Low-temperature synthesis of zircon by soft mechano–chemical activation-assisted sol–gel method

Low temperature synthesis of green submicro Cr‐ZrSiO4 ceramic pigments by solid‐state method

“…Quartz glass is a three‐dimensional irregular network structure composed of [SiO 4 ] 4− tetrahedron 14 . Alkali metals or alkaline‐earths metal can break the network structure of the [SiO 4 ] 4− tetrahedron, destroying the Si‐O bond, accelerating the reaction and reducing the formation temperature of the glass 15‐17 . In addition, the solid‐state reaction method is commonly used in ceramic preparation due to convenient operation and easily available raw materials.…”

Effect of halide mineralizers on monodisperse spherical zircon powders

“…Furthermore, expensive Zr/Si alkoxides and elaborate processing controls are another two prerequisites in synthesis. In other approaches, such as hydrothermolysis or solid calcination‐involved multi‐step fabrication, zircon crystallization becomes more uncontrollable, and hence powders were generally produced with the morphologies of being tetragonal dipyramidal, layered, donut‐shaped, or irregular and also with large sizes (averagely 3‐20 μm) and wide size distributions 21‐24 …”

“…In the synthesis of zircon, a fluoride is normally employed as a mineralizer to catalyze the reaction of zirconium and silicon sources and remarkably affects the crystallization process and final resultants in morphology and composition, either in a solid‐ or liquid‐based reaction. In a solid‐based synthesis, a fluoride mineralizer first reacts with the Si species to form gaseous SiF 4 , 1,25,26 which then reacts with Zr to produce zircon at temperatures above 800 °C, typically 1000‐1600°C 21 . In a liquid‐based hydrothermal or solvothermal synthesis, zircon crystallization can be achieved at only 150‐350°C with the assistance of fluoride mineralizers 27,28 .…”

“…In other approaches, such as hydrothermolysis or solid calcination-involved multi-step fabrication, zircon crystallization becomes more uncontrollable, and hence powders were generally produced with the morphologies of being tetragonal dipyramidal, layered, donut-shaped, or irregular and also with large sizes (averagely 3-20 μm) and wide size distributions. [21][22][23][24] In the synthesis of zircon, a fluoride is normally employed as a mineralizer to catalyze the reaction of zirconium and silicon sources and remarkably affects the crystallization process and final resultants in morphology and composition, either in a solid-or liquid-based reaction. In a solid-based synthesis, a fluoride mineralizer first reacts with the Si species to form gaseous SiF 4 , 1,25,26 which then reacts with Zr to produce zircon at temperatures above 800 °C, typically 1000-1600°C.…”

“…In a solid-based synthesis, a fluoride mineralizer first reacts with the Si species to form gaseous SiF 4 , 1,25,26 which then reacts with Zr to produce zircon at temperatures above 800 °C, typically 1000-1600°C. 21 In a liquid-based hydrothermal or solvothermal synthesis, zircon crystallization can be achieved at only 150-350°C with the assistance of fluoride mineralizers. 27,28 Frondel and Kido et al initially reported the catalyzing effect of ZrF 4 , which drastically enhanced the zircon crystallization even at 150°C.…”