Low postpandemic wave SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia

Sam, I‐Ching; Chong, Yoong Min; Tan, Chee Wah; Chan, Yoke Fun

doi:10.1002/jmv.26426

Cited by 20 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A study in Mumbai from February 2021 showed that seroprevalence in non-slums was 16.1%, while it was as high as 54.1% in slums (32). Furthermore, recent individual studies from late 2020 and early 2021 have shown seroprevalence ranging from 0.09% to 22.2% (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38). Some of these studies have used a Bayesian approach for accounting for misclassification bias, which represents more properly the data obtained in these seroprevalence studies (35,36).…”

Section: Seroprevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Responses in COVID-19: A Review

et al. 2021

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread worldwide as a severe pandemic. Although its seroprevalence is highly variable among territories, it has been reported at around 10%, but higher in health workers. Evidence regarding cross-neutralizing response between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 is still controversial. However, other previous coronaviruses may interfere with SARS-CoV-2 infection, since they are phylogenetically related and share the same target receptor. Further, the seroconversion of IgM and IgG occurs at around 12 days post onset of symptoms and most patients have neutralizing titers on days 14-20, with great titer variability. Neutralizing antibodies correlate positively with age, male sex, and severity of the disease. Moreover, the use of convalescent plasma has shown controversial results in terms of safety and efficacy, and due to the variable immune response among individuals, measuring antibody titers before transfusion is mostly required. Similarly, cellular immunity seems to be crucial in the resolution of the infection, as SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells circulate to some extent in recovered patients. Of note, the duration of the antibody response has not been well established yet.

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Section: Seroprevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Responses in COVID-19: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…A Cochrane review indicated that the combination of the detection of IgG and IgM achieved a sensitivity of 30.1% one to 7 days, 72.2% for 8 to 14 days, 91.4% for 15 to 21 days after the onset of symptoms [52]. In present study [22,25,53,54], four studies used virus neutralisation to detect serum antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, all exhibiting a sensitivity and specificity of > 98%. Neutralisation assays are more time consuming to perform (3-5 days) and are carried out in laboratories of a Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) [55]; therefore, these assays might be less suited for routine use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

First “snap-shot” meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of serum antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in humans

Rostami

Sepidarkish

Leeflang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: COVID-19 is arguably the number-one public health concern worldwide, and efforts are now escalating to control its spread. Objective: In this study, we undertake a meta-analysis to estimate the global and regional anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rates in humans and assess whether seroprevalence associates with geographical, climatic and socio-demographic factors. Data sources: We systematically reviewed PubMed, Scopus, Embase, medRxiv and bioRxiv for peer-reviewed articles or preprints (up to 14 August 2020). Study eligibility criteria: Population-based studies describing prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serum antibodies in general people. Participants: general people who were tested for prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serum antibodies. Interventions: There were no interventions. Methods: We used random-effects model to estimate pooled seroprevalence, and then extrapolated these findings to the global population (for 2020). Sub-group and meta-regression analyses explored potential sources of heterogeneity in the data and relationships between seroprevalence and socio-demographic, geographical and climatic factors. Results: In total, 47 serological studies involving 399,265 people from 23 countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in general people was estimated at 3.38% (95% CI, 3.05%-3.72%; 15,879/399,265). On a regional basis, we determined seroprevalence estimates of 5.27% (3.97-6.57%) in Northern Europe; 4.41% (2.20-6.61%) in Southern Europe; 4.41% (3.03-5.79%) in North America; 3.17% (1.96-4.38%) in Western Europe; 2.02% (1.56-2.49%) in the Eastern Asia; and 1.45% (0.95-1.94%) in South America. Extrapolating to the 2020 world population, we estimated that 263,565,606 individuals had been exposed or infected with SARS-CoV-2 at the first wave of the pandemic. A significantly higher seroprevalence was related to higher income levels and human development indices, higher geographical latitudes and lower mean environmental temperatures. Interpretation This study reinforces that SARS-CoV-2 infection is a very rapidly-spreading communicable disease and calls for routine surveys to constantly monitor temporal changes in seroprevalence around the globe.

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“…Numerous population seroprevalence studies were conducted (Bajema et al, 2020, Lai et al, 2020, Chughtai et al, 2020, McLaughlin et al, 2020, Naranbhai et al, 2020, Sam et al, 2021, Sutton et al, 2020, Menachemi et al, 2020, Silveira et al, 2020, Kar et al, 2021, Vena et al, 2020, Pollán et al, 2020, Bogogiannidou et al, 2020, Poustchi et al, 2020., Shields et al, 2020, Ng et al, 2020, Figueiredo-Campos et al, 2020, Stringhini et al, 2020, Havers et al, 2020, Ho et al, 2020, Xu et al, 2020, Qutob et al, 2020, Capai et al, 2020, Sood et al, 2020, Godbout et al, 2020, Rostami et al, 2020) in efforts to estimate the true prevalence of the COVID-19 infection. The largest seroprevalence study was the one by Bajema et al from the USA which showed by September 2020 that the estimated population seroprevalence to be less than 10% in the majority of tested communities, although it ranged from 0 up to 23.3% in the highest hit areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are also important for planning and monitoring the impact of implementation and relaxation of epidemic mitigation policies (Busch and Stone, 2021) The true prevalence of the infection is believed to be several times more than the number of PCR confirmed cases because of the large number of asymptomatic infections and or mild infections that went untested especially early in the pandemic (Huang et al, 2020, McLaughlin et al, 2020, Busch and Stone, 2021 The ratio of estimated to reported infections can range up 12.5 ( Bajema et al, 2020) Numerous population seroprevalence studies were conducted (Bajema et al, 2020, Chughtai et al, 2020, McLaughlin et al, 2020, Naranbhai et al, 2020, Sam et al, 2021, Sutton et al, 2020, Menachemi et al, 2020, Silveira et al, 2020, Kar et al, 2021, Vena et al, 2020,Pollán et al, 2020, Bogogiannidou et al, 2020, Poustchi et al, 2020., Shields et al, 2020, Ng et al, 2020, Figueiredo-Campos et al, 2020 , Sood et al, 2020, Godbout et al, 2020, Rostami et al, 2020 in efforts to estimate the true prevalence of the COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dramatic Rise of Seroprevalence Rates of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies among Healthy Blood Donors: The evolution of a Pandemic

Sughayer

Mansour

Nuirat

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in more than 106 million cases of confirmed infection and more than 2.3 million deaths worldwide as of February 11th 2021. Seroprevalence studies are extremely useful in studying and assessing the epidemiological status in the community and the degree of spread. They help decision makers in implementing or relaxing mitigating measures to contain the disease in addition to other benefits. Objective: To study the seroprevalence rates of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthy blood donors in Jordan, at various points of time as the pandemic evolves in the community. Methods: A total of 1374 blood donor were tested for the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 3 groups. The first group of 746 and the second of 348 individuals were tested in June and September of 2020 respectively. The 3rd group of 292 were tested in early February of 2021. We utilized a qualitative assay that uses Electrochemiluminescence method (ECLIA) that has a specificity and sensitivity of 99.8% and 100% respectively. Results: The first 2 groups representing the months of January to September of 2020, where the number of confirmed Covid-19 cases were several hundred to 3000 showed a seroprevalence rate of 0% (95% CI 0.00%, 0.51%). The 3rd group representing late January and early February 2021 when the number of reported confirmed case has reached 100 folds the numbers of September 2020, showed a seroprevalence of 27.4% (95% CI 22.5% and 32.9%). Conclusions: a dramatic rise in seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was seen among healthy blood donors in Jordan in parallel with wide-spread intracommunity transmission of the disease. This information is useful to assess the degree of herd immunity and provides for better understanding of the pandemic.

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Low postpandemic wave SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Antibody Responses in COVID-19: A Review

Antibody Responses in COVID-19: A Review

First “snap-shot” meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of serum antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in humans

Dramatic Rise of Seroprevalence Rates of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies among Healthy Blood Donors: The evolution of a Pandemic

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