“…The accuracy and reproducibility of the whole method was validated using the USGS rock standards (BCR-2, BHVO-2, and BIR-1) and seawater standards (IAPSO and NASS-5). BCR-2 yielded 3.5 ± 0.2& (2r, n = 22), BHVO-2 yielded 4.5 ± 0.4& (2r, n = 5), BIR-1 yielded 3.3 ± 0.6& (2r, n = 5), IAPSO yielded 30.9 ± 0.2& (2r, n = 29), and NASS-5 yielded 30.6 ± 0.5& (2r, n = 15), which were all in good agreement with reported values (e.g., You and Chan, 1996;Moriguti and Nakamura, 1998;Tomascak et al, 1999;Nishio and Nakai, 2002;Magna et al, 2004;Huang et al, 2010;Ludwing et al, 2011).…”