Low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets in broiler chickens: effects on performance, carcass characteristics, whole-body composition and efficiencies of nutrient utilisation

Aletor, V. A.; Hamid, Ibrahim Ismail; Niess, E.; Pfeffer, E.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(200004)80:5<547::aid-jsfa531>3.0.co;2-c

Cited by 202 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A excreção de nitrogênio diminuiu com a redução da proteína dietética somente nas aves submetidas a 20 ou 25ºC, efeito não observado em temperatura ambiente de 32ºC. Esses resultados concordam parcialmente com Blair et al (1999) e Aletor et al (2000), que observaram que frangos de corte que receberam baixa proteína bruta apresentam melhor eficiência de retenção e menor excreção de nitrogênio.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O primeiro deles refere-se à menor excreção de nitrogênio, utilizando dietas com baixa proteína, que além de reduzirem o consumo, melhoram a eficiência na utilização do nitrogênio pelas aves (Aletor et al, 2000). Entretanto, existem poucas pesquisas que consideram a influência da temperatura de criação das aves sobre a emissão de nitrogênio para o ambiente.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Dietas de baixa proteína no desempenho de frangos criados em diferentes temperaturas

Filho

Rosa

Figueiredo

et al. 2006

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de frangos, entre 42 e 49 dias, alimentados com dietas de baixa proteína e criados em diferentes temperaturas. Foram utilizados 360 frangos, machos, Cobb-500, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 3x3 (temperatura ambiente de 20, 25 e 32ºC e dietas com teores de proteína bruta de 18,0, 16,5 e 15,0%), com quatro repetições de dez aves cada. As dietas com baixa proteína prejudicaram o desempenho e a eficiência de retenção de nitrogênio dos frangos criados em 32ºC. Os rendimentos de carcaça e de coxa e sobrecoxa foram maiores nas aves criadas a 32ºC. Os demais cortes e a deposição de gordura abdominal não foram alterados. O estresse por calor reduziu o teor de proteína e aumentou o de gordura na coxa e sobrecoxa, ao passo que os teores protéicos não alteraram a composição bromatológica dos cortes. A utilização de dietas com baixa proteína piora o desempenho de frangos, de 42 a 49 dias, criados em estresse por calor. No entanto, essas dietas podem ser utilizadas em frangos criados em 20 ou 25ºC, pois não alteram o desempenho, a qualidade da carcaça e diminuem a excreção de nitrogênio.Termos para indexação: aminoácidos, nitrogênio, carcaça, estresse. Low-protein diets on broilers performance reared under different temperaturesAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate broilers performance, from 42 to 49 days, fed on lowprotein diet and reared under different temperatures. Three hundred and sixty male broilers from Cobb-500 strain were randomly housed in a 3x3 factorial arrangement (environmental temperature of 20, 25 and 32 o C and crude protein levels of 18.0, 16.5 and 15.0%) with four replicates of ten birds each. Performance and efficiency of nitrogen retention were impaired in broilers fed on low-protein diets and reared under temperature of 32ºC. Carcass, as well as thigh and drumstick increased in birds reared at hot temperature yield, however other parts yield, and abdominal fat deposition were not altered by the studied factors. Drumstick and thigh protein composition decreased in broilers reared under heat stress, while fat composition increased. Protein levels did not affect carcass composition. Low-protein diet impairs broiler performance in heat-exposed broilers from 42 to 49 days. However, broilers can be fed on low-protein diets under temperatures of 20 or 25ºC, because these temperatures did not affect broilers performance, carcass quality, and they promoted lower nitrogen excretion.Index terms: amino acids, nitrogen, carcass, stress. IntroduçãoO estresse pelo calor é um dos principais fatores que prejudicam as características zootécnicas dos frangos de corte, o que tem resultado em aumento dos estudos em técnicas que possam amenizar seus efeitos. Uma dessas práticas é a redução da proteína bruta dietética pelo uso do conceito de proteína ideal, uma vez que o incremento calórico gerado pela proteína é maior que o dos carboidratos e gorduras (Musharaf & Latshaw, 1999 Existem dois outros pontos que de...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dietas de baixa proteína no desempenho de frangos criados em diferentes temperaturas

Filho

Rosa

Figueiredo

et al. 2006

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Contrary to the findings reported above, these data suggest that there has been little or no overall change in the body composition in commercial breeds due to artifical selection (Aletor et al 2000). Elsewhere, there has been no difference in body composition found between breeds, when compared at an equivalent body protein weight, even where there has been heavy selection for the yield of specific parts and huge differences in growth rate and mature mass are displayed Gous 2011, 2013).…”

Section: Growth and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

Tallentire

Leinonen

Kyriazakis

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

169

120

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Artificial selection of broiler chickens for commercial objectives has been employed at an unprecedented magnitude over the recent decades. Consequently, the number of days, total feed and in turn energy, required to raise a broiler to slaughter weight, have decreased dramatically. Feed provision is the poultry industry's biggest environmental hotspot; hence, understanding the interactions between the birds' genetic change and their energy use efficiency forms the necessary starting point for quantifying and predicting and thereby mitigating the future environmental impact of the poultry sector. This review assesses the consequences of artificial selection on the following traits: digestive efficiency, body composition and utilisation of metabolisable energy for growth and metabolic activity. The main findings were (1) the digestive system has been subjected to much physical change due to selection in the recent decades, but this has not led to any apparent change in digestion efficiency. (2) Both the energy intake per day and the metabolic heat production rate have increased in the recent decades whilst (3) the efficiency of utilising energy for growth has also increased; this is due to an increased growth rate, so that broilers reach slaughter weight more quickly and therefore need to allocate less energy overall to metabolic processes, with the exception of growth. (4) There may have been a reduction in the tendency to waste feed through spillage and carry out energetically expensive behaviors. There is a discrepancy in the literature with regards to the influence of selection on body composition and its contribution to feed efficiency. In this review, two scenarios are demonstrated, whereby body composition either has or has not altered via artificial selection. Understanding the effects of artificial selection on the traits that relate to the feed efficiency of the broilers will contribute towards the reduction of the environmental impacts that arise from such systems.

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“…The greater disposition of FAT with inclusion of the POM is a proof that with a better usage of nutrients and energy, when an imbalance of amino acids occurs in the diet, the FAT tends to decrease (Yeh and Leveille, 1969;Cabel et al, 1988). Aletor et al (2000) verified that as the crude protein of the diet was reduced by using synthetic amino acid supplementation, the amino acid profile of the diet improved, which was later reflected in the lysine retention in the carcass and a greater deposition of FAT by the bird. This is because enzymes that are part of the synthesized complex in lipogenesis are sensitive to the levels of NAD; therefore, the equivalent of NADH reduction to NADP+ by the enzymes (NAD-malic dehydrogenase and malic enzyme) must be favored, so that biosynthesis of fatty acids may occur (Yeh and Leveille, 1969).…”

Section: Carcass Yield Of Broiler Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poultry offal meal in broiler chicken feed

Silva

Rabello

Lima

et al. 2014

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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An outstanding feature of poultry production that provides animal protein yield for human feeding is its short production cycle. This characteristic has a linear relationship with waste production. Increasing the inclusion of this residue in diets in the near future is desirable in step with the growth of poultry production since it offers a better environmental and nutritional alternative to current methods. We evaluated the effects on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens produced by the inclusion of poultry offal meal (POM) in their feed. Treatments consisted of a control diet (corn, Zea mays and soybean, Glycine max) and four diets with inclusion of 30, 60, 90 and 120 g kg -1 of POM. The diets were formulated based on the level of digestible amino acid once categorized as isocalcic, isophosphoric, isosodic, isoenergetic and isonutritive for protein, methionine+cystine, lysine and threonine. The feed's electrolytes were corrected so that each diet had the same electrolytic balance. The variables analyzed were feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, body weight, carcass yield, chicken cut yield and abdominal fat.

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Low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets in broiler chickens: effects on performance, carcass characteristics, whole-body composition and efficiencies of nutrient utilisation

Cited by 202 publications

References 13 publications

Dietas de baixa proteína no desempenho de frangos criados em diferentes temperaturas

Dietas de baixa proteína no desempenho de frangos criados em diferentes temperaturas

Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

Poultry offal meal in broiler chicken feed

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