HIF1AN expression. Additionally, in BC, the expression of HIF1AN was closely associated with the chemokines and immune cell infiltration, including neutrophils, macrophages, T helper cells, B cells, Tregs, monocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells. A high correlation between HIF1AN expression and several immunological indicators of T-cell exhaustion was particularly revealed by the bioinformatic study.ConclusionsHIF1AN is a predictive indicator for breast tumors, and it is useful for predicting survival rates.

Whole‐genome resequencing deciphers patterns of genetic diversity, phylogeny, and evolutionary dynamics in Kashmir cattle

“…The enrichment of seven KEGG pathways and 12 GO terms within this set of overlapping genes were observed (corrected p ‐value < 0.05). Among the overlapping genes, TNFAIP8L2 , MPEG1 , FCRL4 , BOLA‐DQA5 , BOLA‐DQB and HIF1AN genes are associated with vital aspects of the immune system (Bayly‐Jones et al., 2020; Cancro & Tomayko, 2021; Fukunaga et al., 2020; Li et al., 2018; Tang et al., 2023). Moreover, genes related to reproduction ( OSBP2 , BRWD1 and GOLGA4 ; Chu et al., 2012; Ortega et al., 2016; Sigdel et al., 2020), carcass traits ( SCD ; Gao et al., 2022), muscle growth ( IGF2 , GBP4 , ADPRHL1 , NRG2 , TCF12 and TMOD4 ; Abdillah et al., 2022; Adrain, 2020; Cao et al., 2018; Goodall & Schmutz, 2007; Sun et al., 2022; Zhang et al., 2023), high‐altitude adaptation ( CLCA2 ; Terefe et al., 2022) and milk composition ( ORM1 and CSF1 ; Feng et al., 2023; Gao et al., 2017) were also identified (Figures 4a and 5a; Table 1; Tables S5–S10).…”

“…This gene might also contribute to enhancing Kashmir cattle's ability to recover from immune tolerance following infection. Decreased expression of the HIF1AN gene is indicative of diminished immunological control (Tang et al., 2023). A decreased expression of FBXL3 gene in cattle may impact alveolar macrophage production, particularly in response to lung inflammation, suggesting its role in respiratory health (Sundar et al., 2023).…”