Low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction improves vascular endothelial function and peripheral blood circulation in healthy elderly people

Shimizu, Ryosuke; Hotta, Kyoko; Yamamoto, Shuhei; Matsumoto, Takuya; Kamiya, Kentaro; Kato, Michitaka; Hamazaki, Nobuaki; Kihara, Daisuke; Akiyama, Ayako; Kamada, Yumi; Tanaka, Shinya; Masuda, Takashi

doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3328-8

Cited by 134 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Research has demonstrated increased serum concentrations of bone alkaline phosphatase66 and increased bone turnover following 6 weeks of LL-BFR training, suggesting an impact on bone health. Low-load walk training with BFR has been demonstrated to increase knee extensor and flexor torque,55 carotid arterial compliance,26 peak oxygen uptake,27 peak post-occlusive blood flow57 and vascular endothelial function and peripheral nerve circulation64 in older individuals. LL-BFR training can attenuate the effects of sarcopenia and may be effective at improving bone health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood flow restriction training in clinical musculoskeletal rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hughes¹,

et al. 2017

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Background and objectiveLow-load exercise training with blood flow restriction (BFR) can increase muscle strength and may offer an effective clinical musculoskeletal (MSK) rehabilitation tool. The aim of this review was to systematically analyse the evidence regarding the effectiveness of this novel training modality in clinical MSK rehabilitation.DesignThis is a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed literature examining BFR training in clinical MSK rehabilitation (Research Registry; researchregistry91).Data sourcesA literature search was conducted across SPORTDiscus (EBSCO), PubMed and Science Direct databases, including the reference lists of relevant papers. Two independent reviewers extracted study characteristics and MSK and functional outcome measures. Study quality and reporting was assessed using the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise.EligibilitySearch results were limited to exercise training studies investigating BFR training in clinical MSK rehabilitation, published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal in English.ResultsTwenty studies were eligible, including ACL reconstruction (n=3), knee osteoarthritis (n=3), older adults at risk of sarcopenia (n=13) and patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis (n=1). Analysis of pooled data indicated low-load BFR training had a moderate effect on increasing strength (Hedges’ g=0.523, 95% CI 0.263 to 0.784, p<0.001), but was less effective than heavy-load training (Hedges’ g=0.674, 95% CI 0.296 to 1.052, p<0.001).ConclusionCompared with low-load training, low-load BFR training is more effective, tolerable and therefore a potential clinical rehabilitation tool. There is a need for the development of an individualised approach to training prescription to minimise patient risk and increase effectiveness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood flow restriction training in clinical musculoskeletal rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hughes¹,

et al. 2017

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“…In addition, one study found that simply reducing the number of steps taken each day in younger adults also prevented AAs from stimulating muscle protein synthesis, indicating an important role for physical inactivity as an underlying cause of anabolic resistance [54]. Recently, blood flow restriction exercise has been found to be effective at improving endothelial function in older adults [55] and this may help explain its effectiveness in activating mTORC1 signaling and MPS in older adults [56]. It is not known whether chronic exercise training in older adults can abolish anabolic resistance.…”

Section: Strategies To Restore Aa Delivery Stimulate Mtorc1 And/or Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acid Sensing in Skeletal Muscle

Moro

Ebert

Adams

et al. 2016

Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Aging impairs skeletal muscle protein synthesis, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we review evidence that mTORC1- and ATF4-mediated amino acid sensing pathways, triggered by impaired amino acid delivery to aged skeletal muscle, may play important roles in skeletal muscle aging. Interventions that alleviate age-related impairments in muscle protein synthesis, strength and/or muscle mass appear to do so by reversing age-related changes in skeletal muscle amino acid delivery, mTORC1 activity and/or ATF4 activity. An improved understanding of the mechanisms and roles of amino acid sensing pathways in skeletal muscle may lead to evidence-based strategies to attenuate sarcopenia.

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“…The cuff was replaced on the leg, the cuff bladder port was connected to the sensor device, and LOP was calculated using Doppler ultrasound at the posterior tibial artery according to previous procedures . (Figure ) for the rest trial, lying supine on a treatment bed participants underwent 2 × 1 minute inflations at 40% and 80% LOP, in that order, separated by 5 minutes of rest . Participants then moved to the leg press, resting for 10 minutes before beginning the exercise trial.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 (Figure 1) for the rest trial, lying supine on a treatment bed participants underwent 2 × 1 minute inflations at 40% and 80% LOP, in that order, separated by 5 minutes of rest. 17,18 Participants then moved to the leg press, resting for 10 minutes before beginning the exercise trial. The exercise experimental protocols involved unilateral leg press exercise and were matched for load (30% 1RM), sets (4), repetitions (75), pressure (80% LOP) and contraction cycle (1 s concentric/1 s eccentric) using a metronome.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interface pressure, perceptual, and mean arterial pressure responses to different blood flow restriction systems

Hughes

Rosenblatt

Gissane³

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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This study examined the cuff to limb interface pressure during blood flow restriction (BFR), and the perceptual and mean arterial pressure responses, in different BFR systems. Eighteen participants attended three experimental sessions in a randomised, crossover, counterbalanced design. Participants underwent inflations at 40% and 80% limb occlusive pressure (LOP) at rest and completed 4 sets of unilateral leg press exercise at 30% of one repetition maximum with BFR at 80% LOP. Different BFR systems were used each session: an automatic rapid-inflation (RI), automatic personalized tourniquet (PT) and manual handheld pump and sphygmomanometer (HS) system. Interface pressure was measured using a universal interface device with pressure sensors. Perceived exertion and pain were measured after each set, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured pre-, 1-minute post- and 5-minutes post-exercise. Interface pressure was lower than the set pressure in all BFR systems at rest (P < .05). Interface pressure was, on average, 10 ± 8 and 48 ± 36 mm Hg higher than the set pressure in the RI and HS system (P < .01), with no differences observed in the PT system (P > .05), during exercise. Pain and exertion were greater in sets 3 and 4 in the RI and HS system compared to the PT system (P < .05). MAP was higher in the RI and HS system compared to the PT system at 1-minute and 5-minutes post-exercise (P < .05). BFR systems applying higher pressures amplify mean arterial pressure and perceptual responses. Automatic BFR systems appear to regulate pressure effectively within an acceptable range during BFR exercise.

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Low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction improves vascular endothelial function and peripheral blood circulation in healthy elderly people

Cited by 134 publications

References 49 publications

Blood flow restriction training in clinical musculoskeletal rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Blood flow restriction training in clinical musculoskeletal rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Amino Acid Sensing in Skeletal Muscle

Interface pressure, perceptual, and mean arterial pressure responses to different blood flow restriction systems

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