Low-velocity impact on multi-layered dual-phase steel plates

Abstract

In this paper an experimental program investigating the behavior of monolithic and multi-layered configurations of 0.8 mm and 1.8 mm medium-strength steel plates is presented. We have considered impacts by blunt-ended and ogival-ended impactors in the low-velocity regime (≤ 16 m/s). Experimental outputs include measurements of force and velocity, and deformation fields. Force and velocity readings were provided by a strain-gauge instrumented striker, while digital image correlation was used to obtain the displacement field from the rear side of the bottom plate. For the 0.8 mm plates a near linear relationship between the number of layers and the ballistic limit velocity was found. The plates' resistance against perforation was found to be higher for the blunt-ended impactor than for the ogival-ended impactor. This can be explained by the failure mechanisms. The monolithic plates have a higher capacity than layered plates with the same total thickness: this is particularly clear for plates struck by the ogival-ended impactor. The experiments provide ample data to validate the subsequent 3D numerical simulations. The analysis model is double-symmetric in simulations using the ogival-ended impactor, while only a 10 • slice of the plate and impactor is needed in simulations using the blunt-ended impactor. A thermoelastic-thermoviscoplastic constitutive relation combined with the Cockcroft-Latham criterion for failure is implemented in IMPETUS Afea Solver, and used in all simulations. The simulations predict the failure modes fairly well, and the numerical results are within the range seen in previous publications. Sensitivity studies regarding friction, mesh refinement, thermal formulation and strain-rate dependence are conducted and discussed.

Low-velocity impact behaviour and failure of stiffened steel plates

“…Extensive research has been conducted over the last decades on unstiffened plates subjected to low-velocity impact loading, e.g. [5][6][7][8][9][10]. The effects of the boundary conditions, the shape of the indenter, the plate material and the velocity and mass of the indenter have been investigated.…”

Adiabatic heating and energy absorption capability of an advanced high strength steel during drop weight impact testing

“…Moreover, Charpy test is performed on notched samples, so deformation process is not relevant to the scenario, where automobile components are confronted during crash accidents. There have also been studies focused on impact performance of thin-walled [43][44][45][46][47] and flat sheet [48,49] specimens. Thin-walled columns composed of various cross-section shape and having various size were examined due to their similarity with automobile mid-rails.…”

“…Digital image correlation (DIC) technique revealed that the plates' resistance against perforation is closely connected with the shape of the impactor (e.g. blunt-ended or ogival-ended) [48]. Another successive study completed by that team on single DP 600 sheet demonstrated significant effect of strain rate and steel grade on the strain distribution during impact deformation [49].…”

Effect of the Layer Sequence on the Ballistic Performance and Failure Mechanism of Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti Laminated Composite Armor

“…The effects of structural parameters (e.g., the number of layers [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ] and layer spacing [ 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]) on the ballistic performance of laminated composite armor have been extensively investigated. Additionally, laminated metal armor plates consisting of several kinds of metal layers have been further studied.…”