“…Almost 20 years ago, the potential of LIPSS for tribological applications was recognized: Yu and Lu reported an improved tribological performance of micrometer sized ripples on NiP (a support material for magnetic data storage elements in computer hard drives), when compared to the flat NiP surface [ 43 ]. In the following years, LIPSS were generated by ultrashort laser pulses on various materials and tested with respect to friction and wear, for instance for nitrides [ 44 , 45 ], carbon materials [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ], semiconductors [ 52 ], and metals [ 12 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Several specific applications were explored, such as the improvement of mechanical seals [ 50 , 51 ], or the optimization of the machining performance of cutting tools [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ].…”