Low Proportion of Linezolid and Daptomycin Resistance Among Bloodborne Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Europe

Markwart, Robby; Willrich, Niklas; Eckmanns, Tim; Werner, Guido; Ayobami, Olaniyi

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.664199

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The only drugs that exhibited fairly low overall resistance rates were linezolid and colistin. Linezolid resistance across Europe and worldwide remains low [23,24], but colistin-resistant HAIs in ICUs are becoming a concern [25,26]. Colistin plays a crucial role in treatment of MDR infections, and efforts toward determining colistin resistance on a larger scale are ongoing [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Profile of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units

et al. 2021

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Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a global public health concern. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, its contribution to mortality and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) grows, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). A two-year retrospective study from April 2019–April 2021 was conducted in an adult ICU at the Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Belgrade, Serbia to assess causative agents of HAIs and AMR rates, with the COVID-19 pandemic ensuing halfway through the study. Resistance rates >80% were observed for the majority of tested antimicrobials. In COVID-19 patients, Acinetobacter spp. was the dominant cause of HAIs and more frequently isolated than in non-COVID-19 patients. (67 vs. 18, p = 0.001). Also, resistance was higher for imipenem (56.8% vs. 24.5%, p < 0.001), meropenem (61.1% vs. 24.3%, p < 0.001) and ciprofloxacin (59.5% vs. 36.9%, p = 0.04). AMR rates were aggregated with findings from our previous study to identify resistance trends and establish empiric treatment recommendations. The increased presence of Acinetobacter spp. and a positive trend in Klebsiella spp. resistance to fluoroquinolones (R2 = 0.980, p = 0.01) and carbapenems (R2 = 0.963, p = 0.02) could have contributed to alarming resistance rates across bloodstream infections (BSIs), pneumonia (PN), and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Exceptions were vancomycin (16.0%) and linezolid (2.6%) in BSIs; tigecycline (14.3%) and colistin (0%) in PNs; and colistin (12.0%) and linezolid (0%) in UTIs. COVID-19 has changed the landscape of HAIs in our ICUs. Approval of new drugs and rigorous surveillance is urgently needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Profile of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units

et al. 2021

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“…20 The findings are consistent with those reported from Lahore in which 90% were sensitive to LZD. 21 From various areas of India, LZD resistance reported in literature ranges from 2-20%. 22 However, resistance to LZD has been reported as high as 48% in a study conducted in Pakistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Trends in the Treatment of MRSA in Pakistan

Noorulamin

Zarafsah

Janjua

et al. 2022

J Islamabad Med Dental Coll

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Background: The Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is accountable for community and hospital acquired infections. Due to over and misuse of antibiotics, MRSA isolates are becoming multidrug resistant even with linezolid and vancomycin. The objective of this study was to determine recent antimicrobial profile of MRSA, isolated from different clinical samples and current treatment options for MRSA, other than vancomycin and Linezolid. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Foundation university medical college from Jan 2019 to Dec 2020. Total 918 samples of blood, pus swab, throat swab, tracheal swab, wound swab, endotracheal tube (ETT) tips, Catheter tips, axillary swab and suction tips received by using aseptic techniques, for culture and sensitivity in different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, were taken. Isolated pathogens were identified using standard protocols and susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 918 samples, MRSA was isolated in 96 (10.4%) samples and most frequently observed in 27% (n=26) blood samples. The mean age of enrolled patients was 52.02 (SD±16.1) years, the infection was largely seen in age group 46-55(24%) and in 57% (n=52) male population. MRSA showed higher resistance to levofloxacin 78.1% (n=75), ciprofloxacin 75% (n=72), erythromycin 70.8% (n=68) and gentamycin 62.5% (n=60). The susceptibility of older drug chloramphenicol and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was found 61% & 49% respectively. MRSA isolates were highly susceptible to vancomycin (96.8%), linezolid (89.5%) and teicoplanin (70.85%). Alarmingly, 2.1% (n=2) MRSA isolates showed resistance to vancomycin. Conclusion:Vancomycin resistant MRSA is a matter of great concern, because of unawareness among health administrative departments and public, self-medication, lack of surveillance system and non-availability of antibiotic policy. Keywords: Antibiotics, MRSA, Vancomycin, Chloramphenicol

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“…On a global scale, this prevalence is much higher than in Europe (1.1%), Asia (1.2%), Africa (2.5%), and America (3.6%) [33]. Furthermore, linezolid was effective in treating 100% of skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus in Hawai [34], and resistance to linezolid among methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe was 0.28% [35]. While resistance to linezolid among Staphylococcus aureus isolates in this study was 24.5%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial pathogens in two tertiary care hospitals in Damascus, Syria: A cross-sectional study

Abdelwahed¹,

Jassem²,

Kakaje

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Antibiotics resistance is a major concern as it renders antibiotics ineffective, which would have disastrous effects on patient care. The contribution of the Middle Eastern countries in limiting antimicrobial resistance is diminished due to instability and deteriorating healthcare infrastructure. This study aims to report on the antimicrobial resistance pattern in two tertiary care hospitals in Damascus, the capital of Syria in bloods, sputum, urine and others. Methods A cross-sectional study based on reports of bacterial cultures was performed between April and November in 2020 in microbiology labs of Damascus Hospital and Al-Razi Hospital. Identification of bacteria was performed using standard microbiological procedures. Susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion method. Interpretation of the results was done according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences version 26. Results 412 cultures were positive for pathogens. Most frequently isolated pathogens were Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Enterobacter was completely sensitive to doripenem and cefoperazone-sulbactam. The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin and linezolid were 23.5% and 24.5%, respectively. Escherichia coli was resistant to ciprofloxacin in 72.4% of samples. Klebsiella pneumonia had shown various resistance rates to all used antibiotics. Females had significantly higher frequency of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella pneumoniae in urine samples, while males had significantly higher frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. Conclusions This study highlighted the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Damascus Hospital and Al-Razi Hospital, two of major hospitals in Damascus. The decreasing potency of antimicrobials is concerning and may require urgent interventions, such as effective surveillance, development of national guidelines for prescribing antibiotics to treat common infections, and awareness campaigns in the community.

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Low Proportion of Linezolid and Daptomycin Resistance Among Bloodborne Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Europe

Cited by 29 publications

References 64 publications

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Profile of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Profile of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units

Future Trends in the Treatment of MRSA in Pakistan

Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial pathogens in two tertiary care hospitals in Damascus, Syria: A cross-sectional study

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