Low light intensity increased survival of coral spat in aquaculture

Ramsby, B. D.; Emonnot, F.; Flores, F.; Schipper, S.; Diaz-Pulido, G.; Abdul Wahab, M. A.; Severati, A.; Negri, A. P.

doi:10.1007/s00338-024-02489-6

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 69 publications

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“…Upon arrival at UTS, corals were maintained in an 800 L aquarium (University of Technology Sydney) containing artificial seawater maintained at 35 PSU (Reef Crystals, Instant Ocean, Aquarium Systems, Wicklife, OH, USA), measured daily using a digital refractometer (HI 96,800, Hanna Instruments, Woonsocket, RI, USA). Light was delivered on a 12:12 h light: dark cycle by three LED lights (Hydra 52, AquaIllumination, Ames, IA, USA) with a daily maximum intensity of ~ 150 µmol photons m − 2 s − 1 of blue-white light as measured directly above the colony surface (See Hughes et al, 2022 ); maintaining a slightly reduced light level can improve the health of newly introduced corals in aquaculture, as well as minimising competition from crustose coralline algae and macroalgae (Ramsby et al, 2024 ). Temperature was maintained at 25 ± 0.5 °C (checked daily).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paired metabolomics and volatilomics provides insight into transient high light stress response mechanisms of the coral Montipora mollis

Bartels,

Matthews,

Lawson

et al. 2024

Metabolomics

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The coral holobiont is underpinned by complex metabolic exchanges between different symbiotic partners, which are impacted by environmental stressors. The chemical diversity of the compounds produced by the holobiont is high and includes primary and secondary metabolites, as well as volatiles. However, metabolites and volatiles have only been characterised in isolation so far. Here, we applied a paired metabolomic-volatilomic approach to characterise holistically the chemical response of the holobiont under stress. Montipora mollis fragments were subjected to high-light stress (8-fold higher than the controls) for 30 min. Photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency values were 7-fold higher in control versus treatment corals immediately following high-light exposure, but returned to pre-stress levels after 30 min of recovery. Under high-light stress, we identified an increase in carbohydrates (> 5-fold increase in arabinose and fructose) and saturated fatty acids (7-fold increase in myristic and oleic acid), together with a decrease in fatty acid derivatives in both metabolites and volatiles (e.g., 80% decrease in oleamide and nonanal), and other antioxidants (~ 85% decrease in sorbitol and galactitol). These changes suggest short-term light stress induces oxidative stress. Correlation analysis between volatiles and metabolites identified positive links between sorbitol, galactitol, six other metabolites and 11 volatiles, with four of these compounds previously identified as antioxidants. This suggests that these 19 compounds may be related and share similar functions. Taken together, our findings demonstrate how paired metabolomics-volatilomics may illuminate broader metabolic shifts occurring under stress and identify linkages between uncharacterised compounds to putatively determine their functions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paired metabolomics and volatilomics provides insight into transient high light stress response mechanisms of the coral Montipora mollis

Bartels,

Matthews,

Lawson

et al. 2024

Metabolomics

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The interplay of temperature, light, and substrate type in driving growth and reproduction of an important tropical crustose coralline alga

Fong,

Jackson,

Flores

et al. 2024

J Appl Phycol

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Crustose coralline algae (CCA) from the genus Titanoderma are reported to induce high levels of coral larval settlement across a wide diversity of species. Consequently, Titanoderma is a promising taxon to cultivate in aquaculture facilities for application in coral reef restoration projects. However, knowledge on the optimum conditions to promote growth and reproduction in Titanoderma is limited. To investigate this, we cultured adult fragments of Titanoderma sp. at two temperatures (27.5 or 30 °C) and two light levels (mean maximum midday irradiance of 10 or 40 µmol photons m−2 s−1) on three different tile materials (CaCO3, concrete, or PVC). We found that the combination of 27.5 °C and 40 µmol photons m−2 s−1 were best for adult fragment growth. Greater number of conceptacles were formed under higher light intensities, while temperature did not have an influence. Sporeling settlement and subsequent growth into juveniles were only evident at 40 µmol photons m−2 s−1, with substantially higher recruitment on substrates made of concrete. These results provide important insights for developing optimal conditions to cultivate Titanoderma sp. in aquaculture facilities to support reef restoration projects using sexually produced corals.

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Shading does not lower thermal tolerance in the coralMontipora capitata: implications for conservation intervention

Ducret,

Suchocki,

Bardin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Marine heatwaves trigger severe coral bleaching events that result in dramatic losses of coral reefs worldwide. An increasingly common method used to mitigate coral bleaching is to shade portions of reefs. However, as shaded corals become less exposed to environmental stress, shading has also been hypothesized to lower their thermal tolerance, which would be detrimental for their survival. Here, we investigated how long-term shading modifies the response of Montipora capitata to both light and temperature stressors. After two years of growth, we used the Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS) to compare responses of 73% shaded and unshaded corals during 1) temperature stress under ambient light, 2) temperature stress under low light, and 3) ambient temperature with light stress. Results show that shaded corals are less resistant than control ones to light stress and to heat stress under high light, but not to heat stress under low light, where no difference was detected. We further demonstrate that low light intensity during heat stress reduces the decline of photosynthetic efficiency when compared to heat stress at ambient light, regardless of the light history of the coral colonies. Our data support light-mediated stress, both independent of and synergistic with heat-induced stress, and suggest that light and heat stresses trigger different molecular and cellular pathways. We hereby confirm the benefits of coral shading under both short- and long-term temperature stress, and underline the importance of light acclimation in the conservation and restoration of coral reefs.

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Low light intensity increased survival of coral spat in aquaculture

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

Paired metabolomics and volatilomics provides insight into transient high light stress response mechanisms of the coral Montipora mollis

Paired metabolomics and volatilomics provides insight into transient high light stress response mechanisms of the coral Montipora mollis

The interplay of temperature, light, and substrate type in driving growth and reproduction of an important tropical crustose coralline alga

Shading does not lower thermal tolerance in the coralMontipora capitata: implications for conservation intervention

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