Low Zinc Levels at Admission Associates with Poor Clinical Outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Vogel-González, Marina; Talló-Parra, Marc; Herrera-Fernández, Víctor; Pérez‐Vilaró, Gemma; Chillón, Miguel; Nogués, Xavier; Gómez-Zorrilla, Sílvia; López-Montesinos, Inmaculada; Arnau-Barrés, Isabel; Sorli-Redó, Maria Luisa; Horcajada, Juan Pablo; García-Giralt, Natàlia; Pascual, Julio; Díez, Juana; Vicente, Rubén; Güerri‐Fernández, Robert

doi:10.3390/nu13020562

Cited by 86 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the present study, apart from insufficient vitamin D intake, it was also identified that the assessed patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 had insufficient intakes of vitamin E, calcium, iron, and zinc, based on the RDA’s for the Mexican population. According to a study reported by Vogel-Gonzalez, et al [ 49 ], COVID-19 patients with a serum zinc concentration <50 μg/dL presented a higher inflammatory state and greater clinical severity of the disease. In regard to zinc status, in vitro studies have reported that zinc ions play a role in the antiviral immune response by inducing the production of interferons (IFN-α and IFN-γ) [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Food Intake Quality with Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients from Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

González-Estévez

Turrubiates-Hernández

Herrera-Jiménez

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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One of the micronutrients that has attracted the most attention in relation to COVID-19 is vitamin D. Although several factors affect its sufficiency; it has been argued that an optimal diet can ensure the intake of micronutrients with effects on immune response. Therefore, in this work we aimed to evaluate the food intake quality of SARS-CoV-2 positive Mexican patients and some of the common factors related to vitamin D deficiency. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 40 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. Serum samples and clinical parameters were collected. Micronutrient intake and food intake quality were assessed with a 24-h dietary recall and the Mini-ECCA v.2, respectively. Thirty-eight percent of the sample had a healthy food intake. The median 25(OH)D concentration was 22.7 ng/mL. A considerable insufficient intake of micronutrients with immunomodulatory effects such as vitamin D (p < 0.0001), vitamin E (p < 0.0001), and zinc (p < 0.0001) was shown. Patients with 25(OH)D sufficiency, defined as a concentration >30 ng/mL, had better food intake quality (p = 0.02) and an intense physical activity (p = 0.03). In conclusion, a better level of food intake quality and intense physical activity are associated with 25(OH)D sufficiency in SARS-CoV-2 positive Mexican patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Food Intake Quality with Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients from Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

González-Estévez

Turrubiates-Hernández

Herrera-Jiménez

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The antiviral property of zinc has been studied extensively, including coronavirus, hepatitis C virus, and HIV infections [70,71]. Pre-existing zinc deficiency may pre-dispose patients to a severe progression of COVID-19 [72,73]. Zinc supplementation may reduce the incidence of acute lower respiratory infection [74].…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of association and intervention studies have investigated the role of zinc in COVID-19 infection [71,73,76,77]. In a small study of COVID-19 patients, 27 of 45 (57.4%) were found to be zinc deficient, and these patients exhibited higher rates of complications compared to zinc sufficient patients, including higher rates of acute respiratory distress syndrome (18.5% vs 0%, p ¼ 0.06), corticosteroid therapy (p ¼ 0.02), prolonged hospital stay, and increased mortality (18.5% vs 0%, p ¼ 0.06).…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening the immunity of the Swiss population with micronutrients: A narrative review and call for action

Berger¹,

Herter-Aeberli²,

Zimmermann³

et al. 2021

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

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Background The enormous health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has refocused attention on measures to optimize immune function and vaccine response. Dietary deficiencies of micronutrients can weaken adaptive immunity. The aim of this review was to examine links between micronutrients, immune function and COVID-19 infection, with a focus on nutritional risks in subgroups of the Swiss population. Methods Scoping review on the associations between selected micronutrients (vitamins D and C, iron, selenium, zinc, and n-3 PUFAs) and immunity, with particular reference to the Swiss population. These nutrients were chosen because previous EFSA reviews have concluded they play a key role in immunity. Results The review discusses the available knowledge on links between sufficient nutrient status, optimal immune function, and prevention of respiratory tract infections. Because of the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, controlled intervention studies of micronutrients in the context of CIOVIUD-19 infection are now underway, but evidence is not yet available to draw conclusions. The anti-inflammatory properties of n-3 PUFAs are well established. In Switzerland, several subgroups of the population are at clear risk of nutrient deficiencies; e.g., older adults, multiple comorbidities, obesity, pregnancy, and institutionalized. Low intakes of n-3 PUFA are present in a large proportion of the population. Conclusion There are clear and strong relationships between micronutrient and n-3 PUFA status and immune function, and subgroups of the Swiss population are at risk for deficient intakes. Therefore, during the COVID-19 pandemic, as a complement to a healthy and balanced diet, it may be prudent to consider supplementation with moderate doses of Vitamins C and D, as well as of Se, Zn and n-3 PUFA, in risk groups.

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“…Major damages caused by Zn deficiency are growth failure, hair loss, dermatitis, diarrhoea, appetite loss, and neurosensory, skeletal, reproductive, and immune system disorders (Roohani et al 2013 ). In a recent report, Zn was found to be important for balancing immune responses against diseases such as COVID-19, as Zn deficiency is often observed in elderly individuals and individuals with chronic diseases (Vogel-González et al 2021 ). Hence, the consistent intake of Zn through daily cereal consumption may be one of the most efficient ways to mitigate Zn deficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of qGZn9a in controlling grain zinc concentration in rice, Oryza sativa L.

et al. 2021

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Key message A candidate gene responsible for higher grain zinc accumulation in rice was identified, which was probably associated with a partial defect in anther dehiscence. Abstract Zinc (Zn) is an essential mineral element in many organisms. Zn deficiency in humans causes various health problems; therefore, an adequate dietary Zn intake is required daily. Rice, Oryza sativa , is one of the main crops cultivated in Asian countries, and one of the breeding scopes of rice is to increase the grain Zn levels. Previously, we found that an Australian wild rice strain, O. meridionalis W1627, exhibits higher grain Zn levels than cultivated rice, O. sativa Nipponbare, and identified responsible genomic loci. An increase in grain Zn levels caused by one of the loci, qGZn9a , is associated with fertility reduction, but how this negative effect on grain productivity is regulated remains unknown. In this study, we artificially trimmed spikelets on the flowering day and found that a reduction in number of seeds was associated with an increase in the grain Zn levels. We also found that a partial defect in anther dehiscence correlated with the increase in grain Zn levels in plants carrying the W1627 chromosomal segment at qGZn9a in a Nipponbare genetic background. Among eight candidate genes in the qGZn9a region, three were absent from the corresponding region of W1627; one of these, Os09g0384900 , encoding a DUF295 protein with an unknown function, was found to be specifically expressed in the developing anther, thereby suggesting that the gene may be involved in the regulation of anther dehiscence. As fertility and grain Zn levels are essential agronomic traits in rice, our results highlight the importance of balancing these two traits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00122-021-03873-4.

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Low Zinc Levels at Admission Associates with Poor Clinical Outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Cited by 86 publications

References 33 publications

Association of Food Intake Quality with Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients from Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

Association of Food Intake Quality with Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients from Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

Strengthening the immunity of the Swiss population with micronutrients: A narrative review and call for action

Role of qGZn9a in controlling grain zinc concentration in rice, Oryza sativa L.

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