Low optical loss planar waveguides prepared in an organic–inorganic hybrid system

Abstract

HfO 2 -(3-glycidoxipropil)trimethoxisilane (GPTS) planar waveguides were prepared by a sol–gel route. A stable sol of Hafnia nanocrystals was prepared and characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The suspension was incorporated in GPTS host and the resulting sol was deposited on borosilicate substrates by the spin coating technique. Optical properties such as refractive index, thickness, number of propagating modes, and attenuation coefficient were measured at 632.8, 543.5, and 1550 nm by the prism coupling technique as a function of the HfO2 content.

Structure and properties of Ti4+-ureasil organic-inorganic hybrids

“…Interesting enough, samples do not exhibit a single step profile with a uniform refractive index throughout the thickness as observed before for example in GLYMO-HfO 2 systems. 15 Since composition inhomogeneities are not expected, the observed gradient of the refractive index is most probably related to the inhomogeneous density throughout the sample. These density inhomogeneities could be the result of the drying process, which is more efficient in the surface region of the sample.…”

A covalent organic/inorganic hybrid proton exchange polymeric membrane: synthesis and characterization

“…The control at atomic level of the proper dosage and dispersion of the inorganic component can be reached via the preparation of Class II hybrids, where the organic and inorganic moieties are linked through covalent bonds. The peculiar macroscopic properties of hybrid materials derive by the synergic merge at the molecular scale of the component characteristics, leading to their increasing use for a variety of applications [8,13,14]. Two main types of hybrid materials can be individuated: inorganic/organic and organic/inorganic.…”

Influence of phosphorous precursors on spectroscopic properties of Er3+-activated SiO2-HfO2-P2O5planar waveguides

“…At the same time the difficulty of low solubility of rare- [5,6]; their role resides in non-bridging oxygen's formation that benefits better rare-earth ions incorporation. Moreover from a technological point of view physical and chemical deposition techniques such Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (FHD) and Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) have important drawbacks associated to the incorporation of rare earth ions in silicate glasses due to the high process temperatures in the first case [7], and the low vapour pressure of most erbium compounds in the second [8]. Therefore there is a need to investigate complementary approaches for depositing Er-doped silicate glass, which can incorporate the full range of codopants needed to tailor the Er environment.…”