Low titer, competitive insulin autoantibodies are spontaneously produced in autoimmune diseases of the thyroid

Vardi, Pnina; Modan-Mozes, Dalit; Ish‐Shalom, Sophia; Soloveitzik, Lea; Barzilai, D; Modan, Michaela

doi:10.1016/0168-8227(93)90064-c

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Similarly, Nuovo et al reported no significant positivity for IAA and anti-insulin receptor Abs (AIRA) in HT patients but high levels of both aAbs were typical for GD patients [ 27 ]. In contrast, anti-IAA were detected by other authors [ 28 – 30 ], even though a further study describes high responses to GADA in non-diabetic HT patients with negative association to IAA [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Antibodies against Proinsulin and Homologous MAP Epitopes Are Detectable in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Sardinian Patients, an Additional Link of Association

et al. 2015

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Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the prevailing organ-specific autoimmune disease in Sardinia, often complicated with other autoimmune disorders, most commonly type 1 diabetes (T1D). While numerous studies describe levels of anty-thyroid antibodies (Abs) in T1D patients, few papers evaluate the status of anti-islet autoimmunity in subjects affected by HT. Previously, we portrayed Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) as an environmental factor strongly associated with both diseases. In this study, we analyzed plasma of Sardinian HT patients (n=177) and healthy controls (HCs; n=175) for the presence of Abs against proinsulin and MAP-derived homologous epitopes: MAP1,4αgbp157-173/PI64-80 were recognized by 5,08% and 18,64% of HT vs 0,57% and 7,43% of HCs (AUC=0,6 for both; p<0,0003 and 0,002, respectively), whereas the prevalence of Abs against MAP2404c70-85/PI46-61 peptides was higher but not significant in patients when compared to HCs. In women (n=152), Abs against MAP1,4αgbp157-173 were detected in 12,50% of HT vs 2,75% of HCs (AUC=0,63; p<0,0002), while positivity to its human homolog PI64-80 was observed in 16,42% of HT vs 6,42% of HCs (AUC=0,61; p<0,001). In men (n=25), a significant anti-PI46-61 Abs levels were detected in 4% of HT vs none of the HCs (AUC=0,7; p<0,003). Age-related analyses revealed the highest prevalence between 31-40 years old (45,83%) in the total study population and among males (33,33%); in contrast, women had a higher seroreactivity between 51-60 years (42,11%). A further follow-up and determination of anti-islet Abs levels is needed to evaluate the association of immune responses directed against the MAP/PI homologous peptides with progression to overt diabetes in HT subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Antibodies against Proinsulin and Homologous MAP Epitopes Are Detectable in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Sardinian Patients, an Additional Link of Association

et al. 2015

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“…But contrary to this, ICA was reported to be associated with impaired first phase insulin response during IVGTT in first degree relatives of diabetics (Srikanta et al, 1985;Knip et al, 1994). Vardi et al demonstrated the presence of specific IAA in autoimmune thyroiditis without any aggressive beta cell destruction (Vardi et al, 1993). The hypothesis that claims that autoimmune thyroiditis itself creates an insulin resistant state has not been supported by any other studies (Hallengren et al, 1996;Maugendre et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Positivity and its Association with Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Pilot Study

Aksoy¹,

Yürekli²,

Yildiz³

et al. 2006

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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Our results suggest that the prevalence GAD-Ab in Hashimoto's thyroiditis is around 5%. GAD-Ab antibody positivity per se does not appear to be associated with any disturbances in insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion in this specific population. The presence of islet-cell autoimmunity does not seem to influence insulin secretion or action in normal glucose tolerant subjects with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in this pilot study. Whether the presence of GAD-Ab per se or along with other antibodies impairs insulin dynamics or predicts the development of diabetes in autoimmune thyroiditis remains to be determined in future studies.

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“…However, in previous studies, it was found that patients with AITD (866 patients), especially those with Graves' disease, are prone to develop β-cell autoimmunity and insulin-requiring diabetes, particularly those with a high titer of GADA and/or who are positive for both GADA and IA-2A (50). In 92 cases of AITD, 15% of patients were found to produce speci c IAA (51). This difference may be due to the different compositions of thyroid dysfunction in our included study subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HbA1c: an independent risk factor for dysthyroid optic neuropathy

Wang

Ye²,

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background To explore the frequencies of islet β-cell autoantibodies and insulin resistance (IR) in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and identify specific diabetes mellitus (DM)indicators as early predictors for dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON). Methods Ninety-eight TAO patients (57 DON and 41 non-DON patients) and 48 healthy control (HC) participants were recruited for this prospective cross-sectional study. Serum thyroxine, serum thyroid autoantibodies, serum humoral immune markers against islet β-cell, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), fasting c-peptide (FCP), glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c) were measured. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of patients' age, body mass index (BMI), FPG, HbA1c, and related indexes of islet β-cell function to the occurrence of DON. Results TheDON group had higher FPG (P<0.001, 0.016) and HbA1c (P<0.0001, P<0.001) levels thanthe HC and non-DON groups. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR level was highest in theDON group (HC 2.15±0.89, non-DON 2.41±1.24, DON 2.82±2.65), while the HOMA-β level was lowest (HC 101.8±44.75%, non-DON 102.9±54.61%, DON 88.29±52.75%), with no significant differences (P=1, P>0.05). On univariate analysis, age (P=0.006), BMI (P=0.022), history of steroid use (P=0.014), and FPG (P=0.013), HbA1c (P=0.001) levels were significantly associated with the presence/absence of DON. In addition, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, the HbA1c level was anindependent factor associated with DON (P=0.009, OR=4.012). Conclusions HbA1c is an independent risk factor for DON. Given the inextricable link between thyroid dysfunction and DM, the use of HbA1c as a potential biomarker for DON warrants further investigation.

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Low titer, competitive insulin autoantibodies are spontaneously produced in autoimmune diseases of the thyroid

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Antibodies against Proinsulin and Homologous MAP Epitopes Are Detectable in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Sardinian Patients, an Additional Link of Association

Antibodies against Proinsulin and Homologous MAP Epitopes Are Detectable in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Sardinian Patients, an Additional Link of Association

Prevalence of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Positivity and its Association with Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Pilot Study

HbA1c: an independent risk factor for dysthyroid optic neuropathy

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