Low Visual Acuity is Associated with the Decrease in Postural Sway

Uchiyama, Masanobu; Demura, Shinichi

doi:10.1620/tjem.216.277

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Much of our knowledge about the relationship between vision and balance has been obtained largely by comparing eyes open and closed conditions, and observing the effects upon body sway (Uchida et al 1979;Hytonen et al 1993;Fujita et al 2005;Rougier and Garin 2006;Guerraz and Bronstein 2008;Uchiyama and Demura 2008). While it has been shown that older adults sway more in response to unexpected eye-movements (Speers et al 2002;van Wegen et al 2002;Monzani et al 2005), the relationship between postural configuration and eyemovement behaviour is not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related effects of increasing postural challenge on eye movement onset latencies to visual targets

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When a single light cue is given in the visual field, our eyes orient towards it with an average latency of 200 ms. If a second cue is presented at or around the time of the response to the first, a secondary eye movement occurs that represents a re-orientation to the new target. While studies have shown that eye movement latencies to 'single-step' targets may or may not be lengthened with age, secondary eye-movements (during 'double-step' displacements) are significantly delayed with increasing age. The aim of this study was to investigate if the postural challenge posed simply by standing (as opposed to sitting) results in significantly longer eye movement latencies in older adults compared to the young. Ten young (<35 years) and 10 older healthy adults (>65 years) participated in the study. They were required to fixate upon a central target and move their eyes in response to 2 types of stimuli: 1) a single-step perturbation of target position either 15º to the right or left, and 2) a double-step target displacement incorporating an initial target jump to the right or left by 15º, followed after 200 ms, by a shift of target position to the opposite side (e.g., +15º then -15º). All target displacement conditions were executed in sit and stand positions with the participant at the same distance from the targets. Eye movements were recorded using electro-oculography. Older adults did not show significantly longer eye movement latencies than the younger adults for single-step target displacements, and postural configuration (stand compared to sit) had no effect upon latencies for either group. We categorised double-step trials into those during which the second light changed after or before the onset of the eye shift to the first light. For the former category, young participants showed faster secondary eye shifts to the second light in the standing position, while the older adults did not. For the latter category of double-step trial, young participants showed no significant difference between sit and stand secondary eye movement latencies, but older adults were significantly longer standing compared to sitting. The older adults were significantly longer than the younger adults across both postural conditions, regardless of when the second light change occurred during the eye shift to the first light. We suggest that older adults require greater time and perhaps attentional processes to execute eye movements to unexpected changes of target position when faced with the need to maintain standing balance.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related effects of increasing postural challenge on eye movement onset latencies to visual targets

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We revealed in our previous study that body sway velocity became lower when participants, who were maintaining an upright standing posture in a dark room, were presented with a visual target as compared to the condition in which they received no visual cue [20]. This suggests that fixation in a dark room has the possibility to contribute to postural stabilisation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The role of eye movement in upright postural control

Uchiyama

Demura

2009

Sport Sci Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vision contributes to upright postural control by providing afferent feedback to the cerebellum. Vision is generally classified into central and peripheral vision. In measurements of postural sway, in which participants are required to maintain a stable upright posture while fixating on a visual target, non-retinal eye positional information due to the fixation is used as well as the retinal information from both visual fields. However, little is known about the role of non-visual eye positional information in postural control. This study examined the role of non-visual eye position information in upright postural control by comparing participants' centre of pressure (COP) sway between two experimental conditions: (1) a space-fixed visual target condition (control), in which eye movement was not controlled, and (2) a head-fixed visual target condition (treatment), in which eye movement was inhibited. Using 12 university students, COP sway and electrooculograms (EOG) were measured under both conditions. In the space-fixed condition, participants maintain an upright posture while fixating on a visual target fixed on a screen 1 m in front of them. In the headfixed condition, participants maintained an upright posture while gazing at a target moving in sync with their head sway on the screen. The COP was evaluated by path length, area, root mean square, velocity and position. Eye movements were evaluated by the mean eye movement angle. The mean eye movement angle was significantly larger in the vertical direction then in the horizontal direction in both experimental conditions and was also found to be larger in the space-fixed condition than in the head-fixed condition. No significant different was found in any COP parameter between both conditions. It was suggested that non-visual eye position information from the external eye muscles to the sensory perception system contributes little to postural stabilisation under the measurement conditions used in this study.

show abstract

“…Visual feedback can be integrated with afferent information coming from the vestibular and somatosensory senses, contributing to and improving postural control [16]. In the previous study, as a result of comparing with or without visual feedback, the amount of COP trajectory decreased with feedback [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of real-time feedback training on weight shifting during golf swinging on golf performance in amateur golfers

Hwang

Choi

Shin

2017

PTRS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of real-time visual feedback weight shift training during golf swinging on golf performance. Design: Repeated-measures crossover design. Methods: Twenty-sixth amateur golfers were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups: The golf swing training with real-time feedback on weight shift (experimental group) swing training on the Wii balance board (WBB) by viewing the center of pressure (COP) trajectory on the WBB. All participants were assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The general golf swing training group (control group) performed on the ground. The golf performance was measured using a high-speed 3-dimensional camera sensor which analyses the shot distance, ball velocity, vertical launch angle, horizontal launch angle, back spin velocity and side spin velocity. The COP trajectory was assessed during 10 practice sessions and the mean was used. The golf performance measurement was repeated three times and its mean value was used. The assessment and training were performed at 24-hour intervals. Results: After training sessions, the change in shot distance, ball velocity, and horizontal launch angle pre-and post-training were significantly different when using the driver and iron clubs in the experimental group (p<0.05). The interaction time×group and time×club were not significant for all variables. Conclusions: In this study, real-time feedback training using real-time feedback on weight shifting improves golf shot distance and accuracy, which will be effective in increasing golf performance. In addition, it can be used as an index for golf player ability.

show abstract

Low Visual Acuity is Associated with the Decrease in Postural Sway

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Age-related effects of increasing postural challenge on eye movement onset latencies to visual targets

Age-related effects of increasing postural challenge on eye movement onset latencies to visual targets

The role of eye movement in upright postural control

Effects of real-time feedback training on weight shifting during golf swinging on golf performance in amateur golfers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About