Lower critical solution temperature of linear PNIPA obtained from a Yukawa potential of polymer chains

Yan, Lifeng; Zhu, Qingshi; Kenkare, Paresh U.

doi:10.1002/1097-4628(20001209)78:11<1971::aid-app170>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Very prominent temperature-responsive materials are polymers that exhibit either a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and/or an upper critical solution temperature (UCST). These polymers are completely miscible with a given solvent at conditions below (LCST) or above (UCST) a critical temperature, but become (partially) insoluble, e.g., above the LCST [12]. It is important to note that those materials typically do not undergo chemical alterations causing changes in hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, but instead, experience a temperature-dependent shift in the relative ratio of hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions within the polymer and with the surrounding environment/solvent [13].…”

Section: Temperature-responsive Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges of Switchable Materials for Pharmaceutical Use

Tuncaboylu

Wischke

2022

Pharmaceutics

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Switchable polymeric materials, which can respond to triggering signals through changes in their properties, have become a major research focus for parenteral controlled delivery systems. They may enable externally induced drug release or delivery that is adaptive to in vivo stimuli. Despite the promise of new functionalities using switchable materials, several of these concepts may need to face challenges associated with clinical use. Accordingly, this review provides an overview of various types of switchable polymers responsive to different types of stimuli and addresses opportunities and challenges that may arise from their application in biomedicine.

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Section: Temperature-responsive Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges of Switchable Materials for Pharmaceutical Use

Tuncaboylu

Wischke

2022

Pharmaceutics

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“…They are soluble in aqueous solvents (water) at low temperatures but become insoluble as the temperature rises above the LCST. It is possible to increase the functionality of microgel particles by finding the right balance of hydrophobic and hydrophilic co-monomers or by tuning to a desired temperature range by copolymerization using more hydrophilic (which raises the LCST) or more hydrophobic (which lowers the LCST) co-monomers [43] [44].…”

Section: Temperature-responsive Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Polymers and Coatings Obtained by Ionizing Radiation: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications

Meléndez‐Ortiz¹,

Varca²,

Lugão³

et al. 2015

OJPChem

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Gamma radiation has been shown particularly useful for the functionalization of surfaces with stimuli-responsive polymers. This method involves the formation of active sites (free radicals) onto the polymeric backbone as a result of the exposition to high-energy radiation, in which a proper microenvironment for the reaction among monomer and/or polymer and the active sites takes place, thus leading to propagation which forms side chain grafts. The modification of polymers using high-energy irradiation may be performed by the following methods: direct or simultaneous, pre-irradiation oxidative and pre-irradiation. The most frequent ones correspond to the pre-irradiation oxidative method and the direct one. Radiation-grafting has many advantages over conventional methods considering that it does not require catalyst nor additives to initiate the reaction, and in general, no changes on the mechanical properties with respect to the pristine polymeric matrix are observed. This chapter focused on the synthesis of smart polymers and coatings obtained by the use of gamma radiation. In addition, diverse applications of these materials in the biomedical field are also reported.

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“…Thermoresponsive polymersundergo a reversible phase transitionin response to temperature changes in theirenvironment. As a result, they remain soluble in aqueous solvent at low temperatures but become insoluble when the temperature rises above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) [134,135], at whichpointthe enthalpy contribution of water bound to the polymer chain becomes less than the entropic gain of the system. The LCST of a polymer is largely dependent on the hydrogen-bonding capabilities of the constituent monomer units andcan be altered by modifying its hydrophilic or hydrophobic co-monomer content, thus changing its phase transition.Thermoresponsive polymers can be classified into poly(N-alkyl substituted acrylamides),e.g.…”

Section: Responsivepolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%