Low genotypic diversity and long-term ecological decline in a spatially structured seagrass population

Alotaibi, Nahaa M.; Cook, Kevan J.; Börger, Luca; Bull, James C.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54828-1

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Studies on seagrass genetic diversity and genetic population have been carried out in several places, such as India (Thangaradjou and Bhatt 2018), South China Sea (Hernawan 2018), Isles of Scilly, an archipelago in England (Alotaibi et al 2019), and Western Australia (Sinclair et al 2020). The studies covered tropical and temperate seagrass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia

Stevanus

Pharmawati

2020

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Stevanus, Pharmawati M. 2021. Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 50-57. West Lombok, Indonesia is one of the locations that is thought to have a quite high diversity of seagrass. Information on the diversity of seagrass species is important due to the important value of seagrass in the marine ecosystem. This research aimed to analyze biodiversity and phylogenetic of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia using DNA barcoding of rbcL gene. As many as 35 samples from seven morphologically identified species (Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis, and H. minor) were taken from four Gilis (small island) in Sekotong. The DNA was amplified for the rbcL gene and sequence analyses using BLAST were conducted to determine the species. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out using three evolutionary algorithms using Neighbor-Joining, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analysis with 1000 bootstrap. The rbcL gene was successfully amplified from all samples with a maximum length of 552 bp. The phylogenetic analysis showed that clades were split by family and genera where six clades were formed (Enhalus acoroides, T. hemprichii, Halophila complex, H. pinifolia, S. isoetifolium, and C. rotundata) with more than 95% of bootstrap values for Neighbor-Joining and Bayesian. The p-distance values between species were 0.008-0.097 and the polymorphic site was not found within species. The rbcL sequences only confirmed five seagrass species out of seven morphologically identified species and the sequences generated from this study cannot discriminate Halophila ovalis and H. minor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia

Stevanus

Pharmawati

2020

Biodiversitas

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“…Therefore, it might not be a reliable approach to access of genetic diversity of MO populations based solely on morphological traits. DNA markers such as SNP and SSR are routinely used to analyze the genetic diversity of the genotypes since they rely on a large number of mutations throughout the entire genome and can provide important information at the genetic level, regardless of environmental factors [65][66][67]. The low correlation between two methods might also be that phenotypic traits are often affected by natural and artificial selection, while the variations detected at the gene level are usually of the non-adaptive types and are therefore not susceptible to selection [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic, chemical component and molecular assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Morinda officinalis germplasm

et al. 2022

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Background Morinda officinalis How (MO) is a perennial herb distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, which known as one of the “Four Southern Herbal Medicines”. The extent of genetic variability and the population structure of MO are presently little understood. Here, nine morphological traits, six chemical components and Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used in integrative research of MO germplasm variation among 88 individuals collected from ten populations across four geographical provinces of China. Results Both phenotype and chemical composition have significant genetic variation, and there is a certain correlation between them such as root diameter and the nystose content, as well as geographical distribution. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed the leaf length, leaf width, nystose, 1F-furanosaccharide nystose, and the section color were the major contributors to diversity. The cluster analysis based on phenotypic and oligosaccharide data distinguished three significant groups, which was consistent with the result of a corresponding analysis with 228,615 SNP markers, and importantly, they all showed a significant correlation with geographical origin. However, there was little similarity between two cluster results. The Shannon’s information index (I) varied from 0.17 to 0.53 with a mean of 0.37, suggesting a high level of genetic diversity in MO populations, which mainly existed among individuals within populations, accounting for 99.66% of the total according to the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results. Each population also maintains the connection because of certain gene communication, so that the genetic differentiation between populations was not very significant. The STRUCTURE software was used to analyse the population structure and the result showed that 88 accessions were clustered into three groups, and 67% of them were pure type, which was also confirmed through PCA. Conclusions The comprehensive study of phenotypic, chemical and molecular markers will provide valuable information for future breeding plans and understanding the phylogenetic relationship of MO population.

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“…This implies that even if sexual reproduction occurs at a low rate, passive transport of sexual propagules can play an important role in maintaining population connectivity and in the colonization of new habitats [59]. Isolated and small populations are more prone to undergo genetic drift and bottleneck events, increasing allele loss and the possibility of fixation for deleterious alleles compromising their persistence in the future [49,60]. This is even more relevant considering the fragmentation of populations resulting from the current destruction of natural habitats [61].…”

Section: Level Of Genetic Connectivity Population Size and Genetic Driftmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic Component of Seagrass Restoration: What We Know and the Way Forwards

Pazzaglia

Nguyen

Santillán-Sarmiento

et al. 2021

Water

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Seagrasses are marine flowering plants providing key ecological services and functions in coasts and estuaries across the globe. Increased environmental changes fueled by human activities are affecting their existence, compromising natural habitats and ecosystems’ biodiversity and functioning. In this context, restoration of disturbed seagrass environments has become a worldwide priority to reverse ecosystem degradation and to recover ecosystem functionality and associated services. Despite the proven importance of genetic research to perform successful restoration projects, this aspect has often been overlooked in seagrass restoration. Here, we aimed to provide a comprehensive perspective of genetic aspects related to seagrass restoration. To this end, we first reviewed the importance of studying the genetic diversity and population structure of target seagrass populations; then, we discussed the pros and cons of different approaches used to restore and/or reinforce degraded populations. In general, the collection of genetic information and the development of connectivity maps are critical steps for any seagrass restoration activity. Traditionally, the selection of donor population preferred the use of local gene pools, thought to be the best adapted to current conditions. However, in the face of rapid ocean changes, alternative approaches such as the use of climate-adjusted or admixture genotypes might provide more sustainable options to secure the survival of restored meadows. Also, we discussed different transplantation strategies applied in seagrasses and emphasized the importance of long-term seagrass monitoring in restoration. The newly developed information on epigenetics as well as the application of assisted evolution strategies were also explored. Finally, a view of legal and ethical issues related to national and international restoration management is included, highlighting improvements and potential new directions to integrate with the genetic assessment. We concluded that a good restoration effort should incorporate: (1) a good understanding of the genetic structure of both donors and populations being restored; (2) the analysis of local environmental conditions and disturbances that affect the site to be restored; (3) the analysis of local adaptation constraints influencing the performances of donor populations and native plants; (4) the integration of distribution/connectivity maps with genetic information and environmental factors relative to the target seagrass populations; (5) the planning of long-term monitoring programs to assess the performance of the restored populations. The inclusion of epigenetic knowledge and the development of assisted evolution programs are strongly hoped for the future.

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Low genotypic diversity and long-term ecological decline in a spatially structured seagrass population

Cited by 15 publications

References 82 publications

Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia

Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia

Phenotypic, chemical component and molecular assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Morinda officinalis germplasm

The Genetic Component of Seagrass Restoration: What We Know and the Way Forwards

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