Low-loss passive polymer optical waveguides with high environmental stability

Usui, Mitsuo; Hikita, Makoto; Watanabe, Toshio; Amano, Michiyuki; Sugawara, Shinji; Hayashida, Shoichi; Imamura, Saburo

doi:10.1109/50.541226

Cited by 94 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[1][2][3] Polymers have especially emerged as a promising class of optical waveguide materials due to their easy processibility and costeffective technology. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The key requirements imposed on the polymeric materials include low optical transmission loss at the telecommunication wavelength region (1.3 and 1.55 m) and sufficient temperature and environmental stability to withstand typical fabrication processing and operation conditions. In polymers, optical propagation losses at around 1.3 to 1.55 m wavelength are caused by the vibration absorption overtone of the COH bond, and can be decreased by substituting hydrogen with a heavy atom such as deuterium, fluorine, and chlorine atom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinkable fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) bearing phenyl ethynyl moiety for low‐loss polymer optical waveguide devices

Lee

et al. 1998

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinkable fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) bearing phenyl ethynyl moiety for low‐loss polymer optical waveguide devices

Lee

et al. 1998

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…The propagation loss of the straight waveguides at 1.55 m was measured by the cut-back method. 13,17 The 28.5-mm long straight waveguide was shortened by 8 mm with each cut, and the transmission loss was measured from the difference between input and output light intensities by an optical power meter. The incident light beam was introduced to the waveguides through single mode fibers with a mode-field diameter of 10 m. The horizontal axis is the length of the waveguides in cm and the vertical axis is the loss in dB.…”

Section: Fabrication and Characterization Of Rib-type Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-loss passive polymer waveguides by using chlorofluorinated polyimides

Han

Lee

Rhee

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Chlorofluorinated polyimides were prepared from 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA), 2,2Ј-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4Ј-diaminobiphenyl (PFMB), and 2,2Ј-dichloro-4,4Ј-diaminobiphenyl (DCB) for optical waveguide applications. The resulting optical polymers exhibited good thermal stability, controllable refractive index, and low optical loss in the optical communication wavelengths of 1.3 and 1.55 m. The control of refractive indices of the polymers was achieved by copolymerization of 6FDA/PFMB and 6FDA/DCB. As the amount of DCB was increased, the refractive indices of polymer were increased. The effect of addition of chlorine on optical properties of polymers such as absorption loss in the near-IR region were also investigated. Rib-type optical waveguides were fabricated using these chlorofluorinated polyimides. These waveguides exhibited low loss of less than 0.4 dB/cm for both TE and TM polarizations.

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“…In the range of telecommunication wavelengths (1500-1600 nm), the transparency is increased by the replacement of a part of C-H bonds by C-F bonds [13], also providing refractive index tunability and a decrease in PMMAs sensitivity to moisture [14]. This problem can be solved by already-designed polymers including deuterated fluoromethacrylates or polysiloxanes [12,15], fluorinated polyimides [14,16], and perfluorocyclobutane aromatic ether polymers [17]. Unfortunately, these polymers are relatively expensive for both consumer and end user.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerization and thermal study of the new methacrylate derivative of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol

Demirci

Podkościelna

Bartnicki

et al. 2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In this study, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl methacrylate (TClPhMA) was synthesized by the reaction of methacryloyl chloride with 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in the ice bath condition. The obtained monomer was extracted by chloroform and purified on a chromatography column. In order to confirm the chemical structure of the new compound, spectroscopic studies (ATR-FTIR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and GC-MS) were undertaken. The obtained TClPhMA was copolymerized with commercially available monomers such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, 1,4-divinylbenzene and 2-hydroxymethyl methacrylate. The copolymers were obtained by bulk polymerization in which benzoyl peroxide was used as a free radical initiator. The thermal properties of the copolymers were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry.

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Low-loss passive polymer optical waveguides with high environmental stability

Cited by 94 publications

References 10 publications

Crosslinkable fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) bearing phenyl ethynyl moiety for low‐loss polymer optical waveguide devices

Crosslinkable fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) bearing phenyl ethynyl moiety for low‐loss polymer optical waveguide devices

Low-loss passive polymer waveguides by using chlorofluorinated polyimides

Copolymerization and thermal study of the new methacrylate derivative of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol

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