Low Pressure System and Blood Volume Regulating Hormones after Prolonged Exercise

Kirsch, Katharina; Risch, Wolf D.; Mund, U.; Röcker, L.; Stosoy, H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-5523-5_36

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similar long-lasting effects of dynamic exercise on the mean arterial and central venous pressures have previously been reported by Grimby et al . (1%) and Kirsch et al (1973Kirsch et al ( , 1975, respectively. These observations suggest that persistent vasodilatation in exercised muscles may have remained a predisposing factor throughout the 2 h observation period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Orthostatic reactions during recovery from exhaustive exercise of short duration

Bjurstedt

Rosenhamer

Balldin

et al. 1983

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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We studied the responses of six healthy volunteers to standard 70 degrees head-up tilt tests before exhaustive exercise of short duration (control) and after 5, 25, 50, 80, and 110 min of recovery, all tests lasting for 6 min except when impending syncope (IS) necessitated premature termination of a test. Marked impairment of orthostatic tolerance was apparent during the first half-hour of recovery as manifested by symptoms of IS in five subjects in one or both of the first two postexercise tilt tests. In none of the subjects who developed symptoms of IS did central venous pressure fall to a lower level than it did in the control test. From the central venous and arterial pressure reactions we conclude that when IS developed, declining systematic resistance rather than diminished cardiac filling was the responsive factor. The increased tendency for orthostatic collapse occurred during a period of recovery marked by persistent postexercise acidemia and hyperthermia suggesting interference of these conditions and associated events with the normal ability to vasoconstrict during orthostasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Orthostatic reactions during recovery from exhaustive exercise of short duration

Bjurstedt

Rosenhamer

Balldin

et al. 1983

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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“…Alternatively to hypoxia‐related signals, the filling state of (and/or blood volume distribution in) the cardiovascular system, as reflected by CVP, is markedly reduced during several hours after whole‐body exercise (Kirsch et al . , ). This is detected by veno‐atrial and central arterial stretch receptors that stimulate the secretion of BV‐regulating hormones possibly contributing to the erythropoietic response (Montero et al .…”

Section: Physiological Adaptations Of Importance For Improving Vo2maxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of VO₂max: looking under the physiology lamp

2016

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In this review, we argue that several key features of maximal oxygen uptake (VO max) should underpin discussions about the biological and reductionist determinants of its interindividual variability: (i) training-induced increases in VO max are largely facilitated by expansion of red blood cell volume and an associated improvement in stroke volume, which also adapts independent of changes in red blood cell volume. These general concepts are also informed by cross-sectional studies in athletes that have very high values for VO max. Therefore, (ii) variations in VO max improvements with exercise training are also likely related to variations in these physiological determinants. (iii) All previously untrained individuals will respond to endurance exercise training in terms of improvements in VO max provided the stimulus exceeds a certain volume and/or intensity. Thus, genetic analysis and/or reductionist studies performed to understand or predict such variations might focus specifically on DNA variants or other molecular phenomena of relevance to these physiological pathways.

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“…However, the observation of higher increases in RBCV than PV after 6 weeks of ExT suggests that RBCV expansion might be, at least in part, independent of PV (Montero et al., ,b). Alternatively to hypoxia‐related signals, attention should be given to the marked reduction in central venous pressure during several hours after exercise involving half or more total muscle mass (e.g, running, cycling) (Kirsch et al., , ). This major hemodynamic alteration is detected by veno‐atrial and central arterial stretch receptors that prompt the secretion of BV‐regulating hormones such as vasopressin and angiotensin II directly stimulating erythropoietin synthesis (Montero et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the underlying mechanisms, cardiopulmonary baroreflex dysfunction related to impaired arterial compliance has been proposed to limit ExT-induced BV expansion with advanced age (Stachenfeld et al, 1998). While speculative, reduced baroreflex sensitivity may affect the release of BV-regulating hormones governing fluid homeostasis as well as inducing erythropoiesis (Kirsch et al, 1975;Thrasher, 1994;Jelkmann, 2011). In addition, aging may abolish the increase in circulating proteins and thereby oncotic pressure associated with ExT (Convertino et al, 1980;Stachenfeld et al, 1998;Okazaki et al, 2009), as well as diminish thirst drive and fluid intake with exercise (Takamata et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red cell volume response to exercise training: Association with aging

Montero

Lundby

2016

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Red blood cell volume (RBCV) is a main determinant of cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy individuals. However, it remains controversial to what extent exercise training (ExT) enhances RBCV. Therefore, we sought to systematically review and determine the effect of ExT on RBCV in healthy individuals across all ages. We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, since their inceptions until February 2016 for articles assessing the effect of ExT interventions (not including hypoxic training) on blood volumes in healthy individuals. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the mean difference (MD) in RBCV between post- and pre-ExT measurements. Thirty studies were included after systematic review, comprising a total of 299 healthy individuals (mean age = 19-71 years, 271 males). Exercise training programs primarily consisted in lower limb endurance training interventions (mean duration = 15.2 weeks). After data pooling, RBCV was not increased following ExT (MD = 49 mL, 95% CI = -11, 108; P = 0.11). In subgroup analyses, RBCV was increased after ExT in young and middle-aged individuals (mean age <60 year) (n = 106, MD = 81 mL, 95% CI = 0, 162; P < 0.05) but not in older study participants (mean age ≥60 year) (n = 110, MD = 13 mL, 95% CI = -76, 102; P = 0.77). Heterogeneity was not detected among studies in young and middle-aged (I = 0%) and older individuals (I = 0%). In conclusion, RBCV is moderately, yet consistently, enhanced by ExT in young and middle-aged but not in older healthy individuals. Therefore, RBCV adaptations to ExT appear to be age dependent.

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Low Pressure System and Blood Volume Regulating Hormones after Prolonged Exercise

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Orthostatic reactions during recovery from exhaustive exercise of short duration

Orthostatic reactions during recovery from exhaustive exercise of short duration

Biology of VO₂max: looking under the physiology lamp

Red cell volume response to exercise training: Association with aging

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Low Pressure System and Blood Volume Regulating Hormones after Prolonged Exercise

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Orthostatic reactions during recovery from exhaustive exercise of short duration

Orthostatic reactions during recovery from exhaustive exercise of short duration

Biology of VO2max: looking under the physiology lamp

Red cell volume response to exercise training: Association with aging

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Product

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Biology of VO₂max: looking under the physiology lamp