Low temperature specific heat of transition metals and alloys

Heiniger, F.; Bücher, E.; Müller, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02422667

Cited by 127 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…2. Specific heat coefficient I (from low-temperature heat capacity) versus number of valence electrons per atom for 3d elements and alloys (Heiniger et al 1966). Mueller et aZ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrons in Transition Metals at High Temperatures

White¹

1993

Aust. J. Phys.

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Aust. J. Phys., 1993, 46, 707-15 At high temperatures kT may be large compared with the scale on which major changes in the electronic density of states occur near to the Fermi energy E F , particularly for the transition elements. Mott first discussed the qualitative effects of this 'smearing' of the Fermi edge on the electrical resistance and thermopower of Pt, Pd, W, etc. Later Shimizu and colleagues examined the correlations in high-temperature behaviour of different transport properties, electronic heat capacity and susceptibility. Since then improved data have become available, largely through the use of sub-second measuring techniques. Is it now possible to provide a quantitative theoretical framework?

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“…2. Specific heat coefficient I (from low-temperature heat capacity) versus number of valence electrons per atom for 3d elements and alloys (Heiniger et al 1966). Mueller et aZ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrons in Transition Metals at High Temperatures

White¹

1993

Aust. J. Phys.

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“…However, our values for compare well to reports in the literature of measurements made by other techniques at ambient pressure. X-ray measurements on bulk single crystals find = 545 K at room temperature, 36 specific heat measurements on bulk polycrystals find = 580 for T > 14 K, 37 and specific heat measurements on thin films find = 405-500 K, with lower values for more disordered films.…”

Section: Results: Chromium Resistivity At High Pressure and Low Tmentioning

confidence: 97%

Four-probe electrical measurements with a liquid pressure medium in a diamond anvil cell

Jaramillo¹,

Feng²,

Rosenbaum³

2012

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We describe a technique for making electrical transport measurements in a diamond anvil cell using an alcohol pressure medium, permitting acute sensitivity while preserving sample fidelity. The sample is suspended in the liquid medium by four gold leads that are electrically isolated by a composite gasket made of stainless steel and an alumina-loaded epoxy. We demonstrate the technique with four-probe resistivity measurements of chromium single crystals at temperatures down to 4 K and pressures above 10 GPa. Our assembly is optimized for making high precision measurements of the magnetic phase diagram and quantum critical regime of chromium, which require repeated temperature sweeps and fine pressure steps while maintaining high sample quality. The high sample quality enabled by the quasi-hydrostatic pressure medium is evidenced by the residual resistivity below 0.1 μΩ cm and the relative resistivity ratio ρ(120 K)/ρ(5 K) = 15.9 at 11.4 GPa. By studying the quality of Cr's antiferromagnetic transition over a range of pressures, we show that the pressure inhomogeneity experienced by the sample is always below 5%. Finally, we solve for the Debye temperature of Cr up to 11.4 GPa using the Bloch-Gruneisen formula and find it to be independent of pressure.

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“…Barium is superconducting only under pressure but an As examples, the values of 2, for V3Au and Nb 3 Au alloys with intermetallic compound with gold becomes superconducting at A15 structure are 0.54 and 0.87 respectively (5 Figure 2, from which it can be seen that Tc decreases with increasing gold concentration. Table II shows the listing of the superconducting compounds of gold formed with the elements of IIIA and IIIB groups along with their crystal structures and T, values.…”

Section: Present Understanding Of Superconductivitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Superconducting gold alloys

Khan

1984

Gold Bull

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Although the discovery of a gold alloy with a superconducting state at relatively high temperature wouldbesignificantand exating, ithas been afeature oftbepastdecadethat technology has advanced to the stage of producing applications for gold and other alloys which achieve superconductivity at low criticaltemperatures. A significant research effort has gone into the search for superconducting gold alloys, study of their properties, and applications for them.In 1975 the author and Ch. J. Raub reviewed the field of superconductivity of gold alloys for this journal (1). At that time it was concluded that although no intermetallic compound of gold had yet been found to exhibit superconductivity at temperatures that would make it industrially useful, the investigation of gold compounds had assisted solid state physicists in their understanding of the phenomenon of superconductivity. It must be borne in mind, of course, that in the mid-1970's `industrially useful' implied a critical temperature (T,) of greater than about 20 K. The technological and engineering advances which allow ready application of alloys with very much lower T, values were still at that time on the drawing board.In the review of the state of the art of superconductivity in gold alloys which follows, some material from the author's earlier review in this journal is included and more recent work is discussed in detail. This approach has been selected in view of the changing parameters of technology which are allowing practical consideration of gold alloys which become superconducting at levels of temperatures too low to have been envisaged a decade ago, and in order to present a more complete and comprehensive review. General Superconducting Behaviour of GoldGold belongs to a group of elements in the periodic system which do not become superconductors even down to the lowest available temperature, although most of the elements are superconducting under normal conditions or high pressures. Some solid solutions and intermetallic compounds of gold with the transition metals show peculiar superconducting behaviour. In general gold lowers the superconducting transition temperature (T,) of the host transition metal in solid solutions, whereas an enhancement of T, is observed for some intermetallic compounds. Study of a gold-lanthanum alloy led to the discovery of metallic glass superconductors. These glassy superconductors are of great interest because of their superior mechanical and superconducting properties, and the investigations of the superconducting behaviour of gold-containing intermetallic compounds, solid solutions and metallic glasses have enhanced our knowledge of the electronic structure of materials. At the same time some superconducting gold alloys are useful as low temperature reference materials, and as electrode and counter electrode materials in Metal/Oxide/Metal sandwich systems (Josephson junctions).After the discovery of superconductivity in mercury by Kammerlingh-Onnes in 1908 following his success in liquifying helium, the first su...

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Low temperature specific heat of transition metals and alloys

Cited by 127 publications

References 130 publications

Electrons in Transition Metals at High Temperatures

Electrons in Transition Metals at High Temperatures

Four-probe electrical measurements with a liquid pressure medium in a diamond anvil cell

Superconducting gold alloys

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