Low-Power Wireless Sensor Network Using Fine-Grain Control of Sensor Module Power Mode

Abstract

Wireless sensor nodes are heavily resource-constrained due to their edge form factor, which has motivated increasing battery life through low-power techniques. This paper proposes a power management method that leads to less energy consumption in an idle state than conventional power management systems used in wireless sensor nodes. We analyze and benchmark the power consumption between Sleep, Idle, and Run modes. To reduce sensor node power consumption, we develop fine-grained power modes (FGPM) with five states which modulate energy consumption according to the sensor node’s communication status. We evaluate the proposed method on a test bench Mica2. As a result, the power consumed is 74.2% lower than that of conventional approaches. The proposed method targets the reduction of power consumption in IoT sensor modules with long sleep mode or short packet data in which most networks operate.

Towards Self-Powered WSN: The Design of Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Sensor Transmission Unit Based on Indoor Solar Energy Harvester

“…The maximum outdoor solar irradiance is (1000 w/m2), where the total size of the solar panel is (11.65 23 𝑐𝑚 ). The outdoor efficiency of the P-c solar panels can be estimated as in (8), where FF is the fill factor as in (7). According to P. R.Michael et al [35], for an indoor environment with LED light, the conversation between irradiance and luminance can be estimated as in (9).…”

“…Power management in WSN devices is always a challenging issue. Such devices are required to operate in remote locations for several years without charging or replacing the storage element, compared with other battery-powered devices such as mobile phones [6,7]. Battery management techniques, low power MCUs, and low power communication technologies are required to mitigate the power consumption in WSN systems.…”

Towards Self-Powered WSN: The Design of Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Sensor Transmission Unit Based on Indoor Solar Energy Harvester

“…The efficiency of the solar cell 𝜂 is related to the ratio between the input power and the maximum output power. The input power in the outdoor situation is the solar irradiance (1000 w/m2); hence the total size of the solar panel is (11.65 × 23 𝑐𝑚 ) the outdoor efficiency of the P-c solar panels can be estimated as in (8) where FF is the fill factor as in (7). According to P. R.Michael et al [35], for an indoor environment with LED light, the conversation between irradiance and luminance can be estimated as in (9); therefore, the indoor efficiency of the solar panels can be calculated as in (11).…”

“…Power management in WSN devices is always a challenging issue. Such devices are required to operate in remote locations for several years without charging or replacing the storage element, compared with other battery-powered devices like mobile phones [6,7]. Battery management techniques, low power MCUs and low power communication technologies are required to mitigate the power consumption in WSN systems.…”

“…Battery management techniques, low power MCUs and low power communication technologies are required to mitigate the power consumption in WSN systems. The new emerging Long-Range (LoRa), lowenergy consumption radio modulation technology enables wireless sensor devices to communicate through a low-power consumption profile, compared with other widely used wireless communication technologies like ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wi-fi, and cellular communication bands [7][8][9]. Due to modulation bandwidth limitations, LoRa technology can only be used be used for low data transfer rate applications [10][11][12].…”