Low Temperature Synthesis Method of TiH2 Powder from TiCl4 Reduction with MgH2

Ardani, Mohammad Rezaei; Rezan, Sheikh Abdul; Lee, Hooi Ling; Mohamed, Abdul Rahman; Ibrahim, Ibnor Azli

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-36296-6_154

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The typical process involves the reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4 ) to TiH 2 with magnesium hydride (MgH 2 ) under a hydrogen atmosphere. 95 The energy consumption of the process is minimized by setting up the temperature range between 400 °C and 500 °C. The TiCl 4 reduction process is carried out by two different methods, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Tipro Process Of Producing Low-cost Ti-alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review—The Emerging Technologies for Producing Low-Cost Titanium

Reddy

Shinde

Liu

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This paper presents a thorough review of various technologies to obtain titanium and its alloys and their discussion concerning their merits and demerits. Titanium and its alloys are ideal advanced structural materials because of their excellent properties such as high corrosion resistance, exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, bio-compatible, non-magnetic and mechanical properties. As a result, such materials are served extensively for several engineering applications that include wind turbines, auto industries, biomedical implants, aerospace industry, marine structures, and many others. However, the low yield and higher cost production of the current employed energy-intensive Kroll process restricts the widespread use of titanium and its alloys. Numerous alternative extraction processes have been developed during the last few decades to produce titanium and its alloys in a more accessible and cost-effective way. Amid growing demand for titanium in the market, it is necessary to consider the impact of technological innovations that can reduce titanium production cost. Recent research and developments on the electrochemical reduction method of titanium production from molten salts or ionic liquids have shown promising results. This paper reviews the developments on titanium production and its alloys by various techniques, including but not limited to molten salt electrolysis processes, such as the FFC-Cambridge process, the OS process, the USTB process, and ionic-liquid electrolysis.

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Section: Tipro Process Of Producing Low-cost Ti-alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schematic process: (a) TiCl 4 injection method, (b) TiCl 4 continuous flow method. 95 into the atmosphere, a residual exit gas was passed through the HCl bottle to dissolve the extra gas and further neutralized by NaOH solution before it is vented in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Tipro Process Of Producing Low-cost Ti-alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—The Emerging Technologies for Producing Low-Cost Titanium

Reddy

Shinde

Liu

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…In the current study, the TiH 2 was synthesized from TiCl 4 gas reacted with the MgH 2 powder at 500 • C for 12 h at the lab scale. Our previous attempts to synthesize TiH 2 at a temperature between 250 and 500 • C indicated that higher temperatures positively impacted the formation of TiH 2 [24][25][26][27][28]. The reduction products were then washed with water and diluted HCl to separate TiH 2 powder from the reaction byproducts.…”

Section: Synthesis Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The obtained TiO x C y N z is then chlorinated at 400 • C to produce TiCl 4 gas [22,23]. The author proposed directly reacting the obtained TiCl 4 gas with metal hydrides such as MgH 2 to produce TiH 2 powder at low-temperature ranges under the hydrogen (H 2 ) atmosphere [24][25][26]. The TiH 2 powder can then transform into Ti powder through the dehydrogenation process in a vacuum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ti Powder from the Reduction of TiCl4 with Metal Hydrides in the H2 Atmosphere: Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses

et al. 2021

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Titanium hydride (TiH2) is one of the basic materials for titanium (Ti) powder metallurgy. A novel method was proposed to produce TiH2 from the reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) with magnesium hydride (MgH2) in the hydrogen (H2) atmosphere. The primary approach of this process is to produce TiH2 at a low-temperature range through an efficient and energy-saving process for further titanium powder production. In this study, the thermodynamic assessment and technoeconomic analysis of the process were investigated. The results show that the formation of TiH2 is feasible at low temperatures, and the molar ratio between TiCl4 and metal hydride as a reductant material has a critical role in its formation. Moreover, it was found that the yield of TiH2 is slightly higher when CaH2 is used as a reductant agent. The calculated equilibrium composition diagrams show that when the molar ratio between TiCl4 and metal hydrides is greater than the stoichiometric amount, the TiCl3 phase also forms. With a further increase in this ratio to greater than 4, no TiH2 was formed, and TiCl3 was the dominant product. Furthermore, the technoeconomic study revealed that the highest return on investment was achieved for the production scale of 5 t/batch of Ti powder production, with a payback time of 2.54 years. The analysis shows that the application of metal hydrides for TiH2 production from TiCl4 is technically feasible and economically viable.

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