Low-temperature and high-rate sodium metal batteries enabled by electrolyte chemistry

Zhou, Jing; Wang, Yingyu; Wang, Jiawei; Liu, Yu; Li, Yanmei; Cheng, Liwei; Ding, Yang; Dong, Shuai; Zhu, Qiaonan; Tang, Mengyao; Rasmussen, Svein; Bi, Yushu; Sun, Rong; Wang, Zhongchang; Wang, Hua

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2022.05.005

Cited by 73 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the cumulative plated capacity of 800 mAh cm −2 and the current density of 6 mA cm −2 under −40 °C represent the leading‐level value among reported metal anodes (Figure 6h). [ 5,22,61–63 ] These superior performances demonstrate the feasibility of the electrolyte‐stabilized K‐metal anode for applications in high‐mass‐loading and ultralow‐temperature PMBs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Low‐Temperature High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Potassium‐Metal Batteries

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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High mass loading and high areal capacity are key metrics for commercial batteries, which are usually limited by the large charge‐transfer impedance in thick electrodes. This can be kinetically deteriorated under low temperatures, and the realization of high‐areal‐capacity batteries in cold climates remains challenging. Herein, a low‐temperature high‐areal‐capacity rechargeable potassium–tellurium (K–Te) battery is successfully fabricated by knocking down the kinetic barriers in the cathode and pairing it with stable anode. Specifically, the in situ electrochemical self‐reconstruction of amorphous Cu1.4Te in a thick electrode is realized simply by coating micro‐sized Te on the Cu collector, significantly improving its ionic conductivity. Meanwhile, the optimized electrolyte enables fast ion transportation and a stable K‐metal anode at a large current density and areal capacity. Consequently, this K–Te battery achieves a high areal capacity of 1.25 mAh cm−2 at −40 °C, which greatly exceeds those of most reported works. This work highlights the significance of electrode design and electrolyte engineering for high areal capacity at low temperatures, and represents a critical step toward practical applications of low‐temperature batteries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Low‐Temperature High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Potassium‐Metal Batteries

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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“…These adverse consequences will lead to a short-life Na anode. Thus far, constant efforts are made for impeding Na dendrites growth and enhance the stability of Na anode, and some beneficial achievements have been made via the following routes such as introducing 3D porous collectors, 24,25 adding additives into the electrolytes, [26][27][28][29][30] and employing solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). 31,32 Among these strategies, introducing 3D porous hosts can weak the local current, but the parasitic reactions cannot be avoided in the contact area with the electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium–gallium alloy layer for fast and reversible sodium deposition

Tang

Yao

et al. 2022

SusMat

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Sodium metal has been regarded as the potential alternative for metal batteries owing to its advantages of high theoretical capacity and abundant reserves. Nevertheless, propagation of Na dendrites can boost the interfacial instability of Na metal, retarding its practical implementation. Thus, the Na–Ga alloy layer is designed and fabricated by in situ rolling of metal Ga on the surface of Na metal. This alloy layer possesses good sodiophilicity, which can effectively protect Na metal and favor the uniform Na+ deposition, obtaining the inhibition of Na dendrites growth. Consequently, the symmetric cells assembled by the alloy‐layer protected Na metal electrodes (NGAL‐Na||NGAL‐Na) have a long lifetime (468 h) even under a high plating/stripping capacity of 6 mAh cm−2 in carbonate electrolyte. The full battery of NGAL‐Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 is able to sustain an excellent rate capability of 100 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 10 C under ambient temperature. This work provides a new route to prevent metal anodes from severe dendrite growth, and paves the way toward safer and stable‐performing metal‐based rechargeable batteries.

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“…[5][6][7][8] At low temperature, the ionic diffusion is largely restrained due to an insufficient dynamics, leading to a rapid decrease in capacity, rate capability and cyclic stability. [9][10][11] Recently, many works have been devoted to enhance the ionic diffusion rate within the bulk electrode at low temperature through electrodestructure design, but it inevitably sacrifices the mass loading of active materials and thus a decreased energy density. [12][13][14] Hence, it is a challenge to develop high-areal-capacity rechargeable LIBs at low temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, owing to the significant decrease in the ionic and electronic conduction of the thick electrode, high mass loading electrodes usually undergo sluggish kinetics and low utilization of active materials, which will be deteriorated when the operating temperature drops below 0 °C [5–8] . At low temperature, the ionic diffusion is largely restrained due to an insufficient dynamics, leading to a rapid decrease in capacity, rate capability and cyclic stability [9–11] . Recently, many works have been devoted to enhance the ionic diffusion rate within the bulk electrode at low temperature through electrode‐structure design, but it inevitably sacrifices the mass loading of active materials and thus a decreased energy density [12–14] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature and High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Lithium Batteries enabled by π‐Conjugated Systems

Cheng

Sun

Wang

et al. 2022

Batteries & Supercaps

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High mass loading and high areal capacity are essential for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density, but they usually suffer from the sluggish charge-transfer kinetic of thick electrodes, especially at low temperature. Here, organic molecule perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) has been investigated as a feasible cathode for high areal capacity rechargeable LIBs operated at low temperature. Specifically, the charge storage process mainly occurs on the surface redoxactive groups of PTCDA, resulting in a fast kinetics of charge storage. Meanwhile, the delocalization of electrons in the πconjugated systems of PTCDA could enhance the electron transportation prominently. Consequently, the Li-PTCDA battery with a high mass loading of 14.35 mg cm À 2 delivers a high reversible areal capacity of 1.06 mAh cm À 2 at À 40 °C. This work demonstrates a great potential of π-conjugated organic materials for low temperature and high-areal-capacity rechargeable LIBs.

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Low-temperature and high-rate sodium metal batteries enabled by electrolyte chemistry

Cited by 73 publications

References 55 publications

Low‐Temperature High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Potassium‐Metal Batteries

Low‐Temperature High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Potassium‐Metal Batteries

Sodium–gallium alloy layer for fast and reversible sodium deposition

Low‐Temperature and High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Lithium Batteries enabled by π‐Conjugated Systems

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