Low levels of nitrogen addition stimulate decomposition by boreal forest fungi

Allison, Steven D.; LeBauer, David; Ofrecio, M. Rosario; Reyes, Randy; Ta, Anh Minh; Tran, Tri Manh

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.10.032

Cited by 193 publications

(137 citation statements)

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“…WSD is also categorized Sustainability 2017, 9, 130 9 of 14 as a hardwood with a low N/C ratio, but in our case mineralization did not seem to be enhanced by the lower N addition. It has to be mentioned, though, that both ratios of N/C used in the present study were higher than 20 µg N/200 mg of substrate and actually the lowest ratio used (4 mg/g·C) is comparable to the higher ratio used by Allison et al [29], whereas there was no significant effect. As far as the effect of AN on the decomposition of lignin is concerned, in the study of Allison et al [29] there was no significant effect for both ratios tested compared to the control, which is consistent with the findings of the present study.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Cocontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…It has to be mentioned, though, that both ratios of N/C used in the present study were higher than 20 µg N/200 mg of substrate and actually the lowest ratio used (4 mg/g·C) is comparable to the higher ratio used by Allison et al [29], whereas there was no significant effect. As far as the effect of AN on the decomposition of lignin is concerned, in the study of Allison et al [29] there was no significant effect for both ratios tested compared to the control, which is consistent with the findings of the present study. D'Agostini et al [30] have examined the effect of different C/N ratios (5-30, corresponding to~100 mg·N/g·C-16 mg·N/g·C) in lacasse production, during growth of three different basidiomycetes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes, and Agaricus blazei on soybean hulls, by adding N in the form of AN and/or UR.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Cocontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…This assumption is further supported by the increased amount of phenolics that were detected in those cultures after 28 day of cultivation ( Table 3) that was 100% higher than in all other cases, which are assumed to accumulate rather than be consumed due to low activity of the fungus. Allison et al [29] have reported that during decomposition experiments of different hardwoods supplemented with 20 or 200 µg N per 200 mg of substrate in the form of AN, using the basidiomycetes Pholiota carbonaria and Agrocybe praecox, mineralization of the substrates was enhanced for the lower N/C contents compared to control, but it is significant only for those substrates that had extremely low initial N concentrations. WSD is also categorized Sustainability 2017, 9, 130 9 of 14 as a hardwood with a low N/C ratio, but in our case mineralization did not seem to be enhanced by the lower N addition.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this study the effect of nitrogen (N) supplementation in the fungal pretreatment of willow sawdust (WSD) via the white rot fungus Abortiporus biennis (A. biennis) was studied in terms of the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass and biochemical methane potential (BMP). Thus, different external nitrogen sources (yeast extract (YE), urea (UR), and ammonium nitrate (AN)) at different ratios (N/C of 1/250 and 1/50) were added and the effect of the above parameters on the chemical composition of WSD during solid-state fermentation (SSF) experiments with A. biennis was assessed and compared to the experiment of fungal pretreatment without N supplementation (N/C was 1/500, control experiment). The results indicated that the addition of an external nitrogen source did not facilitate delignification, regardless of the type of nitrogen source and the ratio of N/C used. On the other hand, enhanced cellulose uptake was observed. Samples of the 28th day of cultivation, with and without N supplementation, were used for BMP tests, where a reduction in methane yield was observed, compared to the control experiment. In addition, a combination of fungal with alkali (20% NaOH w/w dry mass) pretreatment was performed in order to assess the effect of combined pretreatment on the lignocellulosic content and the BMP.

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Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Cocontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Cocontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

et al. 2017

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“…3). This might be evidence that, in the case of wood, low N availability in fallow decreased loss of C. Fungal species that degrade wood in forest ecosystems work under very low N supply, but can increase wood decomposition with modest increases in N availability (Allison et al, 2009). The plots receiving wood amendments had greater C/N ratio (treatment mean = 13.4) than any other plots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen After Application of Nine Organic Amendments

Wuest

Gollany

2012

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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The amount and type of C‐containing amendments applied to soil can have an influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) levels. To test the hypothesis that amendment type is more important than amount, we applied 250 g C m−2 as manure, legume foliage, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) residue, municipal biosolid, wood sawdust, brassica (Brassica napus L.) residue, composted wheat residue, sucrose, and cotton linters to both fallow soil and an annual winter wheat crop for five consecutive years. After an additional 3.5 yr with no inputs and all plots being fallow, the SOC of biosolid, manure, and wood amended plots were significantly (P < 0.0001) greater than the unamended check. The application of biosolid increased SOC 492 g m−2, and manure increased SOC 316 g m−2, over the fallow check plots in the top 300 kg m−2 of soil (approximately 0–25 cm). The increase in SOC relative to the check ranged from 0 to 39% of the amendment C applied. The SOC content was 482 g m−2 greater under continuous winter wheat than under fallow. The amendment and wheat crop effects on soil C and N changed little during the 3.5 yr after treatments ended, indicating that decomposition occurred soon after application. Wood sawdust was unique in that it increased SOC even though it was low in N content, and it changed the soil C/N ratio from 12.3 to 13.4. This field research demonstrated that amendments applied at the same C rate can have variable effects on SOC accretion.

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“…Ultimately, prey stressed by predation risk increase their body C:N ratio 7,10 , making them poorer quality resources for the soil microbial pool likely due to lower availability of labile N for microbial enzyme production 6 . Thus, decomposition of carcasses of stressed herbivores has a priming effect on the functioning of microbial communities that decreases subsequent ability to of microbes to decompose plant litter 6,10,11 . We present the methodology to evaluate linkages between predation risk and litter decomposition by soil microbes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

Schmitz

Bradford

Hawlena

2013

JoVE

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The quantity and quality of detritus entering the soil determines the rate of decomposition by microbial communities as well as recycle rates of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) sequestration 1,2 . Plant litter comprises the majority of detritus 3 , and so it is assumed that decomposition is only marginally influenced by biomass inputs from animals such as herbivores and carnivores 4,5 . However, carnivores may influence microbial decomposition of plant litter via a chain of interactions in which predation risk alters the physiology of their herbivore prey that in turn alters soil microbial functioning when the herbivore carcasses are decomposed 6 . A physiological stress response by herbivores to the risk of predation can change the C:N elemental composition of herbivore biomass 7,8,9 because stress from predation risk increases herbivore basal energy demands that in nutrient-limited systems forces herbivores to shift their consumption from N-rich resources to support growth and reproduction to C-rich carbohydrate resources to support heightened metabolism 6 . Herbivores have limited ability to store excess nutrients, so stressed herbivores excrete N as they increase carbohydrate-C consumption 7 . Ultimately, prey stressed by predation risk increase their body C:N ratio 7,10 , making them poorer quality resources for the soil microbial pool likely due to lower availability of labile N for microbial enzyme production 6 . Thus, decomposition of carcasses of stressed herbivores has a priming effect on the functioning of microbial communities that decreases subsequent ability to of microbes to decompose plant litter 6,10,11 . We present the methodology to evaluate linkages between predation risk and litter decomposition by soil microbes. We describe how to: induce stress in herbivores from predation risk; measure those stress responses, and measure the consequences on microbial decomposition. We use insights from a model grassland ecosystem comprising the hunting spider predator (Pisuarina mira), a dominant grasshopper herbivore (Melanoplus femurrubrum),and a variety of grass and forb plants 9 . Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at https://www.jove.com/video/50061/ Protocol Rearing Grasshoppers Under Stress and Stress Free Conditions1. Use 0.5 m 2 circular, closed mesocosms to prevent emigration or immigration of animal species (Figure 1). Construct mesocosms using 2.4 m lengths of 1.5 m high ¼" mesh aluminum fence as a scaffolding. Cover the fencing with 2.5 m lengths 1.75 m high aluminum window screening folded over the top and bottom of the fencing and stapled together along fold. Join the fencing ends to form a closed circle and then staple the overlapping window screening together to create a seal. Set the mesocosm into the soil in the field by digging a 10 cm deep by 4 cm wide trench around the base of the mesocosom, sink the mesocosm into the trench and then tamp the sod of the trench around the sunken part of the mesocosm. Staple a circular piece of window screening to the top of...

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Low levels of nitrogen addition stimulate decomposition by boreal forest fungi

Cited by 193 publications

References 50 publications

Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen After Application of Nine Organic Amendments

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

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