Low-temperature digestion of dairy and swine manure

Safley, L. M.; Westerman, P. W.

doi:10.1016/0960-8524(94)90116-3

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…During an experiment using four 2.5 m 3 pilot scale reactors, digestion at 22.5 C was stable; biogas production and solids reduction were comparable to those in the mesophilic range, when the retention time was doubled [9]. Laboratory digesters seeded with lagoon effluent successfully adapted to temperatures from 10 to 23 C [10]. The importance of microbial acclimation has also been noted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-storage psychrophilic anaerobic digestion of swine manure: Acclimation of the microbial community

King¹,

Barrington²,

Guiot³

2011

Biomass and Bioenergy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-storage psychrophilic anaerobic digestion of swine manure: Acclimation of the microbial community

King¹,

Barrington²,

Guiot³

2011

Biomass and Bioenergy

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“…Studying low temperature AD, Safley and Westerman (1994) found a linear relationship between CH 4 yield and temperature within the digester. Similarly, Canadian studies have shown that higher temperature lead to greater CH 4 production (Ghaly 1996) and that low temperatures on Canadian farms during late fall through to early spring may result in low CH 4 production (Massé et al 2003a).…”

Section: Compostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Canadian animal agriculture: A review

Kebreab¹,

Clark²,

et al. 2006

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. Considerable evidence of climate change associated with emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) has resulted in international efforts to reduce GHG emissions. The agriculture sector contributes about 8% of GHG emissions in Canada mostly through methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). The objective of this paper was to compile an integrative review of CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from livestock by taking a whole cycle approach from enteric fermentation to manure treatment and storage, and field application of manure. Basic microbial processes that result in CH 4 production in the rumen and hindgut of animals were reviewed. An overview of CH 4 and N 2 O production processes in manure, and controlling factors are presented. Most of the studies conducted in relation to enteric fermentation were in dairy and beef cattle. To date, research has focussed on GHG emissions from the stored manures of dairy, beef cattle and swine; therefore, we focus our review on these. Several methods used to measure GHG emissions from livestock and stored manure were reviewed. A comparison of methods showed that there were agreements between most of the techniques but some systematic differences were also observed. Additional studies with comprehensive comparisons of methodologies are needed in order to allow for comparison of results obtained from studies using contrasting methodologies. The need to standardize measurement methods and reporting to facilitate comparison of results and data integration was identified. Prediction equations are often used to calculate GHG emissions. Various types of mathematical approaches, such as statistical models, mechanistic models and estimates calculated from emission factors, and studies that compare various types of models are discussed herein. A lack of process-based models describing GHG emissions from manure during storage was identified. A brief description of mitigation strategies focussing on recent studies is given. Reduction in CH 4 emissions from ruminants through the addition of fats in diets and the use of more starch was achieved and a transient beneficial effect of ionophores was reported. Grazing management and genetic selection also hold promise. Studies focussed on manure treatment options that have been suggested to reduce gas fluxes from manure storage, composting, anaerobic digestion (AD), diet manipulation, covers and solid-liquid separation, were reviewed. While some of these options have been shown to decrease GHG emissions from stored manure, different studies have obtained conflicting results, and additional research is needed to identify the most promising options. GHG emissions from pasture and croplands after manure application have been the subject of several experimental and modelling studies, but few of these have linked field emissions to diet manipulation or manure treatments. Further work focussing on the entire cycle of GHG formation from feed formulation, animal metabolism, excreta treatment and storage, to field application of manure needs to be conducted. attribua...

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“…For cold climate, proper heating may be necessary to maintain the optimal temperature condition in the digester. Some laboratory anaerobic digesters were carried out over the temperature range of 10-23°C (Safley and Westerman, 1994). Dairy and swine manure were fed into the digesters at the rates of 0.1 and 0.2 kg volatile solids (VS)/m 3 -day.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Decentralized Biogas Technology of Anaerobic Digestion and Farm Ecosystem: Opportunities and Challenges

Wang

2014

Front. Energy Res.

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Long-term economic and environmental concerns have resulted in a great amount of research on renewable sources of biomass and bioenergy to replace fossil fuels in the past decades. Decentralized biogas technology is one of the most potential technologies of biomass and bioenergy by using agricultural waste materials (e.g., animal manure, crop straw, and by-products from food industries) as feedstocks. By-products from biogas production, called digestate, are nutrient rich, which could potentially be reused as green fertilizers in agriculture, thereby providing a sustainable substitute for synthetic fertilizers for farm ecosystem. Thus, the biogas production of anaerobic digestion is win-win option for livestock and crop producers to address issues of waste management and energy supply, and to avoid contamination of surface and ground waters and emissions of odors and greenhouse gases. In this paper, we review biogas production technology and then evaluate environmental effects of digestate used as fertilizer. Finally, we discuss issues of deployment of decentralized biogas technology for farm ecosystem. Economic and technological barriers still exist for large scale deployment of biogas technology in rural region. Two national scale deployments in China and Nepal showed that the operational status of biogas digesters is not optimal and up to 50% of plants are non-functional after a short operation period regardless of the social and economic factors. Main barriers are a wide variation of feedstocks and environmental conditions (e.g., temperature) over space and time. It becomes clear that the experimental conditions of the pilot plants need to be adjusted and calibrated to the local feedstocks and climate. Also, more research needs to be done in cold fermentation technology. Thus, collaboration of all relevant designers, farmers, stakeholders, and regulators is proposed as the way forward, particularly as their complexity has been identified as the major hurdle to the implementation of decentralized biogas production, which can deliver beneficial synergies for the decentralized biogas production in rural region responsible for food production and waste management.

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Low-temperature digestion of dairy and swine manure

Cited by 57 publications

References 8 publications

In-storage psychrophilic anaerobic digestion of swine manure: Acclimation of the microbial community

In-storage psychrophilic anaerobic digestion of swine manure: Acclimation of the microbial community

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Canadian animal agriculture: A review

Decentralized Biogas Technology of Anaerobic Digestion and Farm Ecosystem: Opportunities and Challenges

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