Low-rate dynamic contact angles on poly[styrene-alt-(hexyl/10-carboxydecyl(90/10)maleimide)] and the determination of solid surface tensions

Kwok, Daniel Y.; Li, Angel; Lam, C.N. Catherine; Wu, Rebecca; Zschoche, Stefan; Pöschel, K.; Gietzelt, Thomas; Grundke, Karina; Jacobasch, H.‐J.; Neumann, A. W.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-3935(19990501)200:5<1121::aid-macp1121>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Furthermore, the liquid surface tension is determined for each image, and can also be recorded. Details of the ADSA methodology, procedure, and experimental setup for low-rate dynamic contact angle measurements are given elsewhere. ,,− During the contact angle experiments the temperature and relative humidity were maintained, respectively, at 23 ± 0.5 °C and about 40%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our approach is different in that surface functionalities are introduced by polymer analogous modification of alternating maleic anhydride copolymers with primary amines. − In this way, maleimide copolymers can be obtained with the same degree of polymerization but different functionalities due to different side chains containing nonpolar or polar groups. An important property of these alternating copolymers is their thermal stability up to 300 °C. , It should be mentioned that the synthesis of other stable polymeric systems, such as polyimides, , polybenzimidazoles, or polybenzothiazoles, is demanding and often incompatible with functionalization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wettability was determined by contact angle measurements using axisymmetric drop shape analysis−profile (ADSA−P). In previous contact angle studies ,, using films of selected maleimide copolymers, it was shown that these surfaces were not inert with respect to certain liquids. Therefore, caution has to be exercised when measuring and interpreting contact angles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wettability of Maleimide Copolymer Films: Effect of the Chain Length of n-Alkyl Side Groups on the Solid Surface Tension

et al. 2001

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We report bulk and surface properties of maleimide copolymers with two different backbones, poly(propene-alt-N-(n-alkyl)maleimides) (PAlkMI) and poly(styrene-alt-N-(n-alkyl) maleimides) (SAlkMI), with different lengths of n-alkyl side chains (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, and dodecyl). The contact angle and solid surface tension results suggest that, for the longer side chains, the surface properties are dominated by the side chains. Indeed, the surface tension of the two types of copolymers with length of the side chain above C ) 6 are essentially equal, indicating complete shielding of the polar backbone chain. For the two copolymers containing dodecyl side chains, the solid surface tension is similar to that of solid surfaces consisting exclusively of CH 3 groups. Apparently, these side groups are long enough to allow arrangement in the configuration of the lowest surface free energy possible for alkyl chains. For the short side chain copolymers the styrene compounds are more hydrophobic than the propene compounds. The bulkier phenyl rings shields the polar backbone chain more effectively than the small alkyl groups.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wettability of Maleimide Copolymer Films: Effect of the Chain Length of n-Alkyl Side Groups on the Solid Surface Tension

et al. 2001

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“…The relation between the contact ratio (A * ) and the contact angle (θ) is presented in Figure 7. In this figure, the experimen- Kwok et al, 1998a [2] Kwok et al, 1998b [3] Kwok et al, 1998c [4] Kwok et al, 1999a [5] Kwok et al, 1999b (Kwok et al, 1999a), () liquids on Poly(propene-alt-N-(n-alky)malemide) (Kwok and Neumann, 1999), () liquids on P[S-(H/CM)] solid surface (Kwok and Neumann, 1999), (-) liquids on PMMA solid surface (Kwok et al, 1998b) (∆) liquids on PS solid surface (Kwok et al, 1998c), (X) liquids on FC-725-coated silicon wafer (Kwok et al, 1998a)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Ratio: A New Precise Measurement for Wettability

Alteraifi

Hirbawi

2008

Can. J. Chem. Eng.

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measurements that are well recognized in the literature (Marmur, 1983;Berg, 1993;de Ruijter et al., 1998). Considering that the velocity of the contact line is the pertinent quantity, it is, therefore, reasonable to regard the change in the contact area as the flux of the process. It is only recently that a rational link has been made between the contact angle and the contact area using spherical cap approximation (de Gennes, 1985).According to Young's equation, the contact angle "θ" is considered as the measurable wettability parameter. The rate of change in the contact angle has been commonly used as the relevant parameter of spreading dynamics notwithstanding the difficulties associated with contact angle measurements that are well recognized in the literature. Considering that the velocity of the contact line is the pertinent quantity, it is, therefore, reasonable to regard the change in the contact area as the flux of the process. In this study, we have introduced a new measuring parameter for wettability based on the liquid/solid contact area. The term "contact ratio" has been coined to account for this new measurable parameter. The contact ratio is defined as the ratio between the spreading contact area of liquid over solid surface and the surface area of the spherical drop before spreading. The measurements of contact areas and low-rate dynamic contact angles for various liquid/solid systems were conducted independently using the ADSA-P technique. The theoretical relation between the contact ratio and the contact angle is derived based on spherical cap approximation. The results show that there is a good correlation between the theoretical relation and the experimental values. Since the contact angle of a specific system is a unique parameter of the system, the contact ratio can also be presented as a unique parameter of the system. Nevertheless, contact ratio presents a more precise measure of wettability.Selon l'équation de Young, l'angle de contact « θ » est considéré comme le paramètre de mouillabilité mesurable. La vitesse de changement dans l'angle de contact a été communément utilisée comme paramètre pertinent des dynamiques de diffusion sans tenir compte des difficultés liées aux mesures d'angle de contact qui sont bien reconnues dans la littérature scientifique. Considérant que la vitesse de la ligne de contact est la quantité pertinente, il est par raisonnable de regarder le changement dans la zone de contact comme le flux du procédé. Dans cette étude, nous avons introduit un nouveau paramètre de mesure pour la mouillabilité basé sur la zone de contact liquide/solides. Le terme « rapport de contact » a été inventé pour représenter ce nouveau paramètre mesurable. Le rapport de contact se définit comme le rapport entre la zone de contact de diffusion du liquide sur la surface de solide et la surface de la goutte sphérique avant la diffusion. Des mesures de zones de contact et d'angles de contact dynamiques de faible vitesse pour différents systèmes liquide-solide ont été réalisées indépendamment à...

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“…Moreover, the carboxylic acids from hydrolyzed anhydrides may be neutralized or ammonolyzed with ammonia; this results in a self‐emulsifying polymer in water. The anhydride groups also offer the possibility to make such alternating PSMA copolymers much more hydrophobic by modification with nonpolar, amine‐terminated molecules;7–10 this would make the material less sensitive to hydrolysis. After partial chemical modification, the remaining anhydride groups can, in addition to providing adhesion to polar surfaces, be used for crosslinking with, for example, diamines,11, 12 to make the coating solvent‐resistant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maleic anhydride based copolymer dispersions for surface modification of polar substrates

Günbas

Wouters²,

Hendrix

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this article, we report the modification of poly(styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) (PSMA) with monofunctional amine‐terminated poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS–NH2) by thermal imidization, followed by the preparation and characterization of a surfactant‐free artificial latex thereof and application of this latex onto cotton fabric. The imidization reaction was monitored by NMR and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR–FTIR) spectroscopy. 1,2‐Cyclohexyldicarboxylic anhydride was chosen as a model compound for the PSMA copolymer; this allowed a more detailed characterization by NMR and ATR–FTIR spectroscopy. After the PSMA/PDMS–NH2 imidization reached completion, a fraction of the anhydrides were ammonolyzed. In this way, a self‐emulsifying latex with an average particle diameter of approximately 145 nm and a ζ potential of −56 mV was obtained. It was found that the PDMS‐modified PSMA latex in which 30 mol% of the initial amount of anhydride groups were previously imidized by using PDMS‐NH2 and a fraction of the anhydrides were ammonolyzed with 0.3 eq. of NH3 (PSMA30) was stable in the pH range 4–10. The water contact angle values of the latex‐coated cotton textile fabric indicated a hydrophobized surface, with a static contact angle of 135.7°± 1.2°. The washing studies with a standard soap solution of the cotton samples with or without crosslinker showed that the crosslinked PSMA30 offered a good coating durability to the cotton. This waterborne resin based on surfactant‐free latices displayed promising properties for coating applications and seemed to be very suitable for the hydrophobization of polar surfaces. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

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Low-rate dynamic contact angles on poly[styrene-alt-(hexyl/10-carboxydecyl(90/10)maleimide)] and the determination of solid surface tensions

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Wettability of Maleimide Copolymer Films: Effect of the Chain Length of n-Alkyl Side Groups on the Solid Surface Tension

Wettability of Maleimide Copolymer Films: Effect of the Chain Length of n-Alkyl Side Groups on the Solid Surface Tension

Contact Ratio: A New Precise Measurement for Wettability

Maleic anhydride based copolymer dispersions for surface modification of polar substrates

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