Low prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with a positive rtRT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional study during the 2020 pandemic

Bedolla-Barajas, Martín; Morales-Romero, Jaime; Bedolla-Pulido, Tonatiuh Ramsés; Meza-López, Carlos; Robles-Figueroa, Martín; Pulido-Guillén, Norma Angélica; Orozco-Alatorre, Luis Gustavo; Andrade-Castellanos, Carlos A

doi:10.15586/aei.v49i3.7

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A nationwide cohort of 219,959 South Korean adults reported a slightly higher risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 among individuals with asthma, 16 while a study of 400,000 children and adults in Mexico reported a lower prevalence of individuals with asthma among those testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. 17 Moreover, studies of pediatric populations have not identified an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children with asthma. A retrospective, single-site EHR-based study in the United States of 7,256 children tested for SARS-CoV-2 found that the asthma prevalence among children who tested positive for the virus was approximately the same as the overall pediatric asthma prevalence among children in the network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents

Rao¹,

Hurst

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE Over 6 million pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections have occurred in the United States, but risk factors for infection remain poorly defined. We sought to evaluate the association between asthma and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among children. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children 5 to 17 years of age receiving care through the Duke University Health System and who had a Durham County, NC residential address. Children were classified as having asthma using previously validated electronic health record-based definitions. SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified based on positive PCR testing of respiratory samples collected between March 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. We matched children with asthma 1:1 to children without asthma using propensity scores and used Poisson regression to evaluate the association between asthma and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk. RESULTS Of 46,900 children, 6,324 (13.5%) met criteria for asthma. Children with asthma were more likely to be tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection than children without asthma (33.0% vs. 20.9%, p<0.0001). In a propensity score-matched cohort of 12,648 children, 706 (5.6%) children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, including 350 (2.8%) children with asthma and 356 (2.8%) children without asthma [risk ratio: 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.85-1.13]. There was no evidence of effect modification of this association by inhaled corticosteroid prescription, history of severe exacerbation, or comorbid atopic diseases. Only one child with asthma required hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSIONS After controlling for factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 testing, we found that children with asthma have a similar SARS-CoV-2 infection risk as children without asthma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents

Rao¹,

Hurst

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Almost 2 years have passed since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and the relationship between asthma and COVID-19 remains inconsistent because while recent studies have shown that asthmatics have a reduction in the risk of acquiring CO-VID-19 6,8,9 , others, as in the case of this research, have found the opposite. Although it would be difficult to have a clear answer to this dilemma through a survey, it should be noted that many of the investigations which have documented a lack of association, or a "protective" association between asthma and COVID-19, were conducted in the general population, while HW have characteristics or conditions that differentiate them from the rest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The most-recent meta-analysis included almost one million patients with COVID-19, and the overall prevalence of asthma was estimated at 8.1% 8 . A cross-sectional study conducted in Mexico showed that the prevalence of asthma in adults with COVID-19 was 3.3% 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and COVID-19 among healthcare workers from a Mexican hospital: is there an association?

Morales-Romero

Paredes-Casillas

López-Contreras

et al. 2022

RIC

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Background: Asthma does not appear to be a risk factor for developing COVID-19. Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the role of asthma as a factor associated with COVID-19 among healthcare workers (HW). Methods: A crosssectional study was conducted in HW from a Mexican hospital. Data were obtained through an epidemiological survey that included age, sex, and history of COVID-19. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with COVID-19. Results: In total, 2295 HW were included (63.1% women; mean age 39.1 years); and 1550 (67.5%) were medical personnel. The prevalence of asthma in HW with COVID-19 was 8.3%; for the group without COVID-19, the prevalence was 5.3% (p = 0.011). The multivariate analyses suggested that asthma was associated with COVID-19 (OR 1.59, p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our study suggests that asthma could be a factor associated with COVID-19 in HW. (REV INVEST CLIN. 2022;74(3):131-4)

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“…We identified female sex, airborne allergy, and smoking to be associated with protection from Covid‐19, which is in line with previous findings. A Spanish registry study covering close to half a million individuals showed that the risk of contracting Covid‐19 was lower in asthmatics with an odds ratio of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.71–0.77) [ 24 ]. Although it is clear that smoking is a risk factor for the severity of Covid‐19, early studies reported an underrepresentation of smokers among patients hospitalized for Covid‐19 [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of serum anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgA appears to protect primary health care workers from COVID‐19

et al. 2022

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The patterns of humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 were studied in Swedish primary health care workers (n = 156) for 6 months during the Covid-19 pandemic. Serum IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2, T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion, demographic and clinical data, PCR-verified infection, and self-reported symptoms were monitored. The multivariate method OPLS-DA was used to identify immune response patterns coupled to protection from Covid-19. Contracting Covid-19 was associated with SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing serum IgG, T cell, IFN-γ, and granzyme B responses to SARS-CoV-2, self-reported typical Covid-19 symptoms, male sex, higher BMI, and hypertension. Not contracting Covid-19 was associated with female sex, IgA-dominated, or no antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2, airborne allergy, and smoking. The IgG-responders had SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses including a cytotoxic CD4+ T-cell population expressing CD25, CD38, CD69, CD194, CD279, CTLA-4, and granzyme B. IgA-responders with no IgG response to SARS-CoV-2 constituted 10% of the study population. The IgA responses were partially neutralizing and only seen in individuals who did not succumb to Covid-19. To conclude, serum IgG-dominated responses correlated with T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 and PCR-confirmed Covid-19, whereas IgA-dominated responses correlated with not contracting the infection.

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Low prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with a positive rtRT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional study during the 2020 pandemic

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Asthma and the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents

Asthma and the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents

Asthma and COVID-19 among healthcare workers from a Mexican hospital: is there an association?

The presence of serum anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgA appears to protect primary health care workers from COVID‐19

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