Low-temperature plasma exfoliated n-doped graphene for symmetrical electrode supercapacitors

Wang, Keliang; Xu, Ming; Gu, Yan; Gu, Zhengrong; Li, Jun; Fan, Qi Hua

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.11.007

Cited by 98 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…It has been reported that both pyridinic‐N and graphitic‐N can contribute one pair of electrons to the conductive π‐system and greatly enhance the conductivity of carbonaceous materials ,. Pyridinic‐N can also have a large pseudo‐capacitive effect, and graphitic‐N can facilitate electron transfer, promote interactions with anions in the electrolyte, and induce electrical double‐layer capacitance ,. Similar phenomena was found by Yang et al .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Green Conversion of Microalgae into High‐Performance Sponge‐Like Nitrogen‐Enriched Carbon

et al. 2018

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The selective conversion of biomass into high-value carbon materials has recently been attracting increasing attraction. In this study, a microalga with a high nitrogen content, namely Spirulina platensis, was used as both the carbon and nitrogen precursors in the synthesis of sponge-like nitrogen-enriched carbon materials through a one-step activation method with NaHCO 3 as a green activator. The sponge-like nitrogen-enriched carbon materials obtained at different activation temperatures were systematically characterized by using SEM, N 2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, Raman, and XPS techniques. A series of tests were performed to investigate the electrochemical characteristics of the obtained carbon materials to determine their potential use as supercapacitors. The results show that spongelike nitrogen-enriched carbon activated at 700°C, which has a large BET surface area of 865 m 2 /g and a high nitrogen content of 7.5 wt%, gave the largest specific capacitance of 234.0 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g in a 6 M KOH electrolyte.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Green Conversion of Microalgae into High‐Performance Sponge‐Like Nitrogen‐Enriched Carbon

et al. 2018

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“…Apparently, it is significant and desirable to develop a simple and feasible strategy for massive production of black/gray TiO 2−x with engineered surface defects and related abundant solar absorption.Hereafter, we conduct a one-pot synthesis of gray TiO 2−x with large solar harvesting and engineered surface defects using a liquid-plasma technology at room temperature and atmospheric pressure [25]. There has recently been increasing interest in liquid-plasma discharges and their potential applications in various technologies, including environmental remediation, nanomaterial synthesis, and surface processing [26][27][28]. One of the most important advantages of liquid plasma is that various reactions instantaneously occur, including active species oxidation (e.g., OH, O, H 2 O 2 , etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-Plasma Hydrogenated Synthesis of Gray Titania with Engineered Surface Defects and Superior Photocatalytic Activity

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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Defect engineering in photocatalysts recently exhibits promising performances in solar-energy-driven reactions. However, defect engineering techniques developed so far rely on complicated synthesis processes and harsh experimental conditions, which seriously hinder its practical applications. In this work, we demonstrated a facile mass-production approach to synthesize gray titania with engineered surface defects. This technique just requires a simple liquid-plasma treatment under low temperature and atmospheric pressure. The in situ generation of hydrogen atoms caused by liquid plasma is responsible for hydrogenation of TiO 2 . Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements confirm the existence of surface oxygen vacancies and Ti 3+ species in gray TiO 2−x . Both kinds of defects concentrations are well controllable and increase with the output plasma power. UV-Vis diffused reflectance spectra show that the bandgap of gray TiO 2−x is 2.9 eV. Due to its extended visible-light absorption and engineered surface defects, gray TiO 2−x exhibits superior visible-light photoactivity. Rhodamine B was used to evaluate the visible-light photodegradation performance, which shows that the removal rate constant of gray TiO 2−x reaches 0.126 min −1 and is 6.5 times of P25 TiO 2 . The surface defects produced by liquid-plasma hydrogenation are proved stable in air and water and could be a candidate hydrogenation strategy for other photocatalysts.Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 342 2 of 13 light absorption, prompting superior performances in photodegradation and water splitting [13][14][15]. The enhanced solar light absorption of black TiO 2 is ascribed to additional intermediate electronic states (e.g., V o or Ti 3+ states) and disorder surface caused by hydrogenation [16][17][18]. More importantly, defect engineering, for instance defects concentration and distribution, also plays an important role in tuning photocatalytic activity of black TiO 2 . It was reported that the high defect ratio of surface to bulk can significantly enhance the photoactivity owing to preferential diffusion from bulk to surface of photoinduced charges [19,20]. However, surface defects are not stable enough as it can be spontaneously oxidized in air and water. So far, mainstream strategies to synthesize black/gray TiO 2−x are relied on the reduction of pristine stoichiometric TiO 2 [20][21][22][23][24], such as annealing under high pressures of H 2 or NH 3 , high-energy particle bombardment (hydrogen plasma, laser plasma, or high-energy electrons), and chemical reduction with reducing agent in vacuum. Apparently, it is significant and desirable to develop a simple and feasible strategy for massive production of black/gray TiO 2−x with engineered surface defects and related abundant solar absorption.Hereafter, we conduct a one-pot synthesis of gray TiO 2−x with large solar harvesting and engineered surface defects using a liquid-plasma technology at room temperature and atmospheric pressure [25]. There has recently been increasing interest in liquid-plasma...

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“…Additionally,o ther novel methods were also developed to fabricate graphene materials with high capacitance. For example, Fan and his co-authors utilized radio frequency dielectric barrierd ischarge plasma to exfoliate graphite oxide [95] into graphene at room temperature. The N-doped graphene, fabricated using CH 4 as plasma resource,e xhibitedaremarkable specific capacitanceo f% 312 Fg À1 under ac harge/discharge cur-rent density of 0.1 Ag À1 and % 100 %r etention after 1000 charging/discharging cycles under variousc urrent densities ranging from 0.1 to 10.0 Ag À1 .L iet al [96] demonstratedaselfpropagating high-temperature synthesis method by utilizing CO 2 as ac arbonr esource,a nd MgO/Mg powder as template and reductant.…”

Section: Graphite Exfoliationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Carbon Based Supercapacitors with High Energy Density: A Summary of Recent Progress

Han

Lai

Wang

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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Carbon based supercapacitors (CSCs), with high output power and long lifespan, are considered as promising power sources for modern electronic devices. The rush to find new approaches for optimizing their electrochemical behaviors is still vibrant, and particularly, widespread enthusiasm was focused on improving the energy density of CSCs through improving the specific capacitance and expanding the operating voltage. In this regard, this article provides a brief review about recent progress and new understanding about the assembly of CSCs with high energy density. Novel applied strategies were highlighted and discussed from the aspects of electrolyte, electrodes, and device modulation. Dynamic and mechanism factors associated with the energy storage process of CSCs are particularly emphasized. Finally, the opportunities and challenges are elaborated in the hope of guiding the promising direction for the design of high-energy CSCs.

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Low-temperature plasma exfoliated n-doped graphene for symmetrical electrode supercapacitors

Cited by 98 publications

References 54 publications

Green Conversion of Microalgae into High‐Performance Sponge‐Like Nitrogen‐Enriched Carbon

Green Conversion of Microalgae into High‐Performance Sponge‐Like Nitrogen‐Enriched Carbon

Liquid-Plasma Hydrogenated Synthesis of Gray Titania with Engineered Surface Defects and Superior Photocatalytic Activity

Designing Carbon Based Supercapacitors with High Energy Density: A Summary of Recent Progress

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