Low-Temperature Degradation of Zirconia and Implications for Biomedical Implants

Chevalier, Jérôme; Grémillard, Laurent; Deville, Sylvain

doi:10.1146/annurev.matsci.37.052506.084250

Cited by 603 publications

(450 citation statements)

References 85 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

388

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A similar trend was found for the three acid etched surfaces. Aged ET specimens presented microcracks on the surface indicating that in this case particles may be released after long exposure to humid environment, which is potentially dangerous since this process could trigger chronic inflammation and osteolysis (Chevalier et al, 2007). The thickness of the degraded layer of aged ET specimens as measured from FIB trenches, was again of about 2-3 μm.…”

Section: Protection From Degradation In Infiltrated Samplesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It consists in the spontaneous transformation of the surface to the monoclinic phase in humid environments and moderate temperatures, including human body conditions (Chevalier et al, 2007). LTD is slow at room temperature and interests only a superficial layer of few micrometers in well-densified 3Y-TZP, but it is accompanied by the formation of surface microcracks, surface roughening and loss of cohesion, making the material unsuitable for orthopedic joint replacement where surface stability is fundamental.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Surface roughened zirconia: towards hydrothermal stability

Camposilvan

Flamant

Anglada

2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surface roughness is needed in several yttria-stabilized zirconia components used in restorative dentistry for osseointegration or adhesion purposes. This can be achieved by different treatments, which may also modify the microstructure of the surface. Among them, sandblasting and chemical etching are widely used, but their effect on hydrothermal aging of zirconia is not fully understood. In the present work, the zirconia long-term stability of rough surfaces prepared by these techniques is analyzed and a method is proposed for preventing hydrothermal aging while maintaining the original surface appearance and mechanical properties. The method involves pressure infiltration of a Cerium salt solution on the roughened surfaces followed by a thermal treatment. The solution, trapped by surface defects and small pores, is decomposed during thermal treatment into Cerium oxide, which is diffused at high temperature, obtaining Ce co-doping in the near-surface region.In addition, the microstructural changes induced in the near-surface by sandblasting or chemical etching are removed by the thermal treatment together with surface defects. No color modification was observed and the final roughness parameters were in the range of existing implants of proved good osseointegration. The aging resistance of Ce co-doped materials was strongly enhanced, showing the absence of aging after artificial degradation, increasing in this way the surface mechanical integrity.The proposed treatment is easily applicable to the current manufacturing procedures of zirconia dental posts, abutments, crowns and dentures, representing a solution to hydrothermal aging in these and other biomedical applications.

show abstract

Section: Protection From Degradation In Infiltrated Samplesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface roughened zirconia: towards hydrothermal stability

Camposilvan

Flamant

Anglada

2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Spectra were collected using the BraggBrentano geometry in the 2θ range from 25 to 35 degrees, at a step interval of 1 s, and step size of 0.03 degrees/step. The amount of m-phase (Xm) and the volumetric fraction (Fm) was calculated using the method developed by Garvie & Nicholson modified by Toraya and collaborators (21), extensively used and described on previous literature (4,5,13).…”

Section: Phase Analysis By X-ray Diffraction (Xrd Analysis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, Chevalier and collaborators (4) stated that an autoclave cycle at 134°C, 2 bar pressure for 5h would simulate 15-20 years of exposure to environment at 37°C temperature. Besides, ISO-13356:2008 states that the monoclinic phase content should not exceed the maximum of 25%, for an Y-TZP to be considered suitable for biomedical applications, after aging at 134°C, 2 bar pressure for 5h.…”

Section: Fatigue Strength Of Ground and Aged Y-tzpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…spreading of m-phase on surface and subsurface) may result in grain detachment (pull-out), increase in surface roughness, decrease in density; consequently it could impair the material's mechanical properties (4,5). Kobayashi and collaborators (6) described this mechanism as low-temperature degradation (LTD) and showed that it is accelerated under presence of water and temperature changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Grinding and Multi-Stimuli Aging on the Fatigue Strength of a Y-TZP Ceramic

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to investigate the effect of grinding and multi-stimuli aging on the fatigue strength, surface topography and the phase transformation of Y-TZP ceramic. Discs were manufactured according to ISO-6872:2008 for biaxial flexure testing (diameter: 15 mm; thickness: 1.2 mm) and randomly assigned considering two factors "grinding" and "aging": C-control (as-sintered); CA-control + aging; G-ground; GA-ground + aging. Grinding was carried out with coarse diamond burs under water-cooling. Aging protocols consisted of: autoclave (134°C, 2 bars pressure, 20 hours), followed by storage for 365 days (samples were kept untouched at room temperature), and by mechanical cycling (10 6 cycles by 20 Hz under a load of 50% from the biaxial flexure monotonic tests). Flexural fatigue strengths (20,000 cycles; 6 Hz) were determined under sinusoidal cyclic loading using staircase approach. Additionally, surface topography analysis by FE-SEM and phase transformation analysis by X-ray Diffractometry were performed. Dixon and Mood methodology was used to analyze the fatigue strength data. Grinding promotes alterations of topographical pattern, while aging apparently did not alter it. Grinding triggered t-m phase transformation without impacting the fatigue strength of the Y-TZP ceramic; and aging promoted an intense t-m transformation that resulted in a toughening mechanism leading to higher fatigue strength for as-sintered condition, and a tendency of increase for ground condition (C < CA; G = GA). It concludes that grinding and aging procedures did not affect deleteriously the fatigue strength of the evaluated Y-TZP ceramic, although, it promotes surface topography alterations, except to aging, and t-m phase transformation. Effect of Grinding and Multi-S t i m u l i A g i n g o n t h e F a t i g u e S t r e n g t h o f a Y-T Z P C e r a m i c

show abstract

Thermoplastic Ceramic Injection Molding of Zirconia Toughened Alumina Components

Kern¹,

El-Ezz²,

Gadow³

2010

Advanced Processing and Manufacturing Technologies for Structural and Multifunctional Materials IV

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ) materials are suitable materials for a variety of biomedical applications owing to their high strength, toughness and hydrothermal stability. The prospect of being able to offer ceramic implants to a broader group of patients requires a more cost-efficient near-net-shape manufacturing approach. Small and complexshaped components can be efficiently mass-produced by means of ceramic injection moulding (CIM) with high surface quality and low dimensional tolerances. Compared to the state-of-the-art cold and hot isostatic pressing cycles commonly used for implant production, CIM technology does suffer from lower microstructural quality. During the thermally and rheologically transient mould-filling process, inevitably a certain number of defects are induced by flow textures, weld lines and micro-segregation. A higher level of toughness is therefore beneficial to keep strength and damage tolerance on a sufficiently high level. In order to improve thetoughness of ATZ, in-situ platelet reinforcement with strontium hexaaluminate precipitates was introduced. The influence on processing behaviour, strength and toughness of as-manufactured and final-machined platelet-containing and platelet-free 2.5Y-TZP/15 vol% alumina composites was investigated. Platelets improve the mechanical properties. Weibull statistics show that platelet addition leads to drastic improvements in reliability.

show abstract

Low-Temperature Degradation of Zirconia and Implications for Biomedical Implants

Cited by 603 publications

References 85 publications

Surface roughened zirconia: towards hydrothermal stability

Surface roughened zirconia: towards hydrothermal stability

Effect of Grinding and Multi-Stimuli Aging on the Fatigue Strength of a Y-TZP Ceramic

Thermoplastic Ceramic Injection Molding of Zirconia Toughened Alumina Components

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About