Low-income neighborhoods and the risk of severe pediatric injury: a small-area analysis in northern Manhattan.

Durkin, Maureen S.; Davidson, Leslie L.; Kuhn, Louise; OʼConnor, Patricia; Barlow, Barbara

doi:10.2105/ajph.84.4.587

Cited by 193 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Two studies examined correlations between all nonfatal injury rates among youth and SES, one in Australia (33) and the other in New Zealand (65); both found that injury rates were inversely correlated with measures of area SES. Two studies used the same data source (Northern Manhattan Injury Surveillance System) to examine severe injuries (those resulting in hospitalization or death) but utilized two different levels of analysis: zip code of residence (23) and census tract (22). Both studies found that low SES was associated with higher injury rates among persons ages 16 and under. For the studies examining cause-specific nonfatal injuries, rates were higher in areas characterized by low SES, or inversely correlated with SES measures for head injuries (24,41,60), fire or burn injuries (32,47), pedestrian or bicyclist injuries (21,63), and intentional nonfatal injuries (28), regardless of study population and setting, source of data, covariates, or SES measure(s) used.…”

Section: Nonfatal Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Injury: Critical Issues in Design and Analysis

Cubbin

Smith²

2002

Annu. Rev. Public Health

219

145

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s Abstract Injuries continue to place a tremendous burden on the public's health and rates vary widely among different groups in the population. Increasing attention has recently been given to the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) as a determinant of health among both individuals and communities. However, relatively few studies have focused on the influence of SES and injuries. Furthermore, those that have, and the other injury studies that have included measures of SES in their analysis, have varying degrees of conceptual and methodological rigor in their use of this measure. Recent advances in data linkage and analytic techniques have, however, provided new and improved methods to assess the relationship between SES and injuries. This review summarizes the relevant literature on SES and injuries, with particular attention to study design, and the measurement and interpretation of SES. We found that increasing SES has a strong inverse association with the risk of both homicide and fatal unintentional injuries, although the results for suicide were mixed. However, the relationship between SES and nonfatal injuries was less consistent than for fatal injuries. We offer potential explanatory mechanisms for the relationship between SES and injuries and make recommendations for future research in this area.

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Section: Nonfatal Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Injury: Critical Issues in Design and Analysis

Cubbin

Smith²

2002

Annu. Rev. Public Health

219

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Potential confounders of forearm fracture risk and/or general injury risk include age, 41 gender, 41 parental education level/socioeconomic status, 42 season, 43,44 activity level, 45 high BMI, 12,13 height, 46 dietary calcium intake, 17 BMD, [11][12][13][14][15][16] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D status. [18][19][20][21][22][23] Because 25-hydroxyvitamin D status may be a strong determinant of BMD, [18][19][20][21] we also modeled the association of fracture status with BMD separately without 25-hydroxyvitamin D. For the same reason, we also modeled the association of fracture status with 25-hydroxyvitamin D separately without BMD while controlling for the same potential confounders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Mineral Density and Vitamin D Status Among African American Children With Forearm Fractures

2012

PEDIATRICS

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Forearm fractures are unique injuries which are associated with lower bone mineral density in adults and white children. The relationships among bone mineral density, 25-hydroxyvitamin D status, and risk for forearm fracture have not been investigated in African American children. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Our data support an association between both lower bone mineral density and vitamin D deficiency and increased odds of forearm fracture in African American children. Promotion of bone health is indicated in this population.abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine whether African American children with forearm fractures have decreased bone mineral density and an increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level #20 ng/mL) compared with fracture-free control patients. METHODS:This case-control study in African American children, aged 5 to 9 years, included case patients with forearm fracture and control patients without fracture. Evaluation included measurement of bone mineral density and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to test for associations between fracture status and 2 measures of bone health (bone mineral density and 25-hydroxyvitamin D level) while controlling for other potential confounders. RESULTS:The final sample included 76 case and 74 control patients. There were no significant differences between case and control patients in age, gender, parental education level, enrollment season, outdoor play time, height, or mean dietary calcium nutrient density. Cases were more likely than control patients to be overweight (49.3% vs 31.4%, P = .03). Compared with control patients, case patients had lower whole body z scores for bone mineral density (0.62 6 0.96 vs 0.98 6 1.09; adjusted odds ratio 0.38 [0.20-0.72]) and were more likely to be vitamin D deficient (47.1% vs 40.8%; adjusted odds ratio 3.46 [1.09-10.94]). CONCLUSIONS:These data support an association of lower bone mineral density and vitamin D deficiency with increased odds of forearm fracture among African American children. Because suboptimal childhood bone health also negatively impacts adult bone health, interventions to increase bone mineral density and correct vitamin D deficiency are indicated in this population to provide short-term and long-term benefits. Pediatrics 2012;130:e553-e560

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“…Çocuk yaralanmaları açısından risk faktörlerinin araştırıldığı bir çalışmada, düşük sosyo-ekonomik dü zey, parçalanmış aile, düşük eğitim düzeyi ve işsizli ğin hem kasıtlı hem kasıtsız çocuk yaralanmaları için önemli risk faktörleri olduğu, şiddet yaralanmalarının düşük sosyoekonomik kesimde 4.5 kat fazla olduğu saptanmış, şiddet önleme çabalarında sosyoekonomik eşitsizliklerin göz önüne alınması gerektiği bildirilmiş tir (8).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ölümle Sonuçlanmayan Etkili Eylem Olgularının Sosyal Yönden Değerlendirilmesi

Çınar¹,

Keskin²,

Öge³

1999

Bull Leg Med

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ÖZETBu çalışmada, ölümle sonuçlanmayan etkili eyleme taraf olan kişilere ait demografik veriler elde edilmesi ve toplum daki genel şiddete ışık tutması amacıyla; O cak 1998-Haziran 1998 tarihleri arasında Adli Tıp Kurumu 2.İhtisas Kurulu'na incelenmek üzere gönderilen tıbbi belge ve dosyalardan prospektif olarak rastgele seçilen 638'inde mağdur ve sanık larla ilgili elde edilebilen bilgiler değerlendirilmiştir.Mağdurların % 86.2'si, sanıkların % 97.3'ü erkektir. Her iki grupta 1. sırayı 20-29 yaş grubu almaktadır. Kadınlar da ha çok künt özellikli yaralanmaya maruz kalırken, erkekler daha çok penetran yaralanmalara maruz kalmıştır. Yaralan ma olayları en fazla ilkbahar, en az kış mevsiminde olmuş tur. Olguların % 39.4'ü 18-24 saatleri arasında yaralanmıştır. En fazla yaralanma işyeri ve işle ilişkili yerlerde (%36), 2.sı rada açık mekanlarda (%29), 3.sırada ev ve eklentilerinde (%19.7), 4.sırada eğlence yerlerinde (% 10.1) dir.Mağdur ve sanıklarda en büyük grubu kırsal kökenli ta rıma dayalı işlerde çalışan kişiler oluştururken, bunu ku rumsal işlerde çalışmayan serbest meslek grubu izlemekte dir.Olguların sadece % 6.3'ü tanımadığı kişiler tarafından yaralanırken, % 5.9'u eşleri, % 34.4'ü yakın ya da uzak ak rabaları tarafından yaralanmıştır.Mağdurların % 28'i, sanıkların % 25.9'u göç yaşamıştır.A n ah tar k elim eler: Fiziksel Şiddet, Mağdur, Sanık, De mografik Bulgular. SUMMARYIn this study, demographic findings obtained from a randomly selected survey among 638 victims and accused who were referred to the Department of Traumatology of the Council of Forensic Medicine in Istanbul between Janu ary 1 and June 1, 1998, are presented for reflecting violence throughout the society.Males accounted for 86.2 % of the victims and 97.3 % of the accused. Comparing the age distribution o f both the vic tims and accused, the two groups were most frequently represented in the 3 rd decade.While females were injured more frequently due to blunt trauma, males were primarily affected by penetrating injuries. Assaults and batteries were most frequently observed in spring and were rare in winter. 39.4% of the cases were injured between 18.01 and 24.00The assaults took place in 36% of the cases at work and work-related places, in 29% in common places, in 19.7% in domestic locations and in 10.1% sites of entertainment.34.4% of the cases were injured by their relatives and in 5.9% by their couples, whereas victim and accused didn't know each other in 6.3% of the cases.The majority of the victims and accused were employed in agriculture, followed by people who worked in selfemployment sector. GİRİŞBir çok ülkede giderek artan şiddet ve bu neden le oluşan ölümcül ya da ölümcül olmayan yaralanma lar ile maddi ve manevi kayıplar, konuya ışık tutacak bir çok araştırmanın gerekliliğini de beraberinde ge tirmiştir. Şiddet önleme programlan oluşturmak ve bu programların etkinliğini değerlendirebilmek için epidemiyolojik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır (1-2).Peek-Asa ve Kraus tarafından California'da ölüm cül olmayan şiddet yaralanmaları araştır...

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Low-income neighborhoods and the risk of severe pediatric injury: a small-area analysis in northern Manhattan.

Cited by 193 publications

References 26 publications

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Injury: Critical Issues in Design and Analysis

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Injury: Critical Issues in Design and Analysis

Bone Mineral Density and Vitamin D Status Among African American Children With Forearm Fractures

Ölümle Sonuçlanmayan Etkili Eylem Olgularının Sosyal Yönden Değerlendirilmesi

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