Low-frequency noise in gas sensors: A review

Shin, Wonjun; Hong, Seongbin; Jeong, Yujeong; Jung, Gyuweon; Park, Jin-Woo; Kim, Dong‐Hee; Choi, Kangwook; Shin, Hunhee; Koo, Ryun-Han; Kim, Jae‐Joon; Lee, Jong-Ho

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2023.133551

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…We conducted three measurements on four different devices on three separate days. The error bars are a result of variations in device surface chemistry, contamination, dimensions, and noise originating from various factors as explained by Shin et al A typical gas sensing experiment showing the i–V curve shift due to exposure to different H 2 concentrations is presented in Figure S2; an example of the transient response is shown in Figure S3. The response, i 1 − i 0 i 0 · 100 ( % ) , and Δ V TH , V TH1 – V TH0 (V), are presented, where the subscripts 0 and 1 denote the values before and following H 2 exposure.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna Effect in Large Area Palladium-Coated Electrostatically Formed Silicon Nanowire for Ppb Level Hydrogen Sensing

ShemTov,

Mukherjee,

Musafi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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An electrostatically formed nanowire (EFN) with an electrostatically formed channel is a highly sensitive and selective sensor for detecting various gases and volatile organic compounds. We report here on a specially designed large-area sensing antenna EFN that improves the response of the conventional EFN by several orders of magnitude, thus allowing the sensing of very low analyte concentrations. We have fabricated an EFN with a large area (∼3500 μm 2 ) palladium sensing layer and show that its response in a dry air atmosphere to 30 ppb H 2 is ∼90% at 60 °C. We show that this unprecedented sensitivity is due to the antenna effect, which causes the charged H 2 species to drift to the region right above the EFN transistor channel. Electrostatic modeling shows good agreement with the measured antenna effect and predicts that this design paves the way to an ultrasensitive very-large-scale integration (VLSI) based gas sensing platform.

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Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna Effect in Large Area Palladium-Coated Electrostatically Formed Silicon Nanowire for Ppb Level Hydrogen Sensing

ShemTov,

Mukherjee,

Musafi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…The FES method proved its advantages in numerous experiments by detecting a few gases with a single gas sensor or detecting an adsorbed single gas molecule. These results were thoroughly reviewed elsewhere [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a few percent was observed for the Cu doping of the LaFeO 3 sensor (CO 2 gas [ 23 ]). The doping shortened the response/recovery to a few hundred seconds; however, the FES method is still very attractive because we observe a change in noise power spectral intensities that can be as large as a few orders of magnitude at very low gas concentrations [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flicker Noise in Resistive Gas Sensors—Measurement Setups and Applications for Enhanced Gas Sensing

Smulko,

Scandurra,

Drozdowska

et al. 2024

Sensors

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We discuss the implementation challenges of gas sensing systems based on low-frequency noise measurements on chemoresistive sensors. Resistance fluctuations in various gas sensing materials, in a frequency range typically up to a few kHz, can enhance gas sensing by considering its intensity and the slope of power spectral density. The issues of low-frequency noise measurements in resistive gas sensors, specifically in two-dimensional materials exhibiting gas-sensing properties, are considered. We present measurement setups and noise-processing methods for gas detection. The chemoresistive sensors show various DC resistances requiring different flicker noise measurement approaches. Separate noise measurement setups are used for resistances up to a few hundred kΩ and for resistances with much higher values. Noise measurements in highly resistive materials (e.g., MoS2, WS2, and ZrS3) are prone to external interferences but can be modulated using temperature or light irradiation for enhanced sensing. Therefore, such materials are of considerable interest for gas sensing.

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“…[ 5–13 ] AOSs have been commercialized and utilized in numerous fields, including disease monitoring and food spoilage detection. [ 6,7 ] Owing to the development of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)‐compatible gas sensors, such as GasFET, [ 14,15 ] capacitively coupled FET (CCFET), [ 16,17 ] and floating‐gate FET (FGFET), [ 18,19 ] AOSs integrated with a large‐scale gas sensor array with digital‐based interface circuits have been implemented. [ 20–22 ] The performance of AOS has been improved by applying a machine learning‐based gas identification algorithm using a large amount of gas sensor data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficient Artificial Olfactory System with Integrated Sensing and Computing Capabilities for Food Spoilage Detection

Jung,

Kim,

Hong

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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Artificial olfactory systems (AOSs) that mimic biological olfactory systems are of great interest. However, most existing AOSs suffer from high energy consumption levels and latency issues due to data conversion and transmission. In this work, an energy‐ and area‐efficient AOS based on near‐sensor computing is proposed. The AOS efficiently integrates an array of sensing units (merged field effect transistor (FET)‐type gas sensors and amplifier circuits) and an AND‐type nonvolatile memory (NVM) array. The signals of the sensing units are directly connected to the NVM array and are computed in memory, and the meaningful linear combinations of signals are output as bit line currents. The AOS is designed to detect food spoilage by employing thin zinc oxide films as gas‐sensing materials, and it exhibits low detection limits for H2S and NH3 gases (0.01 ppm), which are high‐protein food spoilage markers. As a proof of concept, monitoring the entire spoilage process of chicken tenderloin is demonstrated. The system can continuously track freshness scores and food conditions throughout the spoilage process. The proposed AOS platform is applicable to various applications due to its ability to change the sensing temperature and programmable NVM cells.

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Low-frequency noise in gas sensors: A review

Cited by 19 publications

References 152 publications

Antenna Effect in Large Area Palladium-Coated Electrostatically Formed Silicon Nanowire for Ppb Level Hydrogen Sensing

Antenna Effect in Large Area Palladium-Coated Electrostatically Formed Silicon Nanowire for Ppb Level Hydrogen Sensing

Flicker Noise in Resistive Gas Sensors—Measurement Setups and Applications for Enhanced Gas Sensing

Energy Efficient Artificial Olfactory System with Integrated Sensing and Computing Capabilities for Food Spoilage Detection

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