Low-Level Exposure to Lead as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Skoczyńska, Anna; Skoczyńska, Marta

doi:10.5772/30808

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“… 69 70 Lead as a heavy metal contributes to elevated blood pressure. 62 71 Patients with hypertension were often had high lead concentrations 28 72–74 and resistant hypertension was also related to high lead levels. 75 Moreover, lead exposure in individuals with hypertension might contribute to the risk of stroke due to the hypertensive effects of lead, including high blood pressure and impaired blood vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between blood lead level and risk of stroke in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesAlthough lead is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, research on this association in the Korean population remains limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between lead level and stroke in Korean adults.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013, which enrolled a representative sample of the Korean population.ParticipantsWe excluded participants younger than 20 years, missing weight data, pregnant or lactating, and missing blood lead and stroke data. A total of 11 510 participants were included in this analysis.Primary and secondary outcome measurementThe participants were classified by blood lead concentration into the low-level (≤2.189 µg/dL, n=5756) and high-level (>2.189 µg/dL, n=5754) groups. The main outcome, stroke, was assessed by information from physician diagnosis, prevalence of stroke or treatment for stroke. The ORs and 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the association between blood lead level and stroke using multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsAlthough blood lead level was not significantly associated with stroke (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.66–2.58) in the multivariate-adjusted model, in individuals with hypertension, the high-level group was 2.36-fold higher odds of stroke (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.02–5.44) compared to that in the low-level group. No association was observed in individuals with normotension (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.13–1.38, p for interaction=0.007).ConclusionThe association between blood lead concentration and stroke may be influenced by hypertension status. Our findings suggest the need for closer attention to lead exposure in patients with hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between blood lead level and risk of stroke in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, the positive correlations between blood lead level, SBP, and DBP are shown in Figure 2 . Skoczynska [ 32 ] suggested various cardiovascular mechanisms of the hypertensive effect by low doses of lead, including changes in metabolisms of catecholamines, increased activity of the central adrenergic system, decreased activity of ATP-ase, changes in transmembranal transport of ions, inhibition of Na+ secretion and increase in blood volume, increased plasma rennin activity, and enhanced free radicals generation. Moreover, our previous study revealed the relationship between the effect of lead exposure on inflammatory marker (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP) and the adverse change in SBP [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Lead Exposure, Catalase Gene, and Markers of Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress Relation to Hypertension: An Analysis Based on the EGAT Study

Sirivarasai

Chanprasertyothin

Panpunuan

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Lead has been linked to the development of hypertension via oxidative stress. Catalase plays an important role in the disposal of hydrogen peroxide in erythrocyte and its activity was determined by CAT gene. The aims of this study were to investigate (1) the association between blood levels of antioxidant markers such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, oxidative stress-marker (malondialdehyde), and blood lead level and (2) the influence of genetic polymorphism of CAT gene (rs769217) on change in blood pressure in general population of EGAT study project. This is a cross-sectional study of 332 normotensive, 432 prehypertensive, and 222 hypertensive male subjects. Hypertensive subjects had significantly higher blood lead level (5.28 μg/dL) compared to normotensive (4.41 μg/dL) and prehypertensive (4.55 μg/dL) subjects (P < 0.05). These significant findings are also found in MDA levels. Moreover, individuals with TT genotype in hypertensive group had significantly higher blood lead and MDA levels (6.06 μg/dL and 9.67 μmol/L) than those with CC genotype (5.32 μg/dL and 8.31 μmol/L, P < 0.05). Our findings suggested that decreased blood catalase activity in this polymorphism together with low level lead exposure induced lipid peroxidation may be responsible for hypertension.

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“…A clear outline from previous works is that now is accepted that even low-level Pb 2+ exposomes increase cardiovascular risk and that not all of the cardiac damage produced by lead is secondary to the promotion of other diseases by the Pb 2+ exposome (Skoczynska and Skoczynsk, 2012;Williams et al, 1983). The agonistic binding of Pb 2+ and Ca 2+ to the myosin light chains in smooth muscles surrounding cardiac vessels may be important in explaining why hypertension is often linked to people living in Pb 2+ exposomes (Chao et al, 1995).…”

Section: Cardiac Effects Of the Lead Exposomementioning

confidence: 99%