Low iron availability in continuous<i>in vitro</i>colonic fermentations induces strong dysbiosis of the child gut microbial consortium and a decrease in main metabolites

Dostal, Alexandra; Fehlbaum, Sophie; Chassard, Christophe; Zimmermann, Michael; Lacroix, Christophe

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01461.x

Cited by 112 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…Evidence is emerging that feeding minerals above an animal's nutritional requirements may also promote gut microbiota, either by meeting special microbial nutrient needs or by influencing environmental conditions in the gut lumen for microbial growth (12)(13)(14). High dietary calcium-phosphorus (CaP) levels were used to promote intestinal lactobacilli and decrease enterobacteria, including pathogens, in rats (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

Changing Dietary Calcium-Phosphorus Level and Cereal Source Selectively Alters Abundance of Bacteria and Metabolites in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tracts of Weaned Pigs

Metzler‐Zebeli

Mann

Schmitz‐Esser

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

101

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Several dietary ingredients may affect the bacterial community structure and metabolism in the porcine gut and may therefore influence animals' health and performance. This study investigated the effects of cereal source and calcium-phosphorus (CaP) level in the diet on bacterial microbiota and metabolites, nutrient intake, and gut environment in weaned pigs. Pigs (n ‫؍‬ 8/treatment) were fed wheat-barley-or corn-based diets with an adequate or high CaP level for 14 days. Effects on microbiota in the stomach, ileum, and midcolon were assessed using quantitative PCR. Data showed that Enterobacteriaceae, Campylobacter spp., and Helicobacter spp., which all contain highly immune reactive lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were abundant at all gut sites. Diet effects on bacteria and metabolites were moderate and occurred mainly in the upper gut, whereas no effects on bacteria, fermentation products, and LPS could be observed in the colon. Differences in carbohydrate intake with corn versus wheat-barley diets selectively stimulated Bifidobacterium in the stomach and ileum. There was a growth advantage for a few bacterial groups in the stomach and ileum of pigs fed the high versus adequate CaP level (i.e., gastric Enterobacteriaceae and ileal Enterococcus, Bacteroides-Prevotella-Porphyromonas, and Campylobacter). Interestingly, gastrointestinal pH was not affected by dietary CaP level. The present findings demonstrate the stability of the bacterial community and gut environment toward dietary changes even in young pigs. The results on stimulation of gastric and ileal Bifidobacterium by corn diets may be employed in nutritional strategies to support gut health after weaning.

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confidence: 99%

Changing Dietary Calcium-Phosphorus Level and Cereal Source Selectively Alters Abundance of Bacteria and Metabolites in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tracts of Weaned Pigs

Metzler‐Zebeli

Mann

Schmitz‐Esser

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

101

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“…siderophores or via direct membrane protein binding (Raymond et al 2015). conditions (Dostal et al 2013, Dostal et al 2015. Considering the above, the level of iron in the gut can be manipulated to prevent the outgrowth of pathogens.…”

Section: Microbiota-targeted Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-feeding interactions of gut symbionts driven by human milk oligosaccharidesand mucins

Chia¹

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Chapter 4Microbial metabolic networks at the mucus layer lead to dietindependent butyrate and vitamin B12 production by intestinal symbionts 71 Chapter 5Deciphering trophic interaction between Akkermansia muciniphila and the butyrogenic gut commensal Anaerostipes caccae using a metatranscriptomic approach 97 Chapter 6General discussion 123 Chapter 7 Thesis summary & Nederlandse samenvatting 143 Appendices References 153Co-author affiliations 179Acknowledgements 183About the author 184List of publications 185 VLAG training activities 186Chapter 1 General introduction and thesis outlineChapter 1 2 General introductionHumans can be considered holobionts, consisting of cells from the host and an even larger number of microorganisms (Postler and Ghosh 2017). The majority of microbes are residing in the gut (Sender et al 2016). The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem consisting of bacteria, archaea, microeukaryotes and viruses (Clemente et al 2012). Over 2000 species-level phylotypes (prokaryotes including bacteria and archaea) have been detected for the gut microbiota, with each individual estimated to host at least 160 species (Qin et al 2010, Zoetendal et al 2008. The gut microbiota may impact the well-being of human and susceptibility for diseases by interacting with our metabolic, immune and neurological system (Honda and Littman 2016, Koh et al 2016, Rogers et al 2016. Furthermore, the gut microbiota contributes to a variety of metabolic functions and can be seen as an essential part of our digestive system (El Kaoutari et al 2013). Bacterial symbionts allow the human hosts to utilise inaccessible nutrients by converting complex substrates to short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and vitamins (Fisher et al 2017). Bacterial-derived SCFAs are estimated to contribute about 10% of our daily caloric requirement (Bergman 1990). While all SCFAs are vital for maintaining gut homeostasis, butyrate is of particular interest because it has been attributed to a range of health-promoting functions. Butyrate is the primary energy source for colonic epithelial cells and is associated with the enhancement of colonic barrier function, increase of satiety, pain relief, anti-inflammatory responses, and protection against colorectal cancer (Banasiewicz et al 2013, Bolognini et al 2016, Donohoe et al 2011, Furusawa et al 2013, Goncalves and Martel 2013.Considering the physiological benefits of butyrate to human health, this thesis investigates the microbial interaction of gut symbionts that support butyrate production driven primarily by the host produced glycans in human milk and mucus. Glycans are compounds consisting of an array of glycosidically linked monosaccharides (monosaccharides and disaccharides are collectively termed sugars) such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS) and mucins (Varki and Kornfeld 2017). HMOS present in mother milk are the major compositional and functional driver of the infant gut microbiota (Backhed et al 2015). Mucin glycans covering the intestinal lining create a stable niche for bacterial coloni...

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“…and Eubacterium hallii, using specific primers (online Supplementary Table S2). Standard curves for each target group were prepared as described previously (28) , and assays were carried out using the KAPA SYBR ® FAST qPCR Kit (Kapa Biosystems, Inc.) in a reaction volume of 25 μl. A TaqMan assay was carried out for the enumeration of B. thermophilum with specific primers (online Supplementary Table S2) using the RT-QP2X-03WOULR Mastermix (Eurogentec S.A.) and reaction conditions set by Mathys et al (6) .…”

Section: Microbial Composition By Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bifidobacterium thermophilum RBL67 and fructo-oligosaccharides on the gut microbiota in Göttingen minipigs

Tanner

Lacroix

Del’Homme³

et al. 2015

Br J Nutr

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Modulating the gut microbiota via dietary interventions is a common strategy to enhance the natural defence mechanisms of the host. Several in vitro studies have highlighted the probiotic potential of Bifidobacterium thermophilum RBL67 (RBL67) selected for its anti-Salmonella effects. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of RBL67 alone and combined with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the gut microbiota of Göttingen minipigs. Minipigs were fed a basal diet supplemented with 8 g/d probiotic powder (1 × 10 9 CFU/g in skim milk matrix) (probiotic diet (PRO)), 8 g/d probiotic powder plus 8 g/d FOS (synbiotic diet (SYN)) or 8 g/d skim milk powder (control), following a cross-sectional study design. Faecal and caecal microbiota compositions were analysed with pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes and quantitative PCR. Metabolic activity in the caecum and colon was measured by HPLC. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that minipig faeces show close similarity to pig microbiota. During the treatments and at the time of killing of animals, RBL67 was consistently detected in faeces, caecum and colon at numbers of 10 5 -10 6 16S rRNA copies/g content after feeding PRO and SYN diets. At the time of killing of animals, significantly higher Bifidobacterium numbers in the caecum and colon of SYN-fed minipigs were measured compared with PRO. Our data indicate that the Göttingen minipig may be a suitable model for gut microbiota research in pigs. Data from this first in vivo study of RBL67 colonisation suggest that the combination with FOS may represent a valuable symbiotic strategy to increase probiotic bacteria levels and survival in gastrointestinal tracts for feed and food applications.Key words: Probiotics: Synbiotics: Gut microbiota modulation: In vivo studies: Animal modelsThe gut microbiota provides a beneficial barrier function for the host, especially against common enteropathogens such as Salmonella or Escherichia coli that are encountered in pig farms. This barrier effect is possibly enhanced by probiotic bacteria that contribute to gut microbiota modulation. Specific characteristics attributed to probiotics include competition for nutrients and adhesion sites, stimulation of SCFA, production of antimicrobial substances and modulation of the immune response (1,2) . Probiotic traits are strain-specific, and must therefore be proven for any given strain. With safe history of use, strains of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are widely represented among probiotics (2) . Bifidobacterium thermophilum strains have been primarily isolated from the bovine rumen and animal faeces, mainly calf and pig (3,4) , and have also been found in the faeces of babies (5,6) . The probiotic potential of the human faecal isolate B. thermophilum RBL67 (RBL67) was investigated in several in vitro studies. Strain RBL67 produces a bacteriocin-like substance (5,7) , adheres to human intestinal cell lines (8) and exhibits protective effects on epithelial integrity in the presence of a competing human microbiota (9) . Fu...

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Low iron availability in continuousin vitrocolonic fermentations induces strong dysbiosis of the child gut microbial consortium and a decrease in main metabolites

Cited by 112 publications

References 60 publications

Changing Dietary Calcium-Phosphorus Level and Cereal Source Selectively Alters Abundance of Bacteria and Metabolites in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tracts of Weaned Pigs

Changing Dietary Calcium-Phosphorus Level and Cereal Source Selectively Alters Abundance of Bacteria and Metabolites in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tracts of Weaned Pigs

Cross-feeding interactions of gut symbionts driven by human milk oligosaccharidesand mucins

Effect of Bifidobacterium thermophilum RBL67 and fructo-oligosaccharides on the gut microbiota in Göttingen minipigs

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