Low noise, low power consumption high electron mobility transistors amplifier, for temperatures below 1 K

Oukhanski, N.; Grajcar, M.; Il’ichev, E.; Meyer, H.‐G.

doi:10.1063/1.1532539

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…To help answer these questions, measurements of this and other materials, including single-crystal diamond, at ultralow temperatures ͑10 mK-1 K͒ would be very illuminating. In addition, by combining the timedomain technique demonstrated here with very-highsensitivity readout amplifiers, 17 it may also be possible to observe discrete dissipation events. This would offer further insight into the mesoscopic behavior of these nanomechanical devices.…”

Section: J E Butlermentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissipation in nanocrystalline-diamond nanomechanical resonators

Hutchinson

Truitt

Schwab

et al. 2004

Applied Physics Letters

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We have measured the dissipation and frequency of nanocrystalline-diamond nanomechanical resonators with resonant frequencies between 13.7 MHz and 157.3 MHz, over a temperature range of 1.4 -274 K. Using both magnetomotive network analysis and a time-domain ring-down technique, we have found the dissipation in this material to have a temperature dependence roughly following T 0.2 , with Q Ϫ1 Ϸ10 Ϫ4 at low temperatures. The frequency dependence of a large dissipation feature at ϳ35-55 K is consistent with thermal activation over a 0.02 eV barrier with an attempt frequency of 10 GHz.

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Section: J E Butlermentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissipation in nanocrystalline-diamond nanomechanical resonators

Hutchinson

Truitt

Schwab

et al. 2004

Applied Physics Letters

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“…This work was motivated by microwave quantum engineering, 1-3 including quantum information processing devices. 4,5 The sensitivity of cryogenic semiconductor amplifiers with reasonable power consumption in both the MHz 6 and GHz (commercially available) range are all currently above the quantum limit. At very low temperatures it is quite natural to use the parametric effect for amplification which adds no additional noise to the signal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric amplification by coupled flux qubits

et al. 2014

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We report the parametric amplification of a microwave signal in a Kerr medium formed from superconducting qubits. Two mutually coupled flux qubits, embedded in the current antinode of a superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator, are used as a nonlinear element. Shared Josephson junctions provide the qubit-resonator coupling, resulting in a device with a measured gain of about 20 dB. We argue, that this arrangement represents a unit cell which can be straightforwardly extended to a quasi one-dimensional quantum metamaterial with a large tunable Kerr nonlinearity.New developments in circuit quantum electrodynamics has resulted in the possibility of signal detection close to and even below the standard quantum limit. This work was motivated by microwave quantum engineering, 1-3 including quantum information processing devices. 4,5 The sensitivity of cryogenic semiconductor amplifiers with reasonable power consumption in both the MHz 6 and GHz (commercially available) range are all currently above the quantum limit. At very low temperatures it is quite natural to use the parametric effect for amplification which adds no additional noise to the signal. In practice, a nonlinear superconducting oscillator can be used for this purpose. 7,8 In this case, usually a nonlinearity of superconducting weak links 9,10 is exploited. Very recently the squeezing of quantum noise and its measurement below the standard quantum limit was demonstrated. 11 These successful experiments have motivated the development of new parametric amplifiers based on Josephson junctions, 12,13 DC squids, 13-15 high kinetic inductance of weak links, 16 or disordered superconductors. 17 Superconducting qubits also exhibit a strong nonlinearity 18 and therefore are good candidates for parameteric amplification. 19 In this paper, we demonstrate parametric amplification exploiting the nonlinearity of a pair of superconducting flux qubits coupled to a coplanar waveguide resonator. These qubits represent a unit cell which can be easily extended to a one-dimensional array. Such an array can be considered as a medium with large Kerr nonlinearity. Neglecting the interactions between the modes, a nonlinear oscillator can be described by the Hamiltonian 20where is the reduced Planck constant, a and a † are the creation and the annihilation operators, ω n is the angular frequency of the n-th mode of the oscillator, and K n is the Kerr constant, which is a measure of the nonlinearity in the system. The qubits contribute to the nonlinear inductance of the resonator per unit length according tõ Then, the Kerr constant can be calculated by 20where u n (x) = 2 Lrl sin( nπx l ), l is the length of the resonator,L r the linear inductance of the resonator per unit length, I r the current flowing in the resonator, I cqr the critical current of the Josephson junction shared by the resonator and qubit, andL i are the Taylor coefficients characterizing the nonlinearity of the inductance. The Kerr constant can be determined for every nonlinear medium. In optics, the Kerr c...

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“…It was slightly modified from the version in ref. [13] in order to decrease its back-action on the qubit. The input-voltage noise was < 0.6 nV/ √ Hz in the range 1-25 MHz.…”

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confidence: 99%

Observation of macroscopic Landau-Zener transitions in a superconducting device

Izmalkov

Grajcar

Il’ichev³

et al. 2004

Europhys. Lett.

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Abstract. -A two-level system traversing a level anticrossing has a small probability to make a so-called Landau-Zener (LZ) transition between its energy bands, in deviation from simple adiabatic evolution. This effect takes on renewed relevance due to the observation of quantum coherence in superconducting qubits (macroscopic "Schrödinger cat" devices). We report an observation of LZ transitions in an Al three-junction qubit coupled to a Nb resonant tank circuit.In analogy to their classical counterparts, qubits are effectively two-level systems, with a time-dependent bias enabling one-qubit gate operations. Besides their computational use, this makes them suitable for studying Landau-Zener (LZ) transitions [1,2] (see below eq. (1)). One prominent qubit is a superconducting loop with low inductance L, interrupted by three Josephson junctions (a 3JJ qubit) [3]. Its Josephson energy, U J = 3 j=1 E Jj (φ j ), depends on the phase differences φ j across the junctions. In a small loop, due to magnetic flux quantization, only two φ j 's are independent.The two minima in U J (φ 1 , φ 2 ) correspond to the qubit states ψ L and ψ R , carrying opposite supercurrents around the loop. These become degenerate in the presence of an external magnetic flux Φ e = 1 2 Φ 0 (Φ 0 ≡ h/2e is the flux quantum). The potential U J is sketched in fig. 1a.

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Low noise, low power consumption high electron mobility transistors amplifier, for temperatures below 1 K

Cited by 54 publications

References 3 publications

Dissipation in nanocrystalline-diamond nanomechanical resonators

Dissipation in nanocrystalline-diamond nanomechanical resonators

Parametric amplification by coupled flux qubits

Observation of macroscopic Landau-Zener transitions in a superconducting device

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